ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI JAWA TENGAH DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI BERDASARKAN PDRB

Economic conditions in Central Java Province have improved from time to time. So that a study was conducted to determine and analyze the factors that can affect the economic growth of Central Java Province for the 2020 period with reference to the 2015-2020 PDRB. The data is collected through the Central Java Statistics Agency and will be analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing. The results of the analysis show that the increase in PDRB in 2015 to 2019 shows very good economic growth in Central Java but due to the pandemic period, PDRB in 2020 has decreased due to limited public consumption activities, government spending, investment and exports and imports. In the future, the Central Java Government can focus on infrastructure development and empowering the poor as well as creating open job opportunities for the unemployed

The Effectiveness of Digital Marketing: A Case Study of One Bowl Soup MSMEs

Digital marketing is a key factor in facing business competition in the current era. Effective digital marketing strategy implementation could lead MSMEs to maximize the market potential available in social media. Therefore, this research is conducted to investigate the effectiveness of digital marketing implemented for One Bowl Soup. As previous research doesn’t show an actual comparison regarding before and after the suggested strategy implemented, this research does not only overcome the referred limitation, but is not limited to only 2 social medias and comprised of major social medias which has highest active users in Indonesia simultaneously. A qualitative approach is utilized, and customers of One Bowl Soup are collected as samples for this research. It was found that social media usage by enterprises, including MSMEs, would improve the brand awareness of residents towards said enterprise. Moreover, for Instagram, which majority of interviewed sample uses Instagram in their daily life, including searching about local culinary options. After using social media, One Bowl Soup has improved visibility or brand awareness in Batam City, Indonesia, which can be seen from profile traffic insights provided by each social media

Pemasaran Digital untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas, Efisiensi dan Pendapatan UMKM JHN Shop Batam

Masa pandemi COVID-19 dapat dinilai sebagai ancaman dan juga peluang dalam dunia bisnis. Untuk bertahan dalam masa pandemi ini, UMKM JHN Shop harus berinovasi agar dapat bersaing dengan UMKM lainnya. Karena adanya masa pandemi COVID-19 telah membuat JHN Shop mengalami penurunan pendapatan. Strategi yang cukup populer saat ini dalam mengatasi permasalahan JHN Shop adalah pemasaran digital dengan memanfaatkan iklan dan media sosial seperti Instagram, Facebook, maupun Tiktok. Pemasaran digital sebagai upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh JHN Shop dan dengan melakukan pemasaran digital maka JHN Shop dapat meningkatkan produktivitas, efisiensi dan pendapatannya. Dalam membantu UMKM JHN Shop dalam menerapkan pemasaran digital, pelaksana kegiatan memberikan edukasi dan juga membuatkan akun Instagram untuk Bapak A Ing selaku pemilik JHN Shop. Pengabdian dilakukan melalui tahap persiapan untuk memperoleh data dengan wawancara dengan Bapak A Ing, tahap pelaksanaan untuk mengimplementasikan kegiatan yaitu menciptakan luaran berupa akun Instagram, dan tahap penilaian untuk mengevaluasi kegiatan yaitu memantau penggunaan akun tersebut oleh JHN Shop serta mengamati peningkatan pengikut pada akun tersebut. Setelah JHN Shop mencoba melakukan pemasaran digital, mereka mendapatkan beberapa pelanggan baru. Seiring dengan bertambahnya pelanggan, produktivitas, efisiensi dan pendapatan JHN Shop pun ikut meningkat

Financial Literacy terhadap Financial Satisfaction: Peran Financial Risk Attitude sebagai Variabel Mediasi

Kemampuan seseorang untuk mengelola keuangan pribadinya adalah kunci utama untuk mencapai kepuasan finansial untuk individual. Tingkat keberhasilan pengelolaan keuangan secara pribadi juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor individual seperti literasi keuangan dan sikap terhadap risiko dalam keuangan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian untuk menguji faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kepuasan finansial seseorang. Penelitian ini memperoleh 118 responden sebagai sampel yang berasal dari Kota Batam dan telah berpenghasilan. Data penelitian bersifat primer karena dihasilkan dari kuesioner tertutup yang disajikan dalam google form. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan metode partial least square dengan bantuan program SmartPLS. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, ditemukan bahwa financial literacy memengaruhi financial risk attitude secara positif, namun tidak memengaruhi financial satisfaction. Selain itu, financial risk attitude ditemukan tidak memengaruhi financial satisfaction. Penelitian ini juga menguji pengaruh tidak langsung dan tidak menemukan adanya pengaru dari financial literacy terhadap financial satisfaction melalui intervensi financial risk attitude

