Psicofísica clínica: aplicação de metodologia psicofísica no auxílio de diagnósticos. Descrição de método

La psychophysique appliquée à la clinique avec les humains peuvent fournir d'autres outils pour faciliter l'accès à l'objectif et quantifiable conditions internes du patient, qui ne pouvaient être obtenus autrement, à travers leurs récits et descriptions. Un exemple de ce partenariat et la mise en œuvre de psychophysique est l'unité commerciale C-Quant (Oculus Optikgeräte, Allemagne), dont la psychophysique méthode d'accès à la valeur de la diffusion de la lumière dans la rétine a été développé par le groupe de chercheurs néerlandais mené par le prof. Dr. Thomas van den Berg, Pays-Bas Institut de Neuroscience (NIN). L'accès à la quantité de diffusion de la lumière dans la rétine est utile pour le diagnostic de diverses maladies oculaires comme la cataracte. Dans cet article, la méthode psychophysique dans cette unité (comparaison de la rémunération) est décrite.La Psicofísica aplicada a la clínica con los seres humanos puede proporcionar herramientas alternativas para facilitar el acceso objetivo y cuantificable a las condiciones internas del paciente, que sólo se podría obtener de otra manera, a través de sus historias y descripciones. Un ejemplo de esta asociación y la aplicación de la psicofísica es la unidad comercial de C-Quant (Oculus Optikgeräte, Alemania), cuyo método psicofísico de acceso al valor de dispersión de la luz en la retina fue desarrollado por el grupo de investigadores holandeses dirigidos por el Prof. Dr. Thomas van den Berg, del Netherland Institute of Neuroscience (NIN). El acceso al valor de dispersión de luz en la retina es útil para el diagnóstico de diversas enfermedades oculares, como cataratas. En este artículo el método psicofísico presente en esta unidad comercial (Comparación de la compensación) es descrito.A Psicofísica aplicada à Clínica com seres humanos pode prover ferramentas alternativas que auxiliem o acesso objetivo e quantificável a condições internas do paciente, que só poderiam ser obtidas, de outra forma, através de seus relatos e descrições. Um exemplo dessa parceria e aplicação da Psicofísica é o aparelho comercial C-Quant (Oculus Optikgeräte, Alemanha), cujo método psicofísico de acesso ao valor de dispersão de luz na retina foi desenvolvido pelo grupo de pesquisadores holandeses liderados pelo Prof. Dr. Thomas van den Berg, do Netherland Institute of Neuroscience (NIN). O acesso ao valor de dispersão de luz na retina é útil para auxiliar no diagnóstico de várias doenças oculares, como catarata. Neste artigo o método psicofísico presente no aparelho (Comparação da Compensação) é descrito.The Psychophysics applied to the clinic with humans may provide alternative tools to assist access to objective and quantifiable internal conditions of the patient, which could only be obtained otherwise, through their stories and descriptions. An example of this partnership and implementation of Psychophysics is the commercial unit C-Quant (Oculus Optikgeräte, Germany), whose psychophysical method of access to the value of light scattering in the retina was developed by the group of Dutch researchers led by prof. Dr. Thomas van den Berg, Netherland's Institute of Neuroscience (NIN). Access to the amount of light scattering in the retina is useful for the diagnosis of various eye diseases such as cataracts. In this article the psychophysical method in this unit (Comparison of compensation) is described

Structure and ligand-based design of P-glycoprotein inhibitors: a historical perspective

Computer-assisted drug design (CADD) is a valuable approach for the discovery of new chemical entities in the field of cancer therapy. There is a pressing need to design and develop new, selective, and safe drugs for the treatment of multidrug resistance (MDR) cancer forms, specifically active against P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Recently, a crystallographic structure for mouse P-gp was obtained. However, for decades the design of new P-gp inhibitors employed mainly ligand-based approaches (SAR, QSAR, 3D-QSAR and phar macophore studies), and structure-based studies used P-gp homology models. However, some of those results are still the pillars used as a starting point for the design of potential P-gp inhibitors. Here, pharmacophore mapping, (Q)SAR, 3D-QSAR and homology modeling, for the discovery of P-gp inhibitors are reviewed. The importance of these methods for understanding mechanisms of drug resistance at a molecular level, and design P-gp inhibitors drug candidates are discussed. The examples mentioned in the review could provide insights into the wide range of possibilities of using CADD methodologies for the discovery of efficient P-gp inhibitors.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

El conocimiento sobre diabetes mellitus en el proceso de autocuidado

Estudo descritivo realizado no interior paulista, cujo objetivo foi verificar o conhecimento das pessoas com diabetes mellitus em relação à doença, causas e complicações advindas, destacando sua importância no autocuidado. Os dados foram coletados de 84 pessoas por meio de entrevista e analisadas mediante estatística descritiva. A média de idade foi 53,3±13 anos, tempo de doença 12,9±9 anos e 58% dos participantes tinham ensino fundamental incompleto. Verificou-se que apenas 28,6% incluíram-se na categoria correta sobre "o que é diabetes" e "quais suas causas"; 71% foram diagnosticados sem apresentar sintomas clássicos e 64% foram internados por alguma complicação aguda ou crônica. Indicou-se, aqui, aspectos que dificultam o processo de aprendizagem, pouco conhecimento em relação à doença, etiologia e sintomas, comprometendo a prevenