A STUDY OF VISUAL MOTOR SKILLS OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

The study goal is to analyze visual-motor skills of special education needs and variables that are considered to affect visual-motor skills, including age, gender, disability type, family kind, and number of children in the family. It was a descriptive model with 140 special education needs in Edirne territory Individual information form and Wide Range Assessment of Visual Motor Ability (WRAVMA) Test which was developed by Wayne Adams and David Sheslow in 1995 and adapted by Bektaş and Ercan (2021) were accustomed to collect facts. Study facts were analysed by means of a statistics pack program. Study results indicate that mean scores of children with special needs in WRAVMA are 11.21 in the drawing sub-test, 52.09 in the matching sub-test and 53.01 in pegboard sub-test. Study findings indicate that children’s visual-motor skills are not correlated with their age, diagnosis (p>0.05), but they are correlated with age in the matching sub-test, family kind in drawing and matching sub-tests and number of children in the family in matching and pegboard sub-tests (p0.05).  Article visualizations

ÇALIŞANLARIN DUYGUSAL BAĞLILIKLARININ SAĞLANMASINDA CONGER VE KANUNGO’NUN KARİZMATİK LİDER ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ETKİLERİÜZERİNE KARAMAN VE AKSARAY EMNİYET MÜDÜRLÜKLERİNDE YAPILAN BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Karizmatik liderlik ve örgütsel bağlılık son 30 yıldan bu yana başta örgütsel davranışolmak üzere sosyoloji, psikoloji ve yönetim bilimi gibi disiplinler tarafından incelenmektedir Bu çalışmada karizmatik liderlik ,Conger ve Kanungo`nun karizmatik liderlik teorisi, duygusal baglılık ve duygusal baglılıgıetkileyen faktörler, karizmatik lider özellikleri ve karizmatik lider özellikleriyle duygusal baglılık arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir

Determining of Factors Affecting the Reading Habits of Preschool Teacher Candidates (A Trakya University Sample)

Bu araştırmada Okul Öncesi Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı'nda öğrenim gören öğretmen adaylarının kitap okuma alışkanlıklarının ve okuma alışkanlığını etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Temel Eğitim Bölümü Okul Öncesi Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı I. ve II. öğretimine devam eden 538 öğretmen adayından, araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 389 öğretmen adayı oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada öğretmen adaylarına; demografik bilgileri elde etmek amacıyla araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan "Genel Bilgi Formu" ile öğretmen adaylarının okuma alışkanlığına yönelik tutumlarını incelemek amacıyla Susar Kırmızı (2012) tarafından geliştirilen "Öğretmen Adaylarının Kitap Okuma Alışkanlığına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği" uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının kitap okuma alışkanlıklarının yaşa, cinsiyete ve sınıf düzeyine göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı faklılık gösterdiği (p<.001), öğretim türü, sosyo-ekonomik düzey, anne ve babanın eğitim seviyesi ile okul öncesi eğitim alıp almama değişkenlerine göre ise istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık göstermediği bulunmuştur.This research aims at investigating reading habits of preschool teacher candidates and determining of factors influencing their reading habits. 538 teacher candidates, who are enrolled in I. and II. Preschool Education Department in Faculty of Education, Trakya University, participitated in this study. The targeted study sample included 389 teacher candidates who agreed to take part in this research voluntariely. In the study, &quot;General Information Questionnaire&quot;, prepared by the researcher to obtain demographic information about teacher candidates, and &quot;Teacher Candidates' Attitudes towards Reading Habit Scale&quot;, developed by Susar Kırmızı (2012), were applied to participants. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze obtained data. The results reveal that preschool teacher candidates' reading habits show statistically significant difference (p&lt;.001, p&lt;.05) with age, gender, and grade level whereas, the type of education, socioeconomic status, parents' education level, and preschool education background of teacher candidates demonstrate no statistically significant difference in their reading habits

Charakter wzrostu gruczolaków przysadki typu prolactinoma zależy od stężenia prolaktyny i płci pacjentów, ale nie od wartości wskaźnika Ki-67

