Economic sanctions against Russia: italian point of view

This article is devoted to the impact of economic sanctions against Russia imposed by the European Union on the economy of Italy and reflects the views of the Italians. Special attention is paid to the losses incurred by the economy of Italy

Kinetic Solvers with Adaptive Mesh in Phase Space

An Adaptive Mesh in Phase Space (AMPS) methodology has been developed for solving multi-dimensional kinetic equations by the discrete velocity method. A Cartesian mesh for both configuration (r) and velocity (v) spaces is produced using a tree of trees data structure. The mesh in r-space is automatically generated around embedded boundaries and dynamically adapted to local solution properties. The mesh in v-space is created on-the-fly for each cell in r-space. Mappings between neighboring v-space trees implemented for the advection operator in configuration space. We have developed new algorithms for solving the full Boltzmann and linear Boltzmann equations with AMPS. Several recent innovations were used to calculate the discrete Boltzmann collision integral with dynamically adaptive mesh in velocity space: importance sampling, multi-point projection method, and the variance reduction method. We have developed an efficient algorithm for calculating the linear Boltzmann collision integral for elastic and inelastic collisions in a Lorentz gas. New AMPS technique has been demonstrated for simulations of hypersonic rarefied gas flows, ion and electron kinetics in weakly ionized plasma, radiation and light particle transport through thin films, and electron streaming in semiconductors. We have shown that AMPS allows minimizing the number of cells in phase space to reduce computational cost and memory usage for solving challenging kinetic problems

Recent developments in the political landscape of Spain and the European Landscape Convention

En este artículo se analiza el desarrollo de las políticas paisajísticas en España, especialmente en su etapa actual, cuando el paisaje se ha convertido en un instrumento importante para la diagnosis y el desarrollo del territorio. En primer lugar, se estudian las diferentes etapas en la evolución de las políticas del paisaje en España, desde el periodo donde el paisaje sólo tenía un significado artístico y cultural (principios del siglo XX) hasta la firma y ratificación por España del Convenio Europeo del Paisaje (CEP) que establece un marco común para las políticas paisajísticas europeas. Se realiza un análisis crítico de los planteamientos del CEP y de los problemas de su implementación en España. Se hace hincapié en la problemática de la democracia y participación pública en la toma de decisiones políticas en materia de ordenación del territorio y paisaje que recomienda el CEP y las dificultades para llevar a cabo las medidas que allí se proponen. Como conclusión, se realiza una reflexión sobre la integración del paisaje en las políticas de ordenación del territorio europeas como una manifestación de la emergencia de las formas más democráticas de gestión del territorio y sobre los nuevos retos de las investigaciones paisajísticas.In this article the development of the landscaping policies in Spain is analyzed, especially in its present stage, when the landscape has become an important instrument for the diagnosis and the development of the territory. First of all, the different stages of Spain’s landscape policies evolution are studied, from the period where the landscape only had an artistic and cultural meaning (principles of century XX) up to the signature and ratification by Spain of the European Agreement of the Landscape (CEP) that establishes a common frame for the European landscaping policies. Ratification for Spain of the European Agreement of the Landscape (CEP) that establishes a common frame for the landscape European policies A critical analysis of the expositions of the CEP and the problems of their implementation is realised. From the CEP some Spanish regional laws were derived that they are examined next. Like conclusion, a reflection is realised on the integration of the landscape in the policies of arrangement of the territory European as a manifestation of the emergency of the most democratic forms of management of the territory and on the new challenges of the landscaping investigationsFil: Frolova, Marina. Universidad de Granada (España

A Question of Mastery. Defects and Layers

This work began with a topic that was interesting and exciting to me: the technology of multiple firing in ceramics and defective glazes. Almost immediately, I thought I knew how to build a testing and scientific research process. My goal was to collect an extensive library of effects and techniques that would meet my expectations, and using this palette, as a painter move directly to the very process of creating art objects. For the study, I chose one defect of my interest - the appearance of craters in the glaze driven by Silicon Carbide (SiC) and the dependence of the characters of the craters on the amount of SiC. The project was undertaken to evaluate how crater glazes work with other glazes such as copper red and crystalline glazes in layers, which will provide a variety of glazing textures. In the process of working with defects in glazes, there was an encounter with control, a desire to conform to the outlined plan, followed by the attempt to free myself and follow a more organic process. "Two" fundamental questions emerged on which to base the study of my art practice: 1. What are the layers of process that make up my artistic practice? Who are the participants in this process: the inner values, intuition, the material with which I interact, fire, chance...something else? 2. What role do 'chance and control’ play in my art practice? Trying to find answers to these questions brought me closer to personal understanding about my artistic practice: ● Dealing with uncertainty ● Failure and disappointment ● Empathy for the material ● Trust of fire ● Acting, not just planningEste trabalho começou com um tópico que era interessante e entusiasmante para mim: a tecnologia de múltiplas cozeduras em cerâmica e vidrados com “defeitos”. Quase imediatamente, consegui imaginar um protocolo para testar estes processos de forma científica. O meu objetivo foi recolher uma extensa biblioteca de efeitos e técnicas que fossem ao encontro das minhas expectativas, usando esta paleta diretamente no processo de criação de obras de arte. Para o estudo, escolhi um dos defeitos que me interessavam – o aparecimento de crateras (ou pústulas) no vidrado por efeito do carboneto de silício (SiC) e a relação entre as características das crateras e quantidade de SiC. O estudo incluiu ainda a avaliação da interação entre os vidrados de crateras (crater glaze) e outros – tais como o vidrado vermelho de cobre e os vidrados cristalinos – quando aplicados em camadas, originando uma variedade de texturas e cores. No processo de trabalhar com os defeitos em vidrados, deparei-me com a questão do controlo, com o desejo de corresponder a um plano delineado, a que se seguiu a tentativa de me libertar e seguir um processo mais orgânico. Surgiram “duas” questões fundamentais nas quais basear o estudo da minha prática artística: 1. Quais são as camadas do processo que constituem a minha prática artística? Quem são os participantes neste processo: os valores intrínsecos, a intuição, o material com que interajo, o fogo, o acaso... algo diferente? 2. Que papel desempenham o “acaso e o controlo” na minha prática artística? Tentar responder as estas questões aproximou-me de uma compreensão pessoal acerca da minha arte: · Lidar com a incerteza · Fracasso e desilusão · Empatia pelo material · Confiar no fogo · Agir, não planear apenas