Drug Sale and Manufacture Arrests Reported in Alaska, 1986–2017

Underlying data is available in both Excel and PDF format. (Download below.)This fact sheet presents data on drug sale and manufacture arrests reported by Alaska law enforcement agencies for the 32-year period 1986 to 2017. Overall, the drug sale and manufacture arrest rate consistently declined between 1997 and 2017. The lowest recorded overall drug sale and manufacture arrest rate was in 2017. While drug sale and manufacture arrest rates for females and juveniles were relatively stable, arrest rates for males and adults showed a pronounced decrease. Data is drawn from the annual Crime in Alaska report of the Alaska Department of Public Safety, which represents the State of Alaska's contribution to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) program.Drug sale and manufacture arrests / Overall drug sale and manufacture arrest rates / Arrest rates by sex / Arrest rates by age / Summary / Note

Drug Sale and Manufacture Arrests Reported in Alaska, 1986–2017 — Drug Types by Sex

Underlying data is available in both Excel and PDF format. (Download below.)This fact sheet presents data on drug sale and manufacture arrests by type of drug and sex of arrestee as reported by Alaska law enforcement agencies for the 32-year period 1986 to 2017. Types of drugs include narcotics, synthetic narcotics, marijuana, and other non-narcotic drugs. Overall, males comprise roughly three-fourths of the total drug sale and manufacture arrests in the state of Alaska. The female and male rates parallel one another in that they rise and fall at the same points in most years. For all drugs, the difference between female and male arrest rates in 2017 are smaller than in 1986. Data is drawn from the annual Crime in Alaska report of the Alaska Department of Public Safety, which represents the State of Alaska's contribution to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) program.Drug sale and manufacture arrests / Narcotics arrest rates by sex / Marijuana arrest rates by sex / Synthetic narcotics arrest rates by sex / Other non-narcotics arrest rates by sex / Summary / Note

Drug Possession Arrests Reported in Alaska, 1986–2017

Underlying data is available in both Excel and PDF format. (Download below.)This fact sheet presents data on drug sale possession arrests reported by Alaska law enforcement agencies for the 32-year period 1986 to 2017. Overall, the drug possession arrest rate plateaued be-tween 1998 and 2010, consistently declined from 2010 to 2016, and slightly increased in 2017. The lowest recorded overall drug possession arrest rate was in 1990. Rates increased from 1986 through 1998, then de-clined for all populations from 2010 to 2016. The adult and male populations drive the overall trend in arrest rates, accounting for roughly four out of every five arrestees during this 32-year period. The trend shows less discrepancy in arrest rates be-tween males and females, as well as between adults and juveniles after 2010. Data is drawn from the annual Crime in Alaska report of the Alaska Department of Public Safety, which represents the State of Alaska's contribution to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) program.Drug possession arrests / Overall drug possession arrest rates / Arrest rates by sex / Arrest rates by age / Summary / Note

Drug Possession Arrests Reported in Alaska, 1986–2017 — Drug Types by Sex

Underlying data is available in both Excel and PDF format. (Download below.)This fact sheet presents data on drug possession arrests by type of drug and sex of arrestee as reported by Alaska law enforcement agencies for the 32-year period 1986 to 2017. Types of drugs include narcotics, synthetic narcotics, marijuana, and other non-narcotic drugs. Overall, males comprise roughly four out of five drug possession arrests in the state of Alaska. The female and male rates parallel one another in that they rise and fall at the same points in most years. In 2002, the synthetic narcotics and other non-narcotics possession arrest rates sharply increased for both males and females until the mid-2000s before a sharp decline and subsequent increase. Marijuana possession, the offense with the highest arrest rates, peaked at 90.4 per 100,000 female residents and 324.9 per 100,000 male residents. Synthetic narcotics possession, the offense with the lowest arrest rates, peaked at 13.8 per 100,000 female residents and 29.8 per 100,000 male residents. Narcotics possession is the only offense that peaked before 2000. Data is drawn from the annual Crime in Alaska report of the Alaska Department of Public Safety, which represents the State of Alaska's contribution to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) program.Drug possession arrests / Narcotics arrest rates by sex / Marijuana arrest rates by sex / Synthetic narcotics arrest rates by sex / Other non-narcotics arrest rates by sex / Summary / Note

Vertical Stacked Field Effect Transistor

The move from planar to FinFET technology is expected to continue in the future. Current options include Nanosheet, Forksheet and Vertical FET architectures. While vertical FET is attractive, the footprint is currently too large. Improvement of the footprint of vertical FETs can be achieved if the vertical transistors can be stacked on top of each other with an easy integration path. The present disclosure relates to an integration solution allowing two vertical FET transistors to be stacked on top of each other using a monolithic process integration flow

