La informalidad: una revisión desde sus orígenes hasta los impactos de la pandemia

Seminario de internacionalizaciónConocer los orígenes de la informalidad, su desarrollo, y participación actual en una economía resultan importantes para determinar el grado en que una situación que afecta a la salud pública puede impactar directamente a las personas empleadas informalmente. Este ensayo es una revisión sobre la participación que ha tomado la informalidad en los contextos sociales y económicos nacionales.Resumen Introducción 1. Una mirada al contexto social en las crisis 2. Las estructuras económicas 3. La informalidad: el estilo productivo de mayor comodidad 4. El amplio, pero estrecho espectro del sector formal 5. La situación actual de la informalidad en colombia 6. El impacto de la pandemia: ¿la informalidad resistirá? Conclusiones BibliografíaEspecializaciónEspecialista en Análisis y Administración Financier

Inmunoterapia con polen de olivo: mecanismo de acción y manejo práctico

págs.: 217-230Capítulo incluido en el libro: Abordaje integral del paciente con asma por alergia al polen del olivo. Manuel Alcántara Villar (coordinador). Sevilla: Universidad Internacional de Andalucía, 2014. ISBN 978-84-7993-255-8. Enlace: http://hdl.handle.net/10334/362

Nuevas perspectivas del tratamiento biológico en la alergia al polen de olivo

págs.: 233-245Capítulo incluido en el libro: Abordaje integral del paciente con asma por alergia al polen del olivo. Manuel Alcántara Villar (coordinador). Sevilla: Universidad Internacional de Andalucía, 2014. ISBN 978-84-7993-255-8. Enlace: http://hdl.handle.net/10334/362

Metal availability and bio-accessibility in water-logged soils: in vitro experiments

Presentado al congreso European Geosciences Union. General Assembly, 2010. 2-7 mayo en Viena, Austria.Reducing conditions of submerged soils were simulated in vitro by keeping various soil samples for various times of reaction (between 1 and 15 days) in sealed flasks and N2 atmosphere under an aqueous solution, 0.01 M CaCl2 containing 1 g/l glucose. Surface samples of soils from urban green areas of Ljubljana (LJU), Torino (TOR) and Sevilla, were chosen. In the latter case, two samples of the same soil were included, before (SE-0) and after (SE-8) receiving a composted biosolid (two yearly doses of 80000 kg/ha) obtained from sewage sludge, often used as amendment by the Parks & Gardens Service of the local Government. A fifth soil (QUE) was chosen from the area affected by an accident where 2 million m3 of metal-rich mine tailings were spilled over the Guadiamar river (SW Spain) and its riparian areas. This highly polluted soil was included for comparison. Values of Eh, pH and several metal concentrations were determined in the solution after each time, and metal availability and bio-accessibility were estimated in the soils after treatment. The metals studied were Fe, Mn and some of those called ‘urban’ metals, namely Cu, Pb and Zn.Peer reviewe

Predicting the accuracy of multiple sequence alignment algorithms by using computational intelligent techniques

Multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) have become one of the most studied approaches in bioinformatics to perform other outstanding tasks such as structure prediction, biological function analysis or next-generation sequencing. However, current MSA algorithms do not always provide consistent solutions, since alignments become increasingly difficult when dealing with low similarity sequences. As widely known, these algorithms directly depend on specific features of the sequences, causing relevant influence on the alignment accuracy. Many MSA tools have been recently designed but it is not possible to know in advance which one is the most suitable for a particular set of sequences. In this work, we analyze some of the most used algorithms presented in the bibliography and their dependences on several features. A novel intelligent algorithm based on least square support vector machine is then developed to predict how accurate each alignment could be, depending on its analyzed features. This algorithm is performed with a dataset of 2180 MSAs. The proposed system first estimates the accuracy of possible alignments. The most promising methodologies are then selected in order to align each set of sequences. Since only one selected algorithm is run, the computational time is not excessively increased

Nonallergic asthma and its severity: Biomarkers for its discrimination in peripheral samples

