Parenting Style and Anti-social Behavior: An Exploratory Study of Secondary School Students

The primal objective of present study was to investigate the relationship of parenting style with secondary school students’ antisocial behaviour. Population of the study consisted of all students enrolled in public secondary schools of the Sahiwal division. Random sampling technique was employed for sample selection. Researchers selected all three districts of Sahiwal division i.e. Pakpattan, Okara and Sahiwal. Eight schools from each district were randomly selected as sample of the study. Data were collected from 190 male (95 urban and 95 rural) and 200 female (100 urban and 100 rural) students by using two questionnaires viz.  Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) and Sub-Types of Antisocial Behaviour (STAB). Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for data analysis. Pearson r was run to analyze the data. It was inferred from  analysis that majority of public secondary schools students perceive fathers’ parenting style to be authoritarian and mothers’ to be authoritative. No significant correlation was found between authoritative parenting style and students’ antisocial behaviour. Authoritarian as well as permissive parenting styles were significantly correlated with students’ antisocial behaviour. To conclude, both authoritarian and permissive parenting styles are the major contributors to lead students towards antisocial behaviour. It is recommended that parents should employ authoritative parenting style in rearing their childre

Parenting Style and Anti-social Behavior: An Exploratory Study of Secondary School Students

The primal objective of present study was to investigate the relationship of parenting style with secondary school students’ antisocial behaviour. Population of the study consisted of all students enrolled in public secondary schools of the Sahiwal division. Random sampling technique was employed for sample selection. Researchers selected all three districts of Sahiwal division i.e. Pakpattan, Okara and Sahiwal. Eight schools from each district were randomly selected as sample of the study. Data were collected from 190 male (95 urban and 95 rural) and 200 female (100 urban and 100 rural) students by using two questionnaires viz.  Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) and Sub-Types of Antisocial Behaviour (STAB). Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for data analysis. Pearson r was run to analyze the data. It was inferred from  analysis that majority of public secondary schools students perceive fathers’ parenting style to be authoritarian and mothers’ to be authoritative. No significant correlation was found between authoritative parenting style and students’ antisocial behaviour. Authoritarian as well as permissive parenting styles were significantly correlated with students’ antisocial behaviour. To conclude, both authoritarian and permissive parenting styles are the major contributors to lead students towards antisocial behaviour. It is recommended that parents should employ authoritative parenting style in rearing their childre

Predicting the effect of voids on mechanical properties of woven composites.

An accurate yet easy to use methodology for determining the effective mechanical properties of woven fabric reinforced composites is presented. The approach involves generating a representative unit cell geometry based on randomly selected 2D orthogonal slices from a 3D X-ray micro-tomographic scan. Thereafter, the finite element mesh is generated from this geometry. Analytical and statistical micromechanics equations are then used to calculate effective input material properties for the yarn and resin regions within the FE mesh. These analytical expressions account for the effect of resin volume fraction within the yarn (due to infiltration during curing) as well as the presence of voids within the composite. The unit cell model is then used to evaluate the effective properties of the composite.DelPHE 780 Project funded by UK Department of International Development (DFID), through British Council managed DelPHE scheme

Machine learning-based assessment and simulation of land use modification effects on seasonal and annual land surface temperature variations

Rapid urban sprawl adversely impacts the local climate and the ecosystem components. Islamabad, one of South Asia's green and environment-friendly capitals, has experienced major Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes over the past three decades consequently, elevating the seasonal and annual Land Surface Temperature (LST) in planned and unplanned urban areas. The focus of this study was to quantify the fluctuations in LULC and LST in planned and unplanned urban areas using Landsat data and Machine Learning algorithms involving the Support Vector Machine (SVM) over the 1990–2020 data period. Moreover, hybrid Cellular Automata-Markov (CA-Markov) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models were employed to project the future changes in LULC and annual LST, respectively, for the years 2035 and 2050. The findings of the study reveal a distinct difference in seasonal and annual LST in planned and unplanned areas. Results showed an increase of ∼22 % in the built-up area but vegetation and bare soil decreased by ∼10 % and ∼12 %, respectively. Built-up land showed a maximum annual mean LST followed by bare-soil and vegetative surfaces. Seasonal analysis showed that summer months experience the highest LST, followed by spring, autumn and winter. Future projections revealed that the built-up areas (∼27 % in 2020) are likely to increase to ∼37 % and ∼50 %, and the areas under the highest annual mean LST class i.e., ≥28 °C are likely to increase to ∼19 % and ∼21 % in planned, and ∼38 % and ∼42 % in unplanned urban areas for the years 2035 and 2050, respectively. Planned areas have better temperature control with urban green spaces, and controlled infrastructure. The Capital Development Authority of Islamabad may be advised to control the expansion of built-up areas, grow urban forests, and thus mitigate the possible Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE AND TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE IN SPECIAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The study is designed to know the relationship between organizational justice and teachers’ performance in special education institutions. Survey questionnaire was adopted to conduct the research. All teachers from the special education institutions of three randomly selected divisions of Punjab province constituted the population of the study. Cluster sampling technique was used to determine these Divisions i.e Multan, Rawalpindi and D.G Khan. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire in which respondents were asked to respond at 5-point likert type questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed using statistics on S.P.S.S 20. Pearson moments correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results of the study revealed that organizational justice has a positive relationship with teachers’ performance. Conclusions were drawn on the basis of findings. At the end, recommendations were given for betterment of special education institutions