152 research outputs found
La apariencia en Gracián
[Resumen] El artĂculo estudia el concepto de “apariencia”, en el ámbito de la FilosofĂa de la naturaleza, como una segunda naturaleza del ser, tras un repaso al marco general de la narrativa graciana. Se analiza la fábula del pavo real desde el ámbito moral y se muestra que la apariencia es una exigencia ontolĂłgica en el campo normativo y, en el campo táctico, un punto de partida del triunfo en la vida cortesana.[Sommaire] L’article Ă©tudie le concept d’“apparence” dans le domaine de la Philosophie de la nature, comme Ă©tant une deuxième nature de l’être, après avoir procĂ©dĂ© Ă une rĂ©vision du cadre gĂ©nĂ©ral de la narration graciane. On analyse la fable du paon royal du point de vue moral et on montre que l’apparence est une exigence ontologique dans le champ normatif et, dans le champ tactique, un point de dĂ©part du triomphe dans la vie courtoise.[Abstract] The article focuses on the concept of “appearance”, in the area of the Philosophy of nature. After reviewing Gracián’s narrative, the author interprets the concept of appearance as the “second nature” of being. The fable of the royal turkey is analyzed from a moral perspective, and it is the author’s contention that “appearance” is an ontological exigency in the normative field and, in the tactical field, a point of departure in order to attain success in courtier life
Empirismo y “luces” en la “misión” cultural de Feijóo
ArtĂculo de la secciĂłn: EstudiosLa tesis que se mantiene en el presente trabajo pretende demostrar que la ideologĂa feijooniana se inscribe dentro del movimiento ilustrado español con todo derecho. La singularidad de FeijĂło no estriba tanto en las doctrinas que sostiene —aunque ostenta sustanciales diferencias con respecto a los “novatores”— como en la intenciĂłn que le anima: la recuperaciĂłn de la experiencia como instrumento fundamental de la práctica filosĂłfica en el desarrollo del espĂritu cientĂfico moderno, en su afán de dominar tĂ©cnicamente la naturaleza y ponerla al
servicio del hombre. Esta es la perspectiva esencial de un pensamiento metĂłdico que rehuye
toda construcciĂłn sistemática y se dirige fundamentalmente a criticar los grandes escollos de su Ă©poca en nuestro paĂs: la intolerancia, la supersticiĂłn religiosa y el aristotelismo escolástico, bases ideolĂłgicas del entramado cultural de la España del XVIII. Su crĂtica es esencialmente
emancipadora y la razĂłn experimental su herramienta. He aquĂ pues, los dos grandes
vectores que han definido siempre todo pensamiento verdaderamente ilustrado.This article intends to prove that Feijoo’s ideas pertain within the Spanish illustrated movement in their own right. Feijoo’s uniqueness is not so much due to the doctrines he defends —even though he shows substantial differences with regards to the “novatores”— as the intention which moves them: the recovery of experience as a basic instrument for philosophical practices in the development of the modern scientific stance, with the aim of controlling nature
to make her a servant of mankind. This is the idea behind a methodic thinking which rejects
any systematic construction and whose aim is to criticize the great hallmarks of his time
in Spain: intolerance, religious superstition and scholastic Aristotelism. These are the bases of the cultural heritage of 17th century Spain. His criticism is basically emancipating and the tool he uses his experimental reasoning. Here we have the two great vectors which have always defined any truly illustrated thinking.Departamento de Historia Moderna y de América, Universidad de Granada
Historicism and Identity in the Characterishation of the Spanish Thought
ArtĂculo de la secciĂłn: *.Se buscan los rasgos definitorios de la producciĂłn ideolĂłgica española. Para ellos
se parte de la teorĂa diltheyana de las Concepciones del Mundo y se constata que todas
ellas mantienen la misma estructura, consistente en una “conexión” en la que se decide
acerca del significado y sentido del mundo, sobre la base de las imágenes que de él
fabrican la literatura, la filosofĂa, y que son analizadas para ver si en ellas se dan notas
esenciales que puedan servir para definir la identidad de la cultura española. En tal
caso, tales notas han de considerarse, no como caracteres determinantes y sĂ, en
palabras de Ortega y Gasset, como “propensiones predominantes”. Entre tales notas
están la convergencia entre filosofĂa y literatura, el realismo de la producciĂłn ideolĂłÂ
gica y su vertiente moral.In this article, Dilthey’s theory of Conception of the World has been used to arrive
at a characterisation of the defining features of Spanish philosophy. In consonance with
this, we have found that all of these conceptions have the same basic structure, which
is primarily a “connection”, decisive in the understanding of the meaning and sense of
the world, based on the images of it found in literature and philosophy. These images
are analysed in detail because we postulate that they could give us the key to the
identity of Spanish culture. However, their defining features should not be considered
as determining characteristics, but rather, in the words of Ortega y Gasset, as “predominant
tendencies”. By way of example, we could name the convergence between philosophy
and literature, as well as the realism of ideological production and its moral doctrine.Departamento de Historia Moderna y de América, Universidad de Granada
Reflexiones acerca de la historia del pensamiento español y su metodologĂa
Definirse sobre la existencia o inexistencia de la FilosofĂa española exige la
contestaciĂłn, al menos, de dos cuestiones previas; una serĂa: ÂżEs correcta y neceÂ
saria la adscripciĂłn de la filosofĂa a un pueblo o naciĂłn? y la otra, que depenÂ
de de la anterior, puesto que es pertinente sĂłlo en caso de obtener una respuesta
afirmativa, se podrĂa plantear en los siguientes tĂ©rminos: ÂżHa habido en España
FilosofĂa?Departamento de Historia Moderna y de AmĂ©rica, Universidad de Granada
