Double proximity effect in hybrid planar Superconductor-(Normal metal/Ferromagnet)-Superconductor structures

We have investigated the differential resistance of hybrid planar Al-(Cu/Fe)-Al submicron bridges at low temperatures and in weak magnetic fields. The structure consists of Cu/Fe-bilayer forming a bridge between two superconducting Al-electrodes. In superconducting state of Al-electrodes, we have observed a double-peak peculiarity in differential resistance of the S-(N/F)-S structures at a bias voltage corresponding to the minigap. We claim that this effect (the doubling of the minigap) is due to an electron spin polarization in the normal metal which is induced by the ferromagnet. We have demonstrated that the double-peak peculiarity is converted to a single peak at a coercive applied field corresponding to zero magnetization of the Fe-layer

Russian Manufacturing Revisited: Industrial Enterprises at the Start of the Crisis

The paper is based on the findings of a major project by the Higher School of Economics Institute for Industrial and Market Studies (IIMS) to monitor competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises. The study focuses on the drivers and dynamics of business competitiveness, including changes in firms’ behavior during the period before the crisis (2005-2008). The primary issue was to find out what firms and to what extent succeeded in capitalizing on the strong economic growth before the crisis to catch up with their competitors and gain a sustainable competitive position in the market. What was driving output increases and enhanced production efficiency? What were the impediments to this process

Соціально відповідальний бізнес як ефективне цілепокладання становлення моделі циркулярної економіки

In the article authors analyze modern global practices of conducting socially responsible business. It is shown that socially responsible business is a key component of social capital. The social responsibility analytical data of national business in Ukraine in terms of environmental protection were analyzed, and the indicators dynamics characterizing the efficiency of waste management in Ukraine from 2011 to 2020 were determined. The dynamics of enterprises’ investments in equipment and facilities related to ecological complex technologies were considered, and it was determined that due to the uneven capital investments distribution and current expenditures of enterprises among ecologically important directions for measures related to environmental protection, there is a need for state regulation of this sphere, and, especially, when the country is in a state of war and post-war recovery. Recommendations were formulated regarding the fact that the state should develop and apply a system of motivational measures to attract national business to participate in meeting social environment needs. It was concluded that the direction of business in its activities towards socially responsible contributes to the implementation of effective goal-setting of a circular economy model formation. The basis of the research was information resources such as regulatory and legal acts of Ukraine, analytical materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, strategic and program documents of the European Union (EU) regarding the priorities of sustainable development and the circular economy model, scientific works of Ukrainian and international scientists on research topics, etc. In the process of scientific research, such research scientific methods as empirical, namely description and comparison; theoretical: analysis, synthesis and generalization; systemic were applied. The study was prepared within the framework of the scientific research “Imperatives of socially responsible business on the basis of economy ecologization” (KPKVK 6541230 “Support of priority scientific research and scientific and technical (experimental) developments for the state”).У статті проаналізовано сучасні світові практики провадження соціально відповідального бізнесу. Показано, що соціально відповідальний бізнес виступає ключовою складовою соціального капіталу. Проаналізовано аналітичні дані щодо соціальної відповідальності національного бізнесу в Україні у частині охорони навколишнього середовища та визначено динаміку показників, які характеризують ефективність поводження з відходами в Україні за період з 2011 по 2020 роки. Розглянуто динаміку інвестицій підприємств в обладнання та устаткування, що пов’язані з екологічними комплексними технологіями, і визначено, що через нерівномірність розподілу капітальних інвестицій та поточних витрат підприємств серед екологічних важливих напрямків на заходи, які пов’язані із охороною навколишнього середовища, виникає необхідність державного регулювання цієї сфери, і, особливо, коли країна находиться у стані воєнного положення та повоєнного відновлення. Сформульовано рекомендації стосовно того, що саме держава повинна розробляти та застосовувати систему мотиваційних заходів щодо залучення національного бізнесу до участі у задоволенні потреб соціального середовища. Зроблено висновок про те, що спрямованість бізнесу у своїй діяльності у бік соціально відповідального сприяє реалізації ефективного цілепокладання становлення циркулярної моделі економіки. Базою дослідження стали такі інформаційні ресурси, як нормативно правові акти України, аналітичні матеріали Державної служби статистики України, Стратегічні та програмні документи Європейського Союзу (ЄС) щодо пріоритетів сталого розвитку та моделі циркулярної економіки, наукові праці українських та міжнародних вчених з тематики досліджень тощо. У процесі наукового дослідження було застосовано такі наукові методи дослідження, як емпіричний, а саме – опис та порівняння; теоретичний: аналіз, синтез та узагальнення; системний. Дослідження підготовлено в межах науково-дослідної роботи «Імперативи соціально відповідального бізнесу на засадах екологізації економіки» (КПКВК 6541230 «Підтримка пріоритетних для держави наукових досліджень і науково-технічних (експериментальних) розробок»)

