668 research outputs found
A Survey of Employee Perceptions of Information Privacy in Organizations
In this study of employees in five multinational corporations, assessment was made of (a) employees\u27 beliefs regarding the types of personal information stored their companies, (b) the accuracy of those perceptions, (c) reactions to various internal and external uses of this personal information, and (d) evaluations of the companies\u27 information handling policies and practices
Building and sustaining Work Engagement â A participatory action intervention to increase Work Engagement in nursing staff
This study evaluated whether a participatory action research intervention with nursing staff on
acute care older people NHS wards in the UK was effective for increasing work engagement.
Mediation analyses between job resources, (social support, influence in decision-making), job
demands, work-related needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness), and work engagement
explored the presumed psychological mechanisms underlying the intervention. A nonrandomised,
matched control group, pre-test, post-test design involved three intervention and
five control wards. A significant decrease in relatedness, and a borderline significant decrease
in competence, was observed in the intervention group compared to the control group, with no
effect on work engagement (N=45). Work-related needs mediated between resources and
work engagement, supporting the Job Demands-Resources model and Self-Determination
Theory as an underlying explanatory theory. Intervention implementation was difficult,
highlighting the need for participant and organisational readiness for change, and strong
management support. This is the first known study to apply participatory techniques to
increase work engagement in nursing staff and explore the underlying explanatory
psychological mechanisms, offering a novel means of taking work engagement research
forward. Crucially, it highlights the challenges involved in intervention research and the
importance of including evaluations of intervention implementation alongside statistical
evaluations to avoid erroneous conclusions
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Neutrinos below 100 TeV from the southern sky employing refined veto techniques to IceCube data
Many Galactic sources of gamma rays, such as supernova remnants, are expected to produce neutrinos with a typical energy cutoff well below 100 TeV. For the IceCube Neutrino Observatory located at the South Pole, the southern sky, containing the inner part of the Galactic plane and the Galactic Center, is a particularly challenging region at these energies, because of the large background of atmospheric muons. In this paper, we present recent advancements in data selection strategies for track-like muon neutrino events with energies below 100 TeV from the southern sky. The strategies utilize the outer detector regions as veto and features of the signal pattern to reduce the background of atmospheric muons to a level which, for the first time, allows IceCube searching for point-like sources of neutrinos in the southern sky at energies between 100 GeV and several TeV in the muon neutrino charged current channel. No significant clustering of neutrinos above background expectation was observed in four years of data recorded with the completed IceCube detector. Upper limits on the neutrino flux for a number of spectral hypotheses are reported for a list of astrophysical objects in the southern hemisphere
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Time-Integrated Neutrino Source Searches with 10Â Years of IceCube Data.
This Letter presents the results from pointlike neutrino source searches using ten years of IceCube data collected between April 6, 2008 and July 10, 2018. We evaluate the significance of an astrophysical signal from a pointlike source looking for an excess of clustered neutrino events with energies typically above âŒ1ââTeV among the background of atmospheric muons and neutrinos. We perform a full-sky scan, a search within a selected source catalog, a catalog population study, and three stacked Galactic catalog searches. The most significant point in the northern hemisphere from scanning the sky is coincident with the Seyfert II galaxy NGC 1068, which was included in the source catalog search. The excess at the coordinates of NGC 1068 is inconsistent with background expectations at the level of 2.9Ï after accounting for statistical trials from the entire catalog. The combination of this result along with excesses observed at the coordinates of three other sources, including TXS 0506+056, suggests that, collectively, correlations with sources in the northern catalog are inconsistent with background at 3.3Ï significance. The southern catalog is consistent with background. These results, all based on searches for a cumulative neutrino signal integrated over the 10 years of available data, motivate further study of these and similar sources, including time-dependent analyses, multimessenger correlations, and the possibility of stronger evidence with coming upgrades to the detector