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of some clinical and pathological features of prolactinomas on tumour behaviour.Material and methods: The study included 113 patients with prolactinoma (27 male, 86 female), with a mean age at diagnosis of 34.4 ± 10.0 years (40.3 ± 12.6 in males, 32.6 ± 8.3 in females). Patients were grouped as invasive or non-invasive according to radiological imaging findings. Ki-67 levels were evaluated if possible.Results: The mean adenoma size (longest dimension) was 38.6 ± 21.6 mm and 10.8 ± 9.4 mm in male and female patients. Pre-treatment serum levels of prolactin were defined as mean 1,926 ± 6,662 ng/mL in all, 124.8 ± 63.4 and 4,675 ± 10,049 ng/mL in the noninvasive and invasive groups (p &lt; 0.05). A positive correlation was found between the serum levels of prolactin and tumour size. The rate of patients with Ki-67 ≥ 0.03 was 37.5% and 47.8% in the noninvasive and invasive groups. The reduction rates were 60.8% and 80.4% in tumour sizes and 81.1% and 93.8% in prolactin level in the noninvasive and invasive groups, respectively, (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusions: We found a strong correlation between prolactin levels and invasiveness in male patients compared to females. Ki-67 index was not found to have a place in defining the prognosis.Wstęp: Celem badania była analiza zależności pomiędzy wybranymi danymi klinicznymi i cechami patomorfologicznymi a przebiegiem klinicznym u pacjentów z gruczolakiem przysadki wydzielającym prolaktynę (prolactinoma)/lub z gruczolakiem prolaktynowym przysadki.Materiał i metody: Do badania włączono 113 pacjentów, u których rozpoznano guzy typu prolactinoma (27 mężczyzn, 86 kobiet). Średni wiek pacjentów w momencie rozpoznania wynosił 34,4 ± 10,0 lat (40,3 ± 12,6 u mężczyzn, 32,6 ± 8,3 u kobiet). Na podstawie badań obrazowych/badań radiologicznych guzów pacjentów podzielono na dwie grupy — z gruczolakami inwazyjnymi i gruczolakami nieinwazyjnymi. Wskaźnik Ki-67 oceniono w tych preparatch, gdzie było to możliwe.Wyniki: Średni wymiar gruczolaka (mierzony według najdłuższej osi) wyniósł 38,6 ± 21,6 mm u mężczyzn i 10,8 ± 9,4 mm u kobiet. Średnie stężenie prolaktyny w surowicy przed leczeniem wynosiło 1926 ± 6662 ng/ml w całej grupie badanej, 124,8 ± 63,4 w grupie guzów nienaciekających i 4675 ± 10049 ng/ml w przypadku guzów naciekających (p &lt; 0,05). Stwierdzono istnienie dodatniej zależności pomiędzy stężeniem prolaktyny w surowicy i wymiarem guza. Odsetki pacjentów, u których wartość wskaźnika Ki-67 była duża (≥ 0,03) wyniosły odpowiednio 37,5% w grupie guzów nienaciekających i 47,8% w grupie guzów naciekających. W grupie nowotworów nienaciekających zmniejszenie wymiarów gruczolaka nastąpiło u 60,8% a zmniejszenie stężenia prolaktyny u 81,1% pacjentów, natomiast w grupie guzów naciekających odpowiednie wartości wyniosły 80,4% i 93,8% (p &lt; 0,05).Wnioski: U mężczyzn stwierdzono istnienie wyraźnej zależności pomiędzy stężeniem prolaktyny w surowicy a charakterem naciekającym guza, czego nie wykazano u kobiet. Wskaźnik Ki-67 nie miał związku z charakterem wzrostu guza

Binaların Deprem Risk Durumlarının Çok Faktörlü Bir Modelle Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışmada, Sakarya İli, Akyazı ilçe merkezinde 1967-1999 depremleri arasında yapılan 12 eski binanın deprem risk durumları çok faktörlü bir model ile belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla, ilk olarak yerinde inceleme ve gözlem yapılarak öncelik sırasına göre riskli olduğu düşünülen binalar tespit edilmiştir. İkinci aşamada, bu yapılar çok faktörlü P-25 metodu ile değerlendirilmiş ve yapıların ilk deprem risk puanları oluşturulmuştur. Üçüncü aşamada ise riskli olduğu belirlenen yapıların mimari ve statik projeleri de incelenerek puanlandırılmış ve toplam risk puanları elde edilmiştir. Buna göre binaların yaklaşık %8’ inin düşük riskli, %58’nin orta riskli ve %34’ünün de yüksek riskli olduğu, orta ve yüksek riskli binaların ise toplamda %92 oranında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar dikkate alınarak Akyazı ilçesinde kentsel dönüşüm çalışmalarına riskli olan binaların olduğu alanlardan başlanılması, olası bir depremde can ve mal kayıplarını önlenmesi, bu çalışmanın deprem bölgelerinde örnek olarak uygulanması, benzer yerleşim alanlarındaki yapıların muhtemel Deprem Risk durumlarının tespit edilerek bu yerler için kentsel dönüşüme katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır

Assessment of impaired glucose tolerance prevalence with hemoglobin A(1c) and oral glucose tolerance test in 252 Turkish women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a prospective, controlled study