Control of Dairy Livestock Pests in South Dakota -- 1965

Control of dairy livestock pests in South Dakota in 1965 addresses sanitation, back rubbers, barn treatment for residual fly control, special precautions, baits, treated strips, barn fogging or misting, and, milk rooms. Includes a table of recommendations for insect control

A Fair View: The Connection Between PBIS and Title I

This presentation offers a Title I school\u27s early implementation of Positive Behavior Interventions & Supports (PBIS). Initial focus will apply to the universal (Tier I) application, where a shared leadership model utilized the collective experiences of educators and school-based mental health professionals. Secondary discussions will highlight the importance of community-based involvement, with primary examples noted in state-level representatives. Additional topics will highlight the use of the Second Step Curriculum in instilling self-regulation and social skills at a Title I school. This will accompany particular strategies employed in various settings in the school setting (e.g., classroom, cafeteria, hallways, etc.). Participants will witness a modeling of examples for classroom and home use. Final discussions will focus on the cultural components of implementing a PBIS framework. This will involve a year-to-year comparison of office disciplinary referrals (ODRs). Implications for future practice will be offered in a Q&A session

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior Increases Resistance to Extinction: Clinical Demonstration, Animal Modeling, and Clinical Test of One Solution

Basic research with pigeons on behavioral momentum suggests that differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) can increase the resistance of target behavior to change. This finding suggests that clinical applications of DRA may inadvertently increase the persistence of target behavior even as it decreases its frequency. We conducted three coordinated experiments to test whether DRA has persistence-strengthening effects on clinically significant target behavior and then tested the effectiveness of a possible solution to this problem in both a nonhuman and clinical study. Experiment 1 compared resistance to extinction following baseline rates of reinforcement versus higher DRA rates of reinforcement in a clinical study. Resistance to extinction was substantially greater following DRA. Experiment 2 tested a rat model of a possible solution to this problem. Training an alternative response in a context without reinforcement of the target response circumvented the persistence-strengthening effects of DRA. Experiment 3 translated the rat model into a novel clinical application of DRA. Training an alternative response with DRA in a separate context resulted in lower resistance to extinction than employing DRA in the context correlated with reinforcement of target behavior. The value of coordinated bidirectional translational research is discusse

The relation of C - reactive protein to chronic kidney disease in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>African Americans have an increased incidence and worse prognosis with chronic kidney disease (CKD - estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <60 ml/min/1.73 m²) than their counterparts of European-descent. Inflammation has been related to renal disease in non-Hispanic whites, but there are limited data on the role of inflammation in renal dysfunction in African Americans in the community.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We examined the cross-sectional relation of log transformed C-reactive protein (CRP) to renal function (eGFR by Modification of Diet and Renal Disease equation) in African American participants of the community-based Jackson Heart Study's first examination (2000 to 2004). We conducted multivariable linear regression relating CRP to eGFR adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, diabetes, total/HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, smoking, antihypertensive therapy, lipid lowering therapy, hormone replacement therapy, and prevalent cardiovascular disease events. In a secondary analysis we assessed the association of CRP with albuminuria (defined as albumin-to-creatinine ratio > 30 mg/g).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Participants (n = 4320, 63.2% women) had a mean age ± SD of 54.0 ± 12.8 years. The prevalence of CKD was 5.2% (n = 228 cases). In multivariable regression, CRP concentrations were higher in those with CKD compared to those without CKD (mean CRP 3.2 ± 1.1 mg/L vs. 2.4 ± 1.0 mg/L, respectively p < 0.0001). CRP was significantly associated with albuminuria in sex and age adjusted model however not in the multivariable adjusted model (p > 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>CRP was associated with CKD however not albuminuria in multivariable-adjusted analyses. The study of inflammation in the progression of renal disease in African Americans merits further investigation.</p

Burden of Rare Sarcomere Gene Variants in the Framingham and Jackson Heart Study Cohorts

Rare sarcomere protein variants cause dominant hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies. To evaluate whether allelic variants in eight sarcomere genes are associated with cardiac morphology and function in the community, we sequenced 3,600 individuals from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) and Jackson Heart Study (JHS) cohorts. Out of the total, 11.2% of individuals had one or more rare nonsynonymous sarcomere variants. The prevalence of likely pathogenic sarcomere variants was 0.6%, twice the previous estimates; however, only four of the 22 individuals had clinical manifestations of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Rare sarcomere variants were associated with an increased risk for adverse cardiovascular events (hazard ratio: 2.3) in the FHS cohort, suggesting that cardiovascular risk assessment in the general population can benefit from rare variant analysis