212 research outputs found
Utilization of Ground-Penetrating Radar and Frequency Domain Electromagnetic for Investigation of Sewage Leaks
Fact 1: Underground sewage pipe systems deteriorate over time, developing cracks and joint defects; therefore, leakage is inevitable. Fact 2: The massive worldwide urbanization process, together with rural development, has meaningfully increased the length of sewage pipelines. Result: The concomitant risk of sewage leaks exposes the surrounding land to potential contamination and environmental harm. It is therefore important to locate such leaks in a timely manner, enabling damage control. Advances in active remote-sensing technologies (GPR and FDEM: ground-penetration radar and frequency domain electromagnetic) were used to identify sewage leaks that might cause pollution and to identify minor spills before they cause widespread damage
ΠΡΠ°ΡΠ½-ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½Ρ β ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·, ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ
Phthalocyanines (Pc) and their supramolecular aggregates are widely used in molecular electronics, chemical sensors, and catalysis, as well as in biology and medicine, including photodynamic therapy (PDT). One of the possibilities of preventing Pc aggregation in an aqueous medium is using surfactants: with their molecules are self-organized various supramolecular complexes. This results in formation of the required microheterogeneous Pc environment compatible with the biological medium. The monomolecular state of Pc in an aqueous medium is especially important for their use as sensitizers in fluorescence diagnostics and PDT. We have summarized here the results of investigations of distinctive features of the supramolecular aggregation of octa-[(4β²-benzo-15-crown-5)oxy]phthalocyaninates (Mcr8Pc) and tetra-[(4β²-benzo-15-crown-5)oxy]phthalocyaninates (Mcr4Pc) in electrolytic solutions and solutions of synthetic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). Biocompatible surfactants such as carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (Na-CMC) and sodium deoxycholate (SDC) were also studied. Using the electron absorption spectra it has been shown that formation of MΡr8Pc monomers in micellar solutions of SDC is affected by both increased surfactant concentration and by changes in the ionic strength of solution after sodium chloride is added. The effect of the chemical structure of the biocompatible anionic surfactant on monomerization of crown_containing phthalocyanines has been identified; this fact opens new possibilities for using this family of compounds for fluorescent diagnosis and PDT.ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌ, ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½Ρ (Pc) ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΏΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΡ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅, Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ (Π€ΠΠ’). ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Pc Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ², ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ, ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ Pc, ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Pc Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π€ΠΠ’. Π ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°- ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°-(Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎ-15-ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½-5)ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
(Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ (Π‘Π’ΠΠ), Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ (SDS), Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ (SDBS), ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΠΠ (Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ·Ρ (Na-CMC) ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ (SDC). ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΏΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Pc ΠΈ ΠΠΠ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Pc Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
ΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½-ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² Π€ΠΠ’. ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Na+ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎ-15-ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½-5 (Π³ΠΎΡΡΡ-Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½), ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΌ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΠΎ-ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° Pc Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π°Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΠΠ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½-ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π€ΠΠ’
Platinum and Palladium Complexes Containing Cationic Ligands as Catalysts for Arene H/D Exchange and Oxidation
No AbstractPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/77957/1/ange_201002351_sm_miscellaneous_information.pd
Recyclable Chiral Bifunctional Thioureas Derived from [60]Fullerene and Their Use as Highly Efficient Organocatalysts for the Asymmetric Nitro-Michael Reaction
ProducciΓ³n CientΓficaThree novel fullerothioureas derived from natural valine, phenylalanine, and tert-leucine have been prepared by Prato's reaction of [60]fullerene and the corresponding aldehydes. These hybrids have been used as organocatalysts in a typical stereoselective nitro-Michael addition reaction under homogeneous and neat conditions. The catalysts are easily recoverable by filtration, and are recyclable for at least five times. The addition products were obtained in excellent yields and stereoselectivities by using catalyst loadings of as low as 0.5 mol-%.2018-07-07Ministerio de EconomΓa, Industria y Competitividad (Project CTQ2014-59870-P
A homolytic oxy-functionalization mechanism: intermolecular hydrocarbyl migration from MβR to vanadate oxo
Preparation and characterization of a composite of gold nanoparticles and single-walled carbon nanotubes and its potential for heterogeneous catalysis
Coordinatively Unsaturated T-Shaped Platinum(II) Complexes Stabilized by Small N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. Synthesis and Cyclometalation
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Functioning of Electroactive Coatings Based on Fullerenes and Their Derivatives. The Role of Non-Covalent Interactions
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