What is the prevalence of abnormalities in glucose metabolism in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and controls in a Turkish population? The total prevalence of glucose abnormalities in PCOS patients was 16.3 [impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) 14.3; type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 2] and was higher than in healthy subjects (IGT 8.5; T2DM 0, respectively). One of the most common markers of chronic glycemia is hemoglobin Alc (HbA(1c)). However, little is known about whether the use of HbA(1c) results in diagnosis of more cases of glucose intolerance in the PCOS population than the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) alone. This was a prospective study, including 252 women with PCOS and 117 control women without PCOS. The study was carried out in the gynecological outpatient department of Namik Kemal University Hospital, Turkey, between 2010 and 2012. Women with PCOS (n 252) were diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria. The control group included 117 women (aged 1745 years) who were selected randomly. BMI of participants ranged between 15.6 and 47.9 kg/m(2). Patients with PCOS were comparable to controls in terms of age (24.8 versus 25.9 years, respectively) and had higher BMI (26.1 versus 24.9 kg/m(2), respectively). Of 252 patients with PCOS, 41 had glucose intolerance (IGT 14.3; T2DM 2) when compared with 10 of the 117 control patients (IGT 8.5; T2DM 0; odds ratios 2.08; P 0.045) during the OGTT. When an HbA(1c) value 5.6 was used to divide the total population, the prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism was 7.9 in the patients with PCOS, below the value detected in the control patients (8.5), which showed that 20 of 41 patients with abnormal glucose tolerance would not have been diagnosed, if the HbA(1c) alone had been used. When compared with the OGTT results, HbA(1c) provided 52.4 sensitivity, 74.4 specificity, 67.1 positive and 60.9 negative predictive values with a threshold value of 5.6 in abnormal glucose tolerance. The receiver operating characteristic analysis suggested a threshold value of 5.35 in HbA(1c) (75.6 sensitivity and 52.6 specificity) for the prediction of abnormal glucose tolerance. This study did not involve weight-matched healthy subjects, which may cause a difference in prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism between the groups, and the results are limited to an unselected population of patients who have the full PCOS phenotype. In addition, the incidence of T2DM among the first-degree relatives and 2-h insulin levels could not be reported in full. Further investigation of the efficacy of HbA(1c) for the prediction of abnormal glucose tolerance should be undertaken in long-term prospective studies and in different geographic populations. At present, the only way to reliably detect abnormal glucose metabolism in Turkish women with PCOS appears to be using the OGTT. No financial support. The authors have no competing interests to declare. Not applicable

Fen Bilimleri Öğretmenleri için “Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi Temelli Argümantasyon Uygulamaları” Eğitiminin Değerlendirilmesi