A randomized trial of epinephrine in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Background Concern about the use of epinephrine as a treatment for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest led the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation to call for a placebo-controlled trial to determine whether the use of epinephrine is safe and effective in such patients. Methods In a randomized, double-blind trial involving 8014 patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the United Kingdom, paramedics at five National Health Service ambulance services administered either parenteral epinephrine (4015 patients) or saline placebo (3999 patients), along with standard care. The primary outcome was the rate of survival at 30 days. Secondary outcomes included the rate of survival until hospital discharge with a favorable neurologic outcome, as indicated by a score of 3 or less on the modified Rankin scale (which ranges from 0 [no symptoms] to 6 [death]). Results At 30 days, 130 patients (3.2%) in the epinephrine group and 94 (2.4%) in the placebo group were alive (unadjusted odds ratio for survival, 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06 to 1.82; P=0.02). There was no evidence of a significant difference in the proportion of patients who survived until hospital discharge with a favorable neurologic outcome (87 of 4007 patients [2.2%] vs. 74 of 3994 patients [1.9%]; unadjusted odds ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.61). At the time of hospital discharge, severe neurologic impairment (a score of 4 or 5 on the modified Rankin scale) had occurred in more of the survivors in the epinephrine group than in the placebo group (39 of 126 patients [31.0%] vs. 16 of 90 patients [17.8%]). Conclusions In adults with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, the use of epinephrine resulted in a significantly higher rate of 30-day survival than the use of placebo, but there was no significant between-group difference in the rate of a favorable neurologic outcome because more survivors had severe neurologic impairment in the epinephrine group. (Funded by the U.K. National Institute for Health Research and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN73485024.

Pre-hospital assessment of the role of adrenaline : measuring the effectiveness of drug administration in cardiac arrest (PARAMEDIC-2) : trial protocol

Despite its use since the 1960s, the safety or effectiveness of adrenaline as a treatment for cardiac arrest has never been comprehensively evaluated in a clinical trial. Although most studies have found that adrenaline increases the chance of return of spontaneous circulation for short periods, many studies found harmful effects on the brain and raise concern that adrenaline may reduce overall survival and/or good neurological outcome. The PARAMEDIC-2 trial seeks to determine if adrenaline is safe and effective in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. This is a pragmatic, individually randomised, double blind, controlled trial with a parallel economic evaluation. Participants will be eligible if they are in cardiac arrest in the out-of-hospital environment and advanced life support is initiated. Exclusions are cardiac arrest as a result of anaphylaxis or life threatening asthma, and patient known or appearing to be under 16 or pregnant. 8000 participants treated by 5 UK ambulance services will be randomised between December 2014 and August 2017 to adrenaline (intervention) or placebo (control) through opening pre-randomised drug packs. Clinical outcomes are survival to 30 days (primary outcome), hospital discharge, 3, 6 and 12 months, health related quality of life, and neurological and cognitive outcomes (secondary outcomes). Trial registration (ISRCTN73485024)

Adrenaline to improve survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest : the PARAMEDIC2 RCT

Background Adrenaline has been used as a treatment for cardiac arrest for many years, despite uncertainty about its effects on long-term outcomes and concerns that it may cause worse neurological outcomes. Objectives The objectives were to evaluate the effects of adrenaline on survival and neurological outcomes, and to assess the cost-effectiveness of adrenaline use. Design This was a pragmatic, randomised, allocation-concealed, placebo-controlled, parallel-group superiority trial and economic evaluation. Costs are expressed in Great British pounds and reported in 2016/17 prices. Setting This trial was set in five NHS ambulance services in England and Wales. Participants Adults treated for an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were included. Patients were ineligible if they were pregnant, if they were aged < 16 years, if the cardiac arrest had been caused by anaphylaxis or life-threatening asthma, or if adrenaline had already been given. Interventions Participants were randomised to either adrenaline (1 mg) or placebo in a 1 : 1 allocation ratio by the opening of allocation-concealed treatment packs. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was survival to 30 days. The secondary outcomes were survival to hospital admission, survival to hospital discharge, survival at 3, 6 and 12 months, neurological outcomes and health-related quality of life through to 6 months. The economic evaluation assessed the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year gained from the perspective of the NHS and Personal Social Services. Participants, clinical teams and those assessing patient outcomes were masked to the treatment allocation. Results From December 2014 to October 2017, 8014 participants were assigned to the adrenaline (n = 4015) or to the placebo (n = 3999) arm. At 30 days, 130 out of 4012 participants (3.2%) in the adrenaline arm and 94 out of 3995 (2.4%) in the placebo arm were alive (adjusted odds ratio for survival 1.47, 95% confidence interval 1.09 to 1.97). For secondary outcomes, survival to hospital admission was higher for those receiving adrenaline than for those receiving placebo (23.6% vs. 8.0%; adjusted odds ratio 3.83, 95% confidence interval 3.30 to 4.43). The rate of favourable neurological outcome at hospital discharge was not significantly different between the arms (2.2% vs. 1.9%; adjusted odds ratio 1.19, 95% confidence interval 0.85 to 1.68). The pattern of improved survival but no significant improvement in neurological outcomes continued through to 6 months. By 12 months, survival in the adrenaline arm was 2.7%, compared with 2.0% in the placebo arm (adjusted odds ratio 1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.00 to 1.92). An adjusted subgroup analysis did not identify significant interactions. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for adrenaline was estimated at £1,693,003 per quality-adjusted life-year gained over the first 6 months after the cardiac arrest event and £81,070 per quality-adjusted life-year gained over the lifetime of survivors. Additional economic analyses estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for adrenaline at £982,880 per percentage point increase in overall survival and £377,232 per percentage point increase in neurological outcomes over the first 6 months after the cardiac arrest. Limitations The estimate for survival with a favourable neurological outcome is imprecise because of the small numbers of patients surviving with a good outcome. Conclusions Adrenaline improved long-term survival, but there was no evidence that it significantly improved neurological outcomes. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per quality-adjusted life-year exceeds the threshold of £20,000–30,000 per quality-adjusted life-year usually supported by the NHS. Future work Further research is required to better understand patients’ preferences in relation to survival and neurological outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and to aid interpretation of the trial findings from a patient and public perspective. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN73485024 and EudraCT 2014-000792-11. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 25, No. 25. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information

