Uniqueness properties for discrete equations and Carleman estimates

Using Carleman estimates, we give a lower bound for solutions to the discrete Schrödinger equation in both dynamic and stationary settings that allows us to prove uniqueness results, under some assumptions on the decay of the solutions

Compresión del nervio supraescapular por un ganglión en un deportista: a propósito de un caso

Se describe el caso de un joven jugador de balonmano con un síndrome de compresión del nervio supraescapular de su hombro derecho por un ganglión, haciendo una revisión de la etiología, clínica, diagnóstico y tratamiento de este raro síndrome.Supraescapular nerve entrapment caused by a ganglion in a young handball player is reported. Ethiology, clinical, diagnosis and treatment of this rare syndrome is revised

Assessing soil erosion after fire and rehabilitation treatments in NW Spain: performance of rusle and revised Morgan-Morgan-Finney models

Although the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and the revised Morgan–Morgan–Finney (MMF) are well‐known models, not much information is available as regards their suitability in predicting post‐fire soil erosion in forest soils. The lack of information is even more pronounced as regards post‐fire rehabilitation treatments. This study compared the soil erosion predicted by the RUSLE and the revised MMF model with the observed values of soil losses, for the first year following fire, in two burned areas in NW of Spain with different levels of fire severity. The applicability of both models to estimate soil losses after three rehabilitation treatments applied in a severely burned area was also tested. The MMF model presented reasonable accuracy in the predictions while the RUSLE clearly overestimated the observed erosion rates. When the R and C factors obtained by the RUSLE formulation were multiplied by 0·7 and 0.865, respectively, the efficiency of the equation improved. Both models showed their capability to be used as operational tools to help managers to determine action priorities in areas of high risk of degradation by erosion after fire.publishe

Effect of a physical education-based dynamic stretching program on hamstring extensibility in female high-school students

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of a dynamic stretching development program followed by a four-week detraining period and maintenance program on hamstring extensibility in a physical education setting. A sample of 108 female high-school students aged 16-17 years from four classes were clustered randomly and assigned to either an experimental or a control group. During physical education sessions, the experimental group students performed a dynamic stretching program twice a week for eight weeks. Subsequently, after a four-week period of detraining, the experimental group students completed a maintenance program twice a week during four weeks. The results of the two-way analysis of variance showed that the physical education-based development program significantly improved students’ hamstring extensibility (p.05), the gains obtained previously were recovered after a four-week maintenance program (p<.001). Hence, a physical education-based dynamic stretching intervention is effective in improving and maintaining hamstring extensibility among female high-school students. However, after four weeks of detraining, students’ flexibility reverts to its baseline levels. These findings could help and guide teachers to design programs that guarantee a feasible and an effective development of flexibility in a physical education setting

¿Cómo cambian los niveles de extensibilidad isquiosural de los estudiantes durante un año académico? Un estudio longitudinal