In science education, creating learning environments supported with technology and students’ use of theory-evidence coordination when expressing their ideas is emphasized regarding the development of students’ scientific reasoning, critical thinking, decision making skills, and etc. In this process, great responsibilities are fallen to teachers as planner and designer of a learning environment. In this study, it is aimed to assess the training which aims the development of science teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) through argumentation practices. In this context; this study evaluated the science teachers’ argumentation skills, self-efficacy perceptions towards TPACK and the teachers’ views about the training. 37 science teachers working at different cities in Turkey participated in the one group pre-test post-test experimental training study, which was lasted 54 hours during a week. The training is composed of both hand and minds on argumentation practices based on TPACK. The participants joined different activities such as collaborative group works, drama, modeling, thematic games, art activities, problem-based learning, field trips, observation and workshops. In the study, Argumentation Test, TPACK Self-Efficacy Belief Scale were used as data collection tools. At the end of the training written views of science teachers towards activities were taken. In the light of the findings, this training was effective on the participants’ self-efficacy levels towards technological pedagogical content knowledge. Moreover, this training resulted in a positive change in the participants’ views about how a statement could be accepted as an argument. However, the increase in scores of argumentation skills was not significant. Additionally almost all of the participants stated that they found the activities useful and can use in their classes. By considering these results, some suggestions were given.Fen eğitiminde teknoloji ile desteklenmiş öğrenme ortamları oluşturulmasına, öğrencilerin düşüncelerini ifade ederken bilimsel kuram-kanıt koordinasyonu kurabilme, bilimsel akıl yürütme, eleştirel düşünme, karar verme vb. becerilerinin geliştirilmesine vurgu yapılmaktadır. Bu süreçte öğretme ortamı planlayıcısı ve tasarlayıcısı olarak fen bilimleri öğretmenlerine büyük sorumluluklar düşmektedir. Bu çalışmada, fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin teknolojik pedagojik alan bilgilerinin(TPAB) argümantasyon uygulamaları yoluyla geliştirilmesini amaçlayan eğitim değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda; fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin argümantasyon becerileri, TPAB ‘a yönelik öz-yeterlik algıları ve öğretmenlerin verilen eğitime yönelik görüşleri incelenmiştir. Tek grup ön-test son-test deneysel modele dayanan çalışmaya bir hafta boyunca yaklaşık 54 saat süren eğitim sürecinde Türkiye’nin çeşitli illerinde görev yapmakta olan 37 fen bilimleri öğretmeni katılmıştır. Eğitim sırasında öğretmenlerin TPAB ekseninde fen bilimleri eğitiminde kullanılabilecek argümantasyon uygulamalarını deneyimlemeleri sağlanmıştır. Katılımcıların yer aldığı uygulamalar işbirliğine dayalı grup çalışmaları, drama, modelleme, tematik oyunlar, sanatsal faaliyetler, probleme dayalı öğrenme, arazi gezileri ve gözlem ile atölye çalışmalarını içermektedir. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak ön ve son testlerde Argümantasyon Testi ve TPAB Özyeterlik Ölçeği uygulanmış, çalışma sonunda ayrıca katılımcıların uygulamaya yönelik görüşleri yazılı olarak alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ışığında uygulanan eğitimin katılımcıların teknolojik pedagojik alan bilgisi öz-yeterliklerini anlamlı şekilde olumlu etkilediği bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte uygulanan eğitimin katılımcıların bir ifadeyi “nasıl” argüman olarak kabul ettiklerine yönelik görüşlerinde olumlu değişim gözlenmiştir. Argümantasyon becerilerinde görülen puan artışının ise anlamlı olmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların tamamına yakını eğitimi yararlı bulduklarını ve eğitimde öğrendiklerini sınıf içi uygulamalarında kullanabileceklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Bu sonuçlar dikkate alınarak öğretmenlere yönelik yapılacak argümantasyon ve TPAB uygulamalarına yönelik bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur

Increased cerebral blood flow in the right anterior cingulate cortex and fronto-orbital cortex during go/no-go task in children with ADHD

Objective Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a relatively new imaging modality in the field of the cognitive neuroscience. In the present study, we aimed to compare the dynamic regional cerebral blood flow alterations of children with ADHD and healthy controls during a neurocognitive task by using event-related ASL scanning. Methods The study comprised of 17 healthy controls and 20 children with ADHD. The study subjects were scanned on 3 Tesla MRI scanner to obtain ASL imaging data. Subjects performed go/no-go task during the ASL image acquisition. The image analyses were performed by FEAT (fMRI Expert Analysis Tool) Version 6. Results The mean age was 10.88 +/- 1.45 and 11 +/- 1.91 for the control and ADHD group, respectively (p = .112). The go/no-go task was utilized during the ASL scanning. The right anterior cingulate cortex (BA32) extending into the frontopolar and orbitofrontal cortices (BA10 and 11) displayed greater activation in ADHD children relative to the control counterparts (p < .001). With a lenient significance threshold, greater activation was revealed in the right-sided frontoparietal regions during the go session, and in the left precuneus during the no-go session. Conclusion These results indicate that children with ADHD needed to over-activate frontopolar cortex, anterior cingulate as well as the dorsal and ventral attention networks to compensate for the attention demanded in a given cognitive task

DRD4 genotyping may differentiate symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sluggish cognitive tempo

Objective: Studies to reduce the heterogeneity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have increased interest in the concept of sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT). The aim of this study was to investigate if the prevalence of two variable-number tandem repeats (VNTRs) located within the 30 -untranslated region of the DAT1 gene and in exon 3 of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene differ among four groups (31 subjects with SCT but no ADHD, 146 individuals with ADHD but no SCT, 67 subjects with SCT + ADHD, and 92 healthy controls). Methods: We compared the sociodemographic profiles, neurocognitive domains, and prevalence of two VNTRs in SCT and ADHD subjects versus typically developing (TD) controls. Results: The SCT without ADHD group had a higher proportion of females and lower parental educational attainment. Subjects in this group performed worse on neuropsychological tests, except for psychomotor speed and commission errors, compared to controls. However, the ADHD without SCT group performed significantly worse on all neuropsychological domains than controls. We found that 4R homozygosity for the DRD4 gene was most prevalent in the ADHD without SCT group. The SCT without ADHD group had the highest 7R allele frequency, differing significantly from the ADHD without SCT group. Conclusion: The 7R allele of DRD4 gene was found to be significantly more prevalent in SCT cases than in ADHD cases. No substantial neuropsychological differences were found between SCT and ADHD subjects