Efeito da apnéia inspiratória sobre a circulação geral e sobre o coração

Foram estudados três grupos, o 1.º constituído por 8 pacientes normais (GI), o 2.º por 19 pacientes portadores de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (G2) e o 3.º, por 28 pacientes portadores de cardiopatia isquêmica sem insuficiência cardíaca (G3), durante cateterismo cardíaco em situação basal e em apnéia inspiratória. Durante a inspiração, a pressão média no átrio direito aumentou de 2,0 ± 0,7 mmHg para 5,0 ± 1,8 mmHg (p 0. 05) in group II; from 3.0 ± 0.4 mmHg to 5.0 ± 1.3 mmHg (p > 0.05) in group III. Mean pulmonary pressure increased from 13.0 ± 1.1 mmHg to 18.0 ± 18 mmHg. (p < 0.05) in group I, did not change in group II and increased in group III from 18,0 ± 3.5 mmHg to 21.2 ± 1.9 mmHg (p < 0.05) in group III. Although left ventricular systolic pressure had a slight decrease in all groups, this decrease proved significant only in patients belonging to group III (p < 0,05). Left-ventricular end-diastolic pressure did not change in any group. The mean aortic pressure decreased from 98.0 ± 3.4 mmHg to 90.0 ± 3.2 mmHg (p < 0.05) in group II and from 114.0 ± 3.6 mmHg to 109.0 ± 3.6 mmHg (p < 0.05) in group III. The heart rate decreased from 80.0 ± 3.2 bpm t o 7 0 . 0 ± 2 . 8 b p m ( p < 0 , 0 1 ) in group I ; from 77.0 ± 3.7 to 70.0 ± 3.2 bpm (p < 0.01) in group II; from 77.0 ± 1,7 bpm to 71.0 ± 1.5 bpm (p < 0,001) in group III. The cardiac output decreased from 6.5 ± 0.3 l/mim to 5.6 ± 0.3 l/ min (p < 0.01) in group I; from 5.8 ± 0.3 1/min to 5.0 ± 0.3 l/ min (p < 0,01) in group II and from 5.7 ± 0.2 l/min to 5.0 ± 0.2 l/min (p < 0.001) in group III. The systolic volume did not change in any group

Prueba de la germinación de semillas de maíz en distintos ambientes

O teste de germinação tem por finalidade determinar o potencial máximo de germinação do lote de sementes e estimar o valor de semeadura no campo. Diante disso, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar diferentes tipos de ambientes germinativos visando determinar o mais adequado para germinação de sementes de milho. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial (3 x 2), com oito repetições. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, as sementes de milho foram submetidas a três ambientes (tratamentos), que foram utilizados no teste de germinação: germinador B.O.D, Germinador Térmico de Sementes e mini bandeja de plástico. Os testes foram instalados com oito repetições de 50 sementes por lote, à temperatura de 25ºC. A contagem das sementes, submetidas aos três ambientes, foi realizada aos quatro e aos sete dias após o plantio. Foram avaliadas as características: sementes normais e sementes  anormais. Observou-se que os diferentes ambientes proorcionaram diferenças significativas no teste de germinação de  sementes de milho. Através dos resultados do teste aos quatro e sete dias de contagem, observou-se diferença entre os ambientes, sendo que o tratamento realizado na incubadora B.O.D teve um índice germinativo maior em relação aos outros dois tratamentos, tendo uma porcentagem de 90,25%. Verificou se que a germinadora B.O.D. demonstrou ser o melhor ambiente para a germinação de sementes de milho.La prueba de germinación tiene por objeto determinar la máxima germinación potencial del lote y estimar el valor de la siembra en el campo. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar diferentes tipos de ambientes germinales para determinar el adecuado para la germinación del maíz. El experimento se realizó en un ensayo completamente aleatorizado en un factorial (3 x 2) con ocho repeticiones. Para el desarrollo de la investigación, las semillas de maíz fueron sometidas a tres ambientes (tratamientos) que se utilizaron en la prueba de germinación: germinador B.O.D, germinador térmico de semillas y mini bandeja de plástico. Las pruebas fueran instaladas con ocho repeticiones de 50 semillas por lote, a una temperatura de 25 ºC. La contaje de lo numero de semillas, sometidas a los tres ambientes se realizó a los cuatro y siete días después de la siembra. Las características evaluadas fueran: semillas normales y semillas anormales. Se observó que los diferentes ambientes produjeron diferencias significativas en la germinación de las semillas de maíz. A través de los resultados de las pruebas a los cuatro y siete días de recuento, se observó diferencias entre los ambientes, y el tratamiento realizado en la incubadora BOD tuvo un índice de germinación más elevado en comparación con los otros tratamientos, con un porcentaje de 90,25%. Se verificó que la germinadora B.O.D. demostró ser el mejor medio para la germinación de maíz.The germination test aims to determine the maximum potential of germination of the seed lot and estimate the value of sowing in the field. The objective of this study  is to assess the germination of maize seeds in different  types of germination environments. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, factorial scheme (3 x 2) with eight replicates. For the development of this experiment, the maize seeds were subjected to three environments (treatments) which were used in the germination test: BOD germinator, Thermal Seed Germinator and mini plastic tray. Tests were installed with eight replications of 50 seeds per lot, at a temperature of 25 °C. The counting of seeds  subjected to the environments was held at four days and seven days after sowing. It was evaluated the characteristics: normal and abnormal seeds. It was observed that the different environments provided significant differences in the germination test of maize seeds. Through the results of the germination test at 4 and 7 days of counting, there was significant difference between the environments, being that the treatment carried out in BOD incubator had a higher germination percentage in relation to the other two treatments, with a percentage of 90,25%. It was verified that the best environment for conducting germination of maize seeds is in the BOD germinator