TYPES OF PUNS IN NOVELS BY T. PRATCHETT AND PECULIARITIES OF THEIR TRANSLATION INTO RUSSIAN

В статье рассматриваются особенности авторского стиля британского писателя Т. Пратчетта, к которым относится игра слов или каламбуры. Описаны виды лексических каламбуров на примере двух романов автора. Указаны трудности их перевода.The article deals with the peculiarities of the author’s style in the novels by the British writer T. Pratchett. Types of lexical puns in two novels by T. Pratchett are described. It is stated that translation difficulties of the analyzed phenomena should be taken into consideration

"Russıan world". Indıgenous culture in the idıoms and obsolete words

The article is built on the dominant concept of the russian-slavic civilization, which is the "russian world" in the unity of its original culture and languag

Comparison of the effects of liraglutide and sibutramine in obese patients

Background: Obesity is a global noncommunicable pandemic. The low effectiveness of treating obesity is associated with the difficulty of maintaining weight loss due to the reaction of the appetite regulation system. Drugs with central mechanisms of action can help overcome this problem.Aim: The aim of our study was to compare the effects of liraglutide and sibutramine (Reduxin) on the dynamics of weight and cardiometabolic parameters in obese patients without cardiovascular diseases.Materials and methods: We estimated the dynamics of the main metabolic parameters (BMI, glucose, lipid metabolism, blood pressure), the level of hormones involved in the regulation of fat metabolism (leptin, adiponectin, insulin), the ­HOMA-IR index, markers of oxidative stress and inflammation during therapy with liraglutide in comparison with reduxin for 6 months in obese patients.Results: 64 obese patients were included in the study: 25 patients — in the “Liraglutide” group, 39 patients — in the “Sibutramine” group in accordance with the declared inclusion / exclusion criteria. The included patients were young, average body mass index (BMI) (37.92 ± 5.45 kg / m2), average glycemic level was 5.47 ± 0.81 mmol /l, HOMA-IR was 6.01 ± 4.25, blood pressure was at inclusion was within the normal range, but 21.8% of patients received antihypertensive therapy.Both treatment options provided a comparable decrease in body weight (-10.28% vs -9.47%, p = 0.13)., Leptin level (-32.12% vs -41.77%, p = 0.77) and myeloperoxidase (-33.33% vs -19.91%, p = 0.2). The blood pressure level did not change significantly on liraglutide, while on reduxin the level of diastolic blood pressure (dBP) increased significantly (6.87%, p = 0.006). There was a more pronounced decrease in insulin levels compared to the baseline level (-46%, p = 0.005), as well as a decrease in the HOMA-IR index (-50.08, p = 0.005) on liraglutide therapy.An increase in adiponectin levels (+ 45.36% vs 14.01%, p = 0.0045) and a decrease in low density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol were significantly more pronounced on reduxin therapy (-15.03% vs -9.4%, p = 0.006).36% of the participants completed their participation in the study ahead of schedule due to the lack of effect in the form of weight loss in the «Liraglutide» group. Side effects in the “Liraglutide” group were observed in 16% of patients. 48% of patients took part in the study within 6 months. In the «Sibutramine» group 33.4% of patients completed the study ahead of schedule for reasons unrelated to the drug intake, the side effects were observed in 20.5% of patients. 46.1% of participants in the «Sibutramine» group received therapy for 6 months.Conclusions: This study confirms the previous findings that both liraglutide and reduxin therapy provide effective weight loss. We found a positive trend in markers of inflammation, atherogenesis and oxidative stress, and leptin levels. Liraglutide therapy was accompanied by a more pronounced effect on the state of carbohydrate metabolism, and reduxin therapy provided a more pronounced dynamics of lipid disorders and adiponexin. Both groups were characterized by a rather low adherence to therapy, but the incidence of side effects requiring stopping therapy was higher in the Sibutramine group

Клинические проявления при энцефалите Бикерстаффа

This article describes the clinical case of brainstem encephalitis and criteria correspond to the clinical criteria for Bickerstaff encephalitis.In domestic literature, we not found descriptions of this pathology and decided to describe their own clinical case.Приведено описание клинического случая стволового энцефалита, критерии которого соответствуют клиническим критериям энцефалита Бикерстаффа. В отечественной литературе описание данной патологии отсутствует