Empirismo y luces en la misiĂłn cultural de FeijĂło
La tesis que se mantiene en el presente trabajo pretende demostrar que la ideologĂa feijooniana se inscribe dentro del movimiento ilustrado español con todo derecho. La singularidad de FeijĂło no estriba tanto en las doctrinas que sostiene —aunque ostenta sustanciales diferencias con respecto a los “novatores”— como en la intenciĂłn que le anima: la recuperaciĂłn de la experiencia como instrumento fundamental de la práctica filosĂłfica en el desarrollo del espĂritu cientĂfico moderno, en su afán de dominar tĂ©cnicamente la naturaleza y ponerla al servicio del hombre. Esta es la perspectiva esencial de un pensamiento metĂłdico que rehuye toda construcciĂłn sistemática y se dirige fundamentalmente a criticar los grandes escollos de su Ă©poca en nuestro paĂs: la intolerancia, la supersticiĂłn religiosa y el aristotelismo escolástico, bases ideolĂłgicas del entramado cultural de la España del XVIII. Su crĂtica es esencialmente emancipadora y la razĂłn experimental su herramienta. He aquĂ pues, los dos grandes vectores que han definido siempre todo pensamiento verdaderamente ilustrado.This article intends to prove that Feijoo’s ideas pertain within the Spanish illustrated movement in their own right. Feijoo’s uniqueness is not so much due to the doctrines he defends -—even though he shows substantial differences with regards to the “novatores”— as the intention which moves them: the recovery of experience as a basic instrument for philosophical practices in the development of the modern scientific stance, with the aim of controlling nature to make her a servant of mankind. This is the idea behind a methodic thinking which rejects any systematic construction and whose aim is to criticize the great hallmarks of his time in Spain: intolerance, religious superstition and scholastic Aristotelism. These are the bases of the cultural heritage of 17th century Spain. His criticism is basically emancipating and the tool he uses his experimental reasoning. Here we have the two great vectors which have always defined any truly illustrated thinking
Historicism and Identity in the Characterishation of the Spanish Thought
Se buscan los rasgos definitorios de la producciĂłn ideolĂłgica española. Para ellos se parte de la teorĂa diltheyana de las Concepciones del Mundo y se constata que todas ellas mantienen la misma estructura, consistente en una “conexiĂłn” en la que se decide acerca del significado y sentido del mundo, sobre la base de las imágenes que de Ă©l fabrican la literatura, la filosofĂa, y que son analizadas para ver si en ellas se dan notas esenciales que puedan servir para definir la identidad de la cultura española. En tal caso, tales notas han de considerarse, no como caracteres determinantes y sĂ, en palabras de Ortega y Gasset, como “propensiones predominantes”. Entre tales notas están la convergencia entre filosofĂa y literatura, el realismo de la producciĂłn ideolĂłgica y su vertiente moral.In this article, Dilthey’s theory of Conception of the World has been used to arrive at a characterisation of the defining features of Spanish philosophy. In consonance with this, we have found that all of these conceptions have the same basic structure, which is primarily a “connection”, decisive in the understanding of the meaning and sense of the world, based on the images of it found in literature and philosophy. These images are analysed in detail because we postulate that they could give us the key to the identity of Spanish culture. However, their defining features should not be considered as determining characteristics, but rather, in the words of Ortega y Gasset, as “predominant tendencies”. By way of example, we could name the convergence between philosophy and literature, as well as the realism of ideological production and its moral doctrine.
Prevalence of reduced lung diffusing capacity and CT scan findings in smokers without airflow limitation: a population-based study
Exercise; Lung Physiology; Tobacco and the lungEjercicio; FisiologĂa Pulmonar; Tabaco y pulmĂłnExercici; Fisiologia pulmonar; Tabac i pulmĂłBackground Population distribution of reduced diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) in smokers and main consequences are not properly recognised. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of reduced DLCO in a population-based sample of current and former smoker subjects without airflow limitation and to describe its morphological, functional and clinical implications.
Methods A sample of 405 subjects aged 40 years or older with postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (FVC) >0.70 was obtained from a random population-based sample of 9092 subjects evaluated in the EPISCAN II study. Baseline evaluation included clinical questionnaires, exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) measurement, spirometry, DLCO determination, 6 min walk test, routine blood analysis and low-dose CT scan with evaluation of lung density and airway wall thickness.
Results In never, former and current smokers, prevalence of reduced DLCO was 6.7%, 14.4% and 26.7%, respectively. Current and former smokers with reduced DLCO without airflow limitation were younger than the subjects with normal DLCO, and they had greater levels of dyspnoea and exhaled CO, greater pulmonary artery diameter and lower spirometric parameters, 6 min walk distance, daily physical activity and plasma albumin levels (all p<0.05), with no significant differences in other chronic respiratory symptoms or CT findings. FVC and exhaled CO were identified as independent risk factors for low DLCO.
Conclusion Reduced DLCO is a frequent disorder among smokers without airflow limitation, associated with decreased exercise capacity and with CT findings suggesting that it may be a marker of smoking-induced early vascular damage.The EPISCAN II study has been a GlaxoSmithKline sponsored study (grant number: not applicable)
- …