BCA Syariah VS BCA Konvensional: Analisis Rasio BOPO dan ROA

AbstrakThis study was done to analyze the performance of the two types of banks along with the quick development of Islamic banks as they entered the market and started to compete with conventional banks. The ratios of two PT Bank Central Asia Tbk subsidiaries, conventional BCA and syariah BCA, which operate under distinct operating principles, are compared in this study using a comparative technique. The annual report of BCA provides information on financial ratios for the years 2018 through 2021 where ROA and BOPO ratios are used as research variables in this report. The results showed that there were visible differences in the BOPO ratio of syariah BCA and conventional BCA. BCA syariah BOPO ratios vary from 84% to 88%, while conventional BCA BOPO ratios range from 53% to 60% for the 2018-2021 period. The efficiency of syariah and conventional BCA will also improve in 2021, as shown by a decrease in the BOPO ratio from the previous year, followed by an increase in ROA due to net profit growth. Kata Kunci: BOPO, Conventional BCA, Syariah BCA, RO

Perilaku Bias Investor Kota Batam dalam Berinvestasi Saham

AbstractNaturally, investors in each different country’s market have a distinct ways and process for choosing their decision on investments. Therefore, this study is conducted to examine how Batam City's individual stock investors are influenced psychologically. Using a qualitative methodology to collect primary data obtained from five Batam City stock investors who have knowledge and expertise in finance and stock investing. 7 questions about the investors opinions of their stock investments were asked during the interview. The responses of investors were then analyzed according to the bias behaviour displayed in investing, specifically overconfidence, excessive optimism, psychology of risk, and herding. The results of the study’s findings indicate that the majority of the investors who were surveyed have overconfindence, excessive optimism, and herding. Meanwhile, only one out of every 5 investors showed a loss aversion bias in investing in stocks. Keywords: Overconfidence, Excessive Optimism, Psychology of Risk, Herding, Behavioral Biases AbstrakInvestor di setiap pasar negara yang berbeda, tentunya juga memiliki cara pengambilan keputusan yang berbeda terhadap investasi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan mengkaji faktor psikologis dalam memengaruhi investor saham individual di Kota Batam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengumpulkan data primer yang diperoleh melalui metode wawancara dengan 5 investor saham di Kota Batam yang memiliki pengetahuan dan pengalaman mengenai keuangan dan investasi saham. Dalam wawancara tersebut, diajukan 7 pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan pandangan investor terhadap investasi saham yang dilakukan. Jawaban investor kemudian dianalisis sesuai dengan perilaku bias yang ditunjukkan dalam investasi yakni overconfidence, excessive optimism, psychology of risk, dan herding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa overconfidence, excessive optimism dan herding dimiliki oleh sebagian besar investor yng diwawancarai. Sedangkan hanya 1 dari 5 investor yang menunjukkan adanya bias loss aversion dalam berinvestasi saham.  Kata Kunci: Overconfidence, Excessive Optimism, Psychology of Risk, Herding, Perilaku Bia

Operasional PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk Sebelum, Saat, dan Sesudah Masa Pandemi COVID-19

Dalam era globalisasi yang kompetitif, perusahaan dituntut untuk mampu mengelola operasi bisnisnya dengan baik. Ditambah lagi dengan kondisi pasar yang berubah-ubah akibat masa pandemi Covid-19, maka perusahaan harus adaptif dalam mengelola operasionalnya agar dapat menyesuaikan permintaan serta tantangan-tantangan yang muncul. Dengan begitu, dilakukan analisis terhadap manajemen operasional PT. Astra Agro Lestari Tbk sebelum, saat, dan sesudah masa pandemi Covid-19 mengenai permasalahan dan aktivitas operasional perusahaan tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode studi pustaka dalam mengumpulkan data yang diperoleh dari laporan tahunan perusahaan AALI. Hasil analisis membuktikan bahwa perusahaan AALI sangat stabil dalam menjalankan operasionalnya baik sebelum, saat, maupun sesudah masa pandemi Covid-19. AALI konsisten dalam melakukan manajemen untuk menjaga kualitas bahan baku serta produk yang dihasilkan, mampu menentukan lokasi yang tepat untuk memaksimalkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan efisiensi operasional, serta melakukan integrasi vertikal dalam manajemen rantai pasokannya. Selain itu, AALI juga ikut berkomitmen dalam program-program keberlanjutan