The main purpose of the present study was to examine the students’ hamstring extensibility levels through an academic year. A sample of 128 11th-grade students from a high school center was assessed by the classic sit-and-reach test in pre-, mid- and post-academic year. The results showed that students’ hamstring extensibility level statistically significantly decreased from pre-academic year (22.1 ± 8.5 cm) to mid- (19.9 ± 8.6 cm; d = -0.26) and post-academic year (18.6 ± 9.3 cm; d = -0.41) (p < 0.001) and from mid-academic year to post-academic year (d = -0.16) (p < 0.001). The results of the McNemar’s test indicated that there was a statistically significant decrease on the proportion of students with normal hamstring extensibility level from pre-academic year to post-academic year (p < 0.05). In conclusion, high-school students lost hamstring extensibility levels during an academic year. As a result of this decrease, the number of students with hamstring extensibility shortening increased by 10.9%. Physical education teachers should implement stretching programs to avoid students’ hamstring extensibility shortening.El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue examinar los niveles de extensibilidad isquiosural de los estudiantes durante un curso académico. Una muestra de 128 estudiantes de 1º de bachillerato de un centro de educación secundaria se evaluó mediante la prueba de classic sit-and-reach al comienzo, mediados y final del curso académico. Los resultados mostraron que el nivel de extensibilidad de isquiosural de los estudiantes disminuyó estadísticamente significativamente desde el comienzo (22,1 ± 8,5 cm) a mediados (19,9 ± 8,6 cm, d = -0,26) y final del año académico (18,6 ± 9,3 cm; d = -0,41) (p < 0,001), y desde mediados al final (d = -0.16) (p < 0,001). Los resultados de la prueba de McNemar indicaron que hubo una disminución estadísticamente significativa en la proporción de estudiantes con un nivel de extensibilidad isquiosural normal desde el comienzo al final del curso académico (p < 0,05). En conclusión, los estudiantes de educación secundaria perdieron niveles de extensibilidad isquiosural durante un curso académico. Como resultado de esta disminución, el número de estudiantes con acortamiento de los músculos isquiosurales aumentó un 10,9%. Los profesores de educación física deberían implementar programas de estiramiento para prevenir el acortamiento de extensibilidad isquiosural de los estudiantes.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

<i>Phaeocystis globosa</i> Virus DNA Polymerase X: a “Swiss Army knife”, Multifunctional DNA polymerase-lyase-ligase for Base Excision Repair

Phaeocystis globosa virus 16T is a giant virus that belongs to the so-called nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA virus (NCLDV) group. Its linear dsDNA genome contains an almost full complement of genes required to participate in viral base excision repair (BER). Among them is a gene coding for a bimodular protein consisting of an N-terminal Polβ-like core fused to a C-terminal domain (PgVPolX), which shows homology with NAD+-dependent DNA ligases. Analysis of the biochemical features of the purified enzyme revealed that PgVPolX is a multifunctional protein that could act as a “Swiss army knife” enzyme during BER since it is endowed with: 1) a template-directed DNA polymerization activity, preferentially acting on DNA structures containing gaps; 2) 5′-deoxyribose-5-phosphate (dRP) and abasic (AP) site lyase activities; and 3) an NAD+-dependent DNA ligase activity. We show how the three activities act in concert to efficiently repair BER intermediates, leading us to suggest that PgVPolX may constitute, together with the viral AP-endonuclease, a BER pathway. This is the first time that this type of protein fusion has been demonstrated to be functional

Efectos de la secuencia incendio-corta a hecho-selección de brotes en la pérdida de nutrientes por escorrentía en una cuenca experimental de E. globulus en Galicia (NW de España)

An experimental study was carried out between 1987 and 1999, to assess the effect of the sequence wildfire-clearfelling-coppice sprout selection thinning, on streamflow nutrient export in a Eucalyptus globulus Labill. watershed in Galicia (NW Spain). The effects of such a sequence on nutrient export via streamflow had not been previously evaluated. A wildfire in 1989 caused a significant increase in nutrient exports in streamflow during the following two years. No significant effect was observed the third year after wildfire. After clearfelling in 1992, inputs via precipitation compensated for nutrient exports in streamflow, except for K the first year following harvest and NO3- during the three years after this operation. Coppice sprout selection thinning in 1995 had less effect on nutrient exports than wildfire or harvest. The results presented here could may help in evaluating the effects of current intensive forest management and perturbations that affect eucalypt stands in NW Spain.Se ha desarrollado un estudio entre 1987 y 1999 para evaluar el efecto de la secuencia incendio-corta a hecho-selección de brotes sobre la pérdida de nutrientes por escorrentía en una cuenca experimental de Eucalyptus globulus Labill. en Galicia (NW España). Esos efectos no habían sido evaluados hasta ahora. Un incendio en 1989 causó un aumento significativo de las pérdidas de nutrientes por escorrentía durante los dos años siguientes. Ningún efecto era apreciable al tercer año del incendio. Después de la corta a hecho del arbolado quemado en 1992, las entradas por precipitación compensaron las pérdidas por escorrentía, a excepción del K el primer año después de esta operación y del NO3- durante los tres años siguientes. La selección de brotes ejecutada en 1995 tuvo un efecto mucho menor en las pérdidas de nutrientes por escorrentía que el incendio o la corta. Los resultados que se presentan en este trabajo pueden ayudar a los gestores a evaluar los efectos del manejo intensivo y de las perturbaciones que afectan a las masas de eucalipto en el NW de España

