Données et métadonnées : transfert de valeur au cœur de la stratégie des médias

Lors de la conférence SemTech, le grand rassemblement annuel des experts des technologies sémantiques, le New York Times a fait une annonce fracassante qui a été saluée par tous. Le New York Times publiera sous peu son corpus sous forme de linked data (données liées), une méthode qui consiste à permettre aux données en rapport les unes avec les autres de se lier entre elles, là où il n’existait pas de lien auparavant. Les données du New York Times rejoindront celles du Projet Gutenberg, une v..

Energy and Antioxidant Responses of Pacific Oyster Exposed to Trace Levels of Pesticides

International audienceHere, we assess the physiological effects induced by environmental concentrations of pesticides in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Oysters were exposed for 14 d to trace levels of metconazole (0.2 and 2 mu g/L), isoproturon (0.1 and 1 mu g/L), or both in a mixture (0.2 and 0.1 mu g/L, respectively). Exposure to trace levels of pesticides had no effect on the filtration rate, growth, and energy reserves of oysters. However, oysters exposed to metconazole and isoproturon showed an overactivation of the sensing-kinase AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPK alpha), a key enzyme involved in energy metabolism and more particularly glycolysis. In the meantime, these exposed oysters showed a decrease in hexokinase and pyruvate kinase activities, whereas 2-DE proteomic revealed that fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (F-1,6-BP), a key enzyme of gluconeogenesis, was upregulated. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were higher in oysters exposed to the highest pesticide concentrations. Both pesticides enhanced the superoxide dismutase activity of oysters. Isoproturon enhanced catalase activity, and metconazole enhanced peroxiredoxin activity. Overall, our results show that environmental concentrations of metconazole or isoproturon induced subtle changes in the energy and antioxidant metabolisms of oysters

Spatiotemporal multiple insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti populations in French Guiana: need for alternative vector control

International audienceBACKGROUND : Aedes aegypti is the sole vector of urban arboviruses in French Guiana. Overtime, the species has been responsible for the transmission of viruses during yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya and Zika outbreaks. Decades of vector control have produced resistant populations to deltamethrin, the sole molecule available to control adult mosquitoes in this French Territory. OBJECTIVES : Our surveillance aimed to provide public health authorities with data on insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti populations and other species of interest in French Guiana. Monitoring resistance to the insecticide used for vector control and to other molecule is a key component to develop an insecticide resistance management plan. METHODS : In 2009, we started to monitor resistance phenotypes to deltamethrin and target-site mechanisms in Ae. aegypti populations across the territory using the WHO impregnated paper test and allelic discrimination assay. FINDINGS : Eight years surveillance revealed well-installed resistance and the dramatic increase of alleles on the sodium voltage-gated gene, known to confer resistance to pyrethroids (PY). In addition, we observed that populations were resistant to malathion (organophosphorous, OP) and alpha-cypermethrin (PY). Some resistance was also detected to molecules from the carbamate family. Finally, those populations somehow recovered susceptibility against fenitrothion (OP). In addition, other species distributed in urban areas revealed to be also resistant to pyrethroids. CONCLUSION : The resistance level can jeopardize the efficiency of chemical adult control in absence of other alternatives and conducts to strongly rely on larval control measures to reduce mosquito burden. Vector control strategies need to evolve to maintain or regain efficacy during epidemics

Read/Write Book

En entrant dans l’ère de l’informatique en réseau, le livre devient inscriptible. Son développement ne suit plus la ligne droite de la traditionnelle chaîne du livre, mais se diffuse par ramifications réticulaires. Comme un oignon, il se pare de multiples couches d’informations, ajoutées par différents métiers, mais aussi par les lecteurs. Ensemble, ils participent à une vaste entreprise d’enrichissement documentaire qui multiplie les grilles de lecture du texte et en fait miroiter les multiples sens. Inscriptible, le livre s’insère désormais dans un système d’information riche, polymorphe, mouvant et encore très fragile. C’est le Read/Write Book

WEB 2.0 : 15 ans déjà et après ? : 7 pistes pour réenchanter Internet !