Asthma is a complex and heterogeneous respiratory disorder characterized by chronic airway inflammation. It has generally been associated with allergic mechanisms related to type 2 airway inflammation. Nevertheless, between 10 and 33% of asthmatic individuals have nonallergic asthma (NA). Several targeted treatments are in clinical development for patients with Th2 immune response, but few biomarkers are been defined for low or non-Th2-mediated inflammation asthma. We have recently defined by gene expression a set of genes as potential biomarkers of NA, mainly associated with disease severity: IL10, MSR1, PHLDA1, SERPINB2, CHI3L1, IL8, and PI3. Here, we analyzed their protein expression and specificity using sera and isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). First, protein quantification was carried out using ELISA (in sera) or Western blot (proteins extracted from PBMCs by Trizol procedure), depending on the biomarker in 30 healthy controls (C) subjects and 30 NA patients. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed by using the R program to study the specificity and sensitivity of the candidate biomarkers at a gene- and protein expression level. Four kinds of comparisons were performed: total NA group vs C group, severe NA patients vs C, moderate-mild NA patients vs C, and severe NA patients vs moderate-mild NA patients. We found that all the single genes showed good sensitivity vs specificity for some phenotypic discrimination, with CHI3L1 and PI3 exhibiting the best results for C vs NA: CHI3L1 area under the curve (AUC) (CI 95%): 0.95 (0.84-1.00) and PI3 AUC: 0.99 (0.98-1.00); C vs severe NA: PI3 AUC: 1 (0.99-1.00); and C vs moderate-mild NA: CHI3L1 AUC: 1 (0.99-1.00) and PI3 AUC: 0.99 (0.96-1.00). However, the results for discriminating asthma disease and severity with protein expression were better when two or three biomarkers were combined. In conclusion, individual genes and combinations of proteins have been evaluated as reliable biomarkers for classifying NA subjects and their severity. These new panels could be good diagnostic tests.This work was supported in part by research grants supported in part by research grants PI13/01730 and PI17/01682, cofinanced by FEDER, CIBERES (ISCIII, 0013), and RETIC (RD09/0076/00101) from the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Spain). SB was supported by Fundación Conchita Rábago. DC was supported by a contract from Comunidad de Madrid (PEJD-2016/BMD-2682, Sistema de Garantía Juvenil), and LC-J was supported by a contract from MINECO (PEJ-2014-A-31609, Sistema de Garantía Juvenil), both cofinanced by Fondo Social Europeo (FSE) and Iniciativa de Empleo Juvenil (IEJ)

[Correction] Correlating heatwaves and relative humidity with suicide (fatal intentional self-harm)

Correction to: Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01448-3, published online 15 November 2021 The original version of this Article contained an error in Table 3 where rows 3 and 5 were incorrect, “Number of countries showing a significant increase in suicide for each unit increase of heatwave counts” now reads: “Number of countries showing a significant increase in suicide for each unit increase of relative humidity” And, “Number of countries showing a significant decrease in suicide for each unit increase of heatwave counts” now reads: “Number of countries showing a significant decrease in suicide for each unit increase of relative humidity” The original Article has been corrected

Estudio de suelos de parques y jardines de Sevilla: relación entre diversos parámetros generales de los suelos y los contenidos de Cu y Zn, y efecto de la profundidad en la toma de muestras.

The urban soils of Seville have been studied within a European project (URBSOIL) during recent years. Relatively high levels of some metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) have been found in the nearest sites to the historical city centre suggesting a definite human influence. In general, a high metal availability has been found, which is a cause of concern. The object of this work was to study the relations between some general parameters in soils (pH, texture, electrical conductivity, calcium carbonate equivalent, organic carbon, N, C/N ratio) and the Cu and Zn contents, as well as to study the effect of depth on and the relations between them.Los suelos urbanos de Sevilla han sido estudiados en los últimos años dentro del proyecto URBSOIL. Previamente se habían encontrado niveles relativamente elevados de algunos metales (Cu, Pb y Zn) en las zonas más cercanas al centro histórico de la ciudad, con lo que parece evidente la influencia humana en el origen de estos metales. En general se había encontrado una alta disponibilidad de los metales, lo que incrementa la preocupación por este tipo de contaminación. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las relaciones entre los parámetros generales de los suelos (pH, granulometría, conductividad eléctrica, carbonato, carbono orgánico, nitrógeno y relación C/N) y los contenidos de Cu y Zn, así como estudiar la variación con la profundidad. Para ello, se han tomado muestras en un total de 32 puntos, a dos profundidades (0 a 10 cm y 10 a 20 cm) en varios parques y jardines de Sevilla, desde diciembre de 2003 a marzo de 2004. Las muestras se caracterizaron midiendo sus propiedades más importantes y sus contenidos pseudototales de Cu y Zn por digestión con agua regia.

El control y la mejora de la calidad de vida del paciente asmático como objetivo del tratamiento

22 páginas.Capítulo incluido en el libro: Hacia un mejor control de nuestros pacientes con asma. Manuel Alcantara Villar (Coordinador). Sevilla: Universidad Internacional de Andalucía, 2019. ISBN 978-84-7993-351-7. Enlace: http://hdl.handle.net/10334/4035

Urticaria crónica. Peculiaridades en la infancia, embarazo y lactancia

21 páginas.Capítulo incluido en el libro: Actualización en alergología para médicos de atención primaria. Manuel Alcántara Villar (Coordinador). Sevilla: Universidad Internacional de Andalucía, 2018. ISBN 978-84-7993-340-1. Enlace: http://hdl.handle.net/10334/3910