Histological differences of gingival autografts of various donor sites and clinical results in mucogingival surgery

Soft tissue grafting has become a substantial element in periodontal and implant mucogingival surgeries. The choice of donor site selection and the harvesting technique are two important factors to take into consideration. The goal of this narrative review is to compare the histological characteristics and clinical results of gingival grafts harvested from the palatal and tuberosity areas, applied in mucogingival surgery procedures. The focus of analysis was on how their composition at a histological level correlate with the following clinical parameters: postoperative shrinkage, volume gain, stability, width of keratinized tissue gain, aesthetics and morbidity. It was concluded that the location of the donor site and the grafting technique can affect the graft composition, which may have an impact in the clinical results of mucogingival procedures. More well design randomized clinical trials in mucogingival procedures comparing different types of grafts are needed to further elucidate potential differences in clinical outcomes.Os enxertos autógenos gengivais tornaram-se um elemento substancial nas cirurgias periodontais e implantológicas mucogengivais. A escolha da seleção da área dadora e a técnica de colheita são dois fatores importantes a ter em conta. O objetivo desta revisão narrativa é comparar as características histológicas e os resultados clínicos dos enxertos gengivais colhidos das áreas do palato e tuberosidade, aplicados nos procedimentos de cirurgia mucogengival. O foco da análise foi a forma como a sua composição a nível histológico se correlaciona com os seguintes parâmetros clínicos: contração pós-operatória, aumento de volume, estabilidade, aumento da largura de tecido queratinizado, estética e morbilidade. Concluiu-se que a localização da área dadora e a técnica de colheita podem afetar a composição do enxerto, o que pode ter um impacto nos resultados clínicos dos procedimentos mucogengivais. São necessários mais ensaios controlados randomizados em procedimentos mucogengivais para elucidar ainda mais as diferenças potenciais nos resultados clínicos

Overuse Injuries in Professional Ballet

Ballet is an athletic activity with a marked artistic component, that need a highest technical requirement and repetitive movements. In this way, Overuse injuries, as we have been able to demonstrate in our studies, will be the most frequent injuries in ballet. The technical requierements of ballet will influence both injury specificity for each discipline and for both sexes, usually with higher technical requirements among women and higher athletic requirements among men. The patellofemoral syndrome is the most frequent overuse injuries in ballet, related to decompensating mechanisms to increase a naturally weak in turnout or dehors. This injury and others as the snapping hip, are more common among women, with higher technical requirements than men, and in the more technically demanding disciplines such as classical ballet. Other important injuries in ballet are Achilles tendinopathy, the mechanical low back pain, or the Os trigonum Syndrome. It will be very important to know about, the biomechanic and pathomechanic of the Ballet specific technical gesture, the intrinsecal and environmental risk factors involved in ballet injuries, the injury-based differences among ballet disciplines and among age and professional seniority, as well as the most important preventive measures in ballet

Tolerance to mutations in the foot-and-mouth disease virus integrin-binding RGD region is different in cultured cells and in vivo and depends on the capsid sequence context.

Engineered RNAs carrying substitutions in the integrin receptor-binding Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) region of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) were constructed (aa 141-147 of VP1 capsid protein) and their infectivity was assayed in cultured cells and suckling mice. The effect of these changes was studied in the capsid proteins of two FMDVs, C-S8c1, which enters cells through integrins, and 213hs(-), a derivative highly adapted to cell culture whose ability to infect cells using the glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate (HS) as receptor, acquired by multiple passage on BHK-21 cells, has been abolished. The capsid sequence context determined infectivity in cultured cells and directed the selection of additional replacements in structural proteins. Interestingly, a viral population derived from a C-S8c1/L144A mutant, carrying only three substitutions in the capsid, was able to expand tropism to wild-type (wt) and mutant (mt)glycosaminoglycan-deficient CHO cells. In contrast, the 213hs(-) capsid tolerated all substitutions analysed with no additional mutations, and the viruses recovered maintained the ability of the 213hs(-) parental virus to infect wt and mt CHO cells. Viruses derived from C-S8c1 with atypical RGD regions were virulent and transmissible for mice with no other changes in the capsid. Substitution of Asp143 for Ala in the C-S8c1 capsid eliminated infectivity in cultured cells and mice. Co-inoculation with a neutralizing monoclonal antibody directed against the type C FMDV RGD region abolished infectivity of C-S8c1 virus on suckling mice, suggesting that FMDV can infect mice using integrins. Sequence requirements imposed for viral entry in vitro and in vivo are discussed