Ausencia de efectos en los balances de nutrientes después de defoliación por insectos en una cuenca

Nutrient export via streamflow after the defoliation by Gonipterus scutellatus Gill. in a Eucalyptus globulus Labill. watershed in Galicia (NW Spain) was monitored from 1999 to 2006. The effects of such defoliation on nutrients balance had not been previously evaluated. Insect defoliation caused no significant changes in streamflow nutrient concentrations during the period of study compared with the pre-perturbation period and nutrient exports in streamflow were compensated via precipitation in all cases. The results presented here show that in spite of the reduction in E.globulus growth caused by the defoliation, nutrient balances were positive, suggesting a minor impact in the soil-plant system nutrient budget.Se ha desarrollado un estudio entre 1999 y 2006 para evaluar el efecto de la defoliación por Gonypterus scutellatus Gill. sobre la pérdida de nutrientes por escorrentía en una cuenca experimental de Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Galicia (NW España). Esos efectos no habían sido evaluados hasta ahora. La defoliación no causó variaciones significativas en las concentraciones de nutrientes durante el período de estudio en relación con el período pre-perturbación y las entradas de nutrientes por precipitación compensaron las salidas de nutrientes por escorrentía en todos los casos. Los resultados que se presentan en este trabajo muestran que a pesar de la reducción en el crecimiento de E.globulus causado por la defoliación, los balances de nutrientes fueron positivos, sugiriendo un impacto menor en el balance de nutrientes del sistema suelo-planta

Performance Analysis of a Parallel Discrete Model for the Simulation of Laser Dynamics

This paper presents an analysis on the performance of a parallel implementation of a discrete model of laser dynamics, which is based on cellular automata. The performance of a 2D parallel version of the model is studied as a rst step to test the feasibility of a parallel 3D version, which is needed to simulate speci c laser systems. The 3D version will have to run on a parallel computer due to its runtime and memory requirements. The model has been implemented on a Beowulf Cluster using the message passing paradigm. The parallel implementation is found to exhibit a good speedup, allowing us to run realistic simulations of laser systems on clusters of workstations, which could not be afforded on an individual machine due to the extensive runtime and memory size needed.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIC2002-04498-C05-0

Pseudotumor de pisiforme: a propósito de 1 caso

Se presenta 1 caso de pseudotumor del pisiforme con dolor crónico en eminencia hipotenar y compresión del nervio cubital en un varón de 33 años. El diagnóstico histológico definitivo fue de callo hipertrófico con degeneración cartilaginosa focal del hueso pisiforme. Se presupone el origen laboral de la lesión, secundaria a microtraumatismos repetidos por martillo neumático. Se practicó exéresis simple del hueso, con un resultado excelente a los 6 meses. Los autores piensan que el tratamiento de elección hubiera sido la inmovilización precoz al comienzo de la sintomatología.A case of pseudotumor of the pisiform vvith cronic pain in the hipothenar eminence and compression neuropathy of the ulnar nerve in Guyon's canal in a 33 year old man is reported. Pathologic diagnosis was consistent vvith hypertrophic fracture callus and focal degenerative changes in the articular surface of the pisiform. Repetitive minor trauma in his job as a miner, while using pneumatic hammer is presumed to be the main etiologic factor. Simple excision of the pisiform was performed vvith excelent functional result at 6 months. The authors believe that early inmobilization when the symptoms started, vvould have been the ideal treatmen