International audienceEn 15 ans, le Web 2.0 a radicalement transformé notre façon de travailler, de consommer, de vendre, de communiquer… Les technologies (mobile et tablette, 3G ou 4G, médias sociaux, big data, IA, etc.) ont bouleversé nos sphères de vie et notre rapport aux individus, à l’information, aux objets… 57 pionniers vous proposent d’explorer rétrospectivement les conséquences du digital sur notre société (économie, politique, juridique, culturel…). Le but : imaginer 7 pistes de réenchantement pour un futur numérique plus sain et plus responsable face à la domination des géants d’Internet, GAFA et BATX.La voix de 57 pionniers : Farid Arab . Thierry de Baillon . Christine Balagué . Éric Barbry . Beer Bergman . Olivier Berlingué . Nicolas Bermond . Fanny Berrebi . Michelle Blanc . Jérôme Bondu . Fadhila Brahimi . Frédéric Canevet . Dominique Cardon . Nicolas Celic . Cyrille Chaudoit . Jean-Pierre Corniou . Céline Crespin . André Dan . Yannis Delmas-Rigoutsos . Damien Douani . Antoine Dubuquoy . Jean-Philippe Encausse . Fabrice Epelboin . Olivier Ezratty . Isabelle Falque-Pierrotin . David Fayon . Mathieu Flaig . Cyrille Frank . Yann Gourvennec . David Guillocheau . Claudie Haigneré (Préface) . Olivier Iteanu . Henri Kaufman (Postface) . François Laurent . Yann Leroux . Éric Maillard . Vérone Mankou . Émilie Marquois . Grégory Maubon . Pierre Mawas . Pierre Métivier . Jean-Claude Morand . Ahmed Mehdi Omarouayache . Anthony Poncier . Grégory Pouy . PPC . Benoît Raphaël . Cyril Rimbaud . Vincent Rostaing . Jean-François Ruiz . Éric Seulliet . Serge Soudoplatoff . Virginie Spies . Yaëlle Teicher Stein . Pierre Tran . Pierre Vallet . Henri Verdier

Cardiac Adverse Events and Remdesivir in Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Post Hoc Safety Analysis of the Randomized DisCoVeRy Trial

International audienceBackground We aimed to evaluate the cardiac adverse events (AEs) in hospitalized patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) receiving remdesivir plus standard of care (SoC) compared to SoC alone (control), as an association was noted in some cohort studies and disproportionality analyses of safety databases. Methods This post-hoc safety analysis is based on data from the multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled DisCoVeRy trial in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (NCT04315948). Any first AE occurring between randomization and day 29 in the modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population randomized to either remdesivir or control group was considered. Analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Kaplan-Meier estimates were calculated for event rates. Results Cardiac AEs were reported in 46 (11.2%) of 410 and 48 (11.3%) of 423 patients in the mITT population (n = 833) enrolled in the remdesivir and control groups, respectively. The difference between both groups was not significant (HR 1.0, 95% CI 0.7-1.5, p = 0.98), even when evaluating serious and non-serious cardiac AEs separately. The majority of reports in both groups were of arrhythmic nature (remdesivir, 84.8%; control, 83.3%) and were associated with a favorable outcome. There was no significant difference between remdesivir and control groups in the occurrence of different cardiac AE subclasses, including arrhythmic events (HR 1.1, 95% CI: 0.7-1.7, p = 0.68). Conclusions Remdesivir treatment was not associated with an increased risk of cardiac AEs, whether serious or not, and regardless of AE severity, compared to control, in patients hospitalized with moderate or severe COVID-19. This is consistent with the results of other randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses

Remdesivir plus standard of care versus standard of care alone for the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (DisCoVeRy): a phase 3, randomised, controlled, open-label trial

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Final results of the DisCoVeRy trial of remdesivir for patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19

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