Methylation-Dependent Gene Silencing Induced by Interleukin 1β via Nitric Oxide Production

Interleukin (IL)-1β is a pleiotropic cytokine implicated in a variety of activities, including damage of insulin-producing cells, brain injury, or neuromodulatory responses. Many of these effects are mediated by nitric oxide (NO) produced by the induction of NO synthase (iNOS) expression. We report here that IL-1β provokes a marked repression of genes, such as fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT), having a CpG island in their promoter region. This effect can be fully prevented by iNOS inhibitors and is dependent on DNA methylation. NO donors also cause FMR1 and HPRT gene silencing. NO-induced methylation of FMR1 CpG island can be reverted by demethylating agents which, in turn, produce the recovery of gene expression. The effects of IL-1β and NO appear to be exerted through activation of DNA methyltransferase (DNA MeTase). Although exposure of the cells to NO does not increase DNA MeTase gene expression, the activity of the enzyme selectively increases when NO is applied directly on a nuclear protein extract. These findings reveal a previously unknown effect of IL-1β and NO on gene expression, and demonstrate a novel pathway for gene silencing based on activation of DNA MeTase by NO and acute modification of CpG island methylation

Methylation-dependent gene silencing induced by interleukin 1β via nitric oxide production

Interleukin (IL)-1 b is a pleiotropic cytokine implicated in a variety of activities, including damage of insulin-producing cells, brain injury, or neuromodulatory responses. Many of these effects are mediated by nitric oxide (NO) produced by the induction of NO synthase (iNOS) expression. We report here that IL-1 b provokes a marked repression of genes, such as fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT), having a CpG island in their promoter region. This effect can be fully prevented by iNOS inhibitors and is dependent on DNA methylation. NO donors also cause FMR1 and HPRT gene silencing. NO-induced methylation of FMR1 CpG island can be reverted by demethylating agents which, in turn, produce the recovery of gene expression. The effects of IL-1 b and NO appear to be exerted through activation of DNA methyltransferase (DNA MeTase). Although exposure of the cells to NO does not increase DNA MeTase gene expression, the activity of the enzyme selectively increases when NO is applied directly on a nuclear protein extract. These findings reveal a previously unknown effect of IL-1 b and NO on gene expression, and demonstrate a novel pathway for gene silencing based on activation of DNA MeTase by NO and acute modification of CpG island methylation

Grammaire nouvelle espagnole et françoise

Dictionario español y frances, p. 291-356 [i.e. 456]Sign.: [ ]\p2\s, a\p4\s, A-T\p12\sError de numeración, en p. 456 consta 356Port. con viñeta xil.Existe otra portada con los datos en españo

Programas de sistemas y métodos de enseñanza y nociones de educación

194 páxinas; 17 c

Nouvelle grammaire espagnole et françoise

[8], 271 p

Sobrino aumentado o Nuevo diccionario de las lenguas española, francesa y latina ... dividido en tres tomos ... / por Francisco Cormon... ; Tomo segundo, F-Z

Texto en español, francés y latín[2], 698 p. ; 4ºSign.: [ ]1, A-Z4, 2A-2Z4, 3A-3Z4, 4A-4S4, 4T1Texto a tres col.Port. con grab. xil.: "Papillon inv. et sculp. 1766"FA860(03)SOB (1769/75) T. 2 -- Ex libris ms. en h. de guarda: "Libreria de S. Franco. de Segovia" -- Enc. de perg