Reversão da angina refratária ao uso de nitratos com o emprego de verapamil endovenoso durante cateterismo cardíaco

O presente estudo foi realizado para avaliar os efeitos da administração intravenosa do verapamil (0,15 mg/kg) em 12 pacientes que apresentaram angina durante o cateterismo cardíaco, não havendo alívio da dor 5 minutos após a administração da nitroglicerina sublingual. Após o uso do verapamil, houve desaparecimento da dor anginosa. Os valores das pressões pulmonar, sistólica e diastólica final do ventrículo esquerdo, da freqüência cardíaca e da dP/dt máxima haviam aumentado durante a angina e praticamente permanecido inalterados durante a administração de nitroglicerina. Essas variáveis atingiram valores próximos aos observados em situação basal após o uso do verapamil. Concluímos que o verapamil pode ser uma alternativa no tratamento da angina severa e refratária por reduzir o consumo de oxigênio pelo miocárdio e por suas ações coronariodilatadoras.The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of intravenous administration of verapamil (0.15 mg/Kg) in 12 patients who presented angina during cardiac catheterization who did not respond after 5 minutes of sublingual nitroglycerin. After the use of verapamil the symptoms of angina disappeared. The values of pulmonary pressure, left ventricular systolic and end diastolic pressure, heart rate and leak dP/dt had increased during angina and had persisted with almost the same values during nitroglycerin administration. These variables returned to values similar to the basal ones after the use of verapamil. We conclude that verapamil may be an alternative in the treatment of serious and refractory angina due to its effects by reducting myocardial oxygen uptake or to its coronary vasodilator effects

Post-mammoplasty symmastia augmentation with silicone implants: treatment with quilting sutures

Introduction: Augmentation mammoplasty is the most commonly performed esthetic surgical procedure in the United States and second in Brazil. Symmastia is one of its possible complications. This is defined as incorrect medial positioning of the breast implants, which cross the midline, losing the intermammary sulcus. Methods: Work type, series of cases. Two patients underwent symmastia repair after breast augmentation. The access route used was the previous inframammary incision. The repair of the intermammary sulcus was performed by scarification of the anterior and posterior capsule surfaces, associated with adhesion suture with non-absorbable monofilament threat (4 lines with 6 points each, comprising a vertical band of approximately 4 cm wide in the presternal region). In one of the cases, the implant was immediately replaced, and in the other, the procedure was done 3 months later. Results: In both cases, we obtained a new satisfactory intermammary sulcus, with proper esthetic result. No recurrence was observed on follow-ups at 9 and 11 months. Conclusions: The approach with adhesion sutures to redefine the intermammary sulcus was effective in the treatment of symmastia after breast augmentation

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Efeitos hemodinâmicos e cineangiográficos agudos do propatilnitrato na cardiopatia isquêmica sintomática

Os efeitos hemodinâmicos e cineangiocardiográficos do propatilnitrato sublingual foram estudados em 20 pacientes portadores de cardiopatia isquêmica. As variáveis, obtidas em situação basal e 5 minutos após o uso de 10 mg da droga, foram comparadas entre si, tendo-se observado: 1º) ausência de alterações significativas nas pressões médias de átrio direito e diastólica final de ventrículo esquerdo (VE), no rendimento cardíaco, no volume sistólico e na dP/dt máxima de VE; 2º) aumento significativo da freqüência cardíaca, fração de ejeção e velocidade média de encurtamento circunferência; 3º) redução significativa das pressões médias de artéria pulmonar e aorta e dP/dt máxima de VE, na resistência vascular sistêmica e nos volumes sistólico e diastólico finais do VE; 4º) melhora da motilidade segmentar do VE com normalização da contratilidade em 21 e melhora em 33, de um total de 66 segmentos alterados. Conclui-se que o propatilnitrato melhora o desempenho do coração como bomba, bem como a motilidade segmentar do miocárdio ventricular esquerdo.The hemodynamic and cineangiocardiographic effects of sublingual propatilnitrate were studied in 20 patients with ischemic heart disease. The variables obtained before and 5 minutes after the use of 10 mg of the drug were compared. The results showed: 1º) absence of significant changes in mean right atrial pressure, in left ventricular end diastolic pressure, in cardiac output, in systolic volume and in peak dP/dt; 2º) significant increase in heart rate, in ejection fraction and in mean circunferential fiber shortening velocity; 3º) significant decrease in mean pulmonary and aortic and in maximal dP/dt left ventricular pressures, in systemic vascular resistence and in left ventricular end systolic and enddyastolic volumes; 4º) improvement of left ventricular wall motion with normalization of contractility in 21 and improvement in 33 from a total of 66 altered segments. We conclude that propatilnitrate improves the cardiac performance as a pump as well as the segmental wall motion in patients with ischemic heart disease