Psychological Flexibility, ACT, and Organizational Behavior
This paper offers organizational behavior management (OBM) a behavior analytically consistent way to expand its analysis of, and methods for changing, organizational behavior. It shows how Relational Frame Theory (RFT) suggests that common, problematic, psychological processes emerge from language itself, and they produce psychological inflexibility. Research suggests that an applied extension of RFT, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, has led to new interventions that increase psychological flexibility and, thereby enhance, organizational behavior and health
Search for transient optical counterparts to high-energy IceCube neutrinos with Pan-STARRS1
In order to identify the sources of the observed diffuse high-energy neutrino
flux, it is crucial to discover their electromagnetic counterparts. IceCube
began releasing alerts for single high-energy ( TeV) neutrino
detections with sky localisation regions of order 1 deg radius in 2016. We used
Pan-STARRS1 to follow-up five of these alerts during 2016-2017 to search for
any optical transients that may be related to the neutrinos. Typically 10-20
faint ( mag) extragalactic transients are found within the
Pan-STARRS1 footprints and are generally consistent with being unrelated field
supernovae (SNe) and AGN. We looked for unusual properties of the detected
transients, such as temporal coincidence of explosion epoch with the IceCube
timestamp. We found only one transient that had properties worthy of a specific
follow-up. In the Pan-STARRS1 imaging for IceCube-160427A (probability to be of
astrophysical origin of 50 %), we found a SN PS16cgx, located at 10.0'
from the nominal IceCube direction. Spectroscopic observations of PS16cgx
showed that it was an H-poor SN at z = 0.2895. The spectra and light curve
resemble some high-energy Type Ic SNe, raising the possibility of a jet driven
SN with an explosion epoch temporally coincident with the neutrino detection.
However, distinguishing Type Ia and Type Ic SNe at this redshift is notoriously
difficult. Based on all available data we conclude that the transient is more
likely to be a Type Ia with relatively weak SiII absorption and a fairly normal
rest-frame r-band light curve. If, as predicted, there is no high-energy
neutrino emission from Type Ia SNe, then PS16cgx must be a random coincidence,
and unrelated to the IceCube-160427A. We find no other plausible optical
transient for any of the five IceCube events observed down to a 5
limiting magnitude of mag, between 1 day and 25 days after
detection.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, accepted to A&
Neutrinos below 100 TeV from the southern sky employing refined veto techniques to IceCube data
Many Galactic sources of gamma rays, such as supernova remnants, are expected
to produce neutrinos with a typical energy cutoff well below 100 TeV. For the
IceCube Neutrino Observatory located at the South Pole, the southern sky,
containing the inner part of the Galactic plane and the Galactic Center, is a
particularly challenging region at these energies, because of the large
background of atmospheric muons. In this paper, we present recent advancements
in data selection strategies for track-like muon neutrino events with energies
below 100 TeV from the southern sky. The strategies utilize the outer detector
regions as veto and features of the signal pattern to reduce the background of
atmospheric muons to a level which, for the first time, allows IceCube
searching for point-like sources of neutrinos in the southern sky at energies
between 100 GeV and several TeV in the muon neutrino charged current channel.
No significant clustering of neutrinos above background expectation was
observed in four years of data recorded with the completed IceCube detector.
Upper limits on the neutrino flux for a number of spectral hypotheses are
reported for a list of astrophysical objects in the southern hemisphere.Comment: 19 pages, 17 figures, 2 table
Book Reviews
With the observation of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, interest has risen in models of PeV-mass decaying dark matter particles to explain the observed flux. We present two dedicated experimental analyses to test this hypothesis. One analysis uses 6 years of IceCube data focusing on muon neutrino âtrackâ events from the Northern Hemisphere, while the second analysis uses 2 years of âcascadeâ events from the full sky. Known background components and the hypothetical flux from unstable dark matter are fitted to the experimental data. Since no significant excess is observed in either analysis, lower limits on the lifetime of dark matter particles are derived: we obtain the strongest constraint to date, excluding lifetimes shorter than s at 90% CL for dark matter masses above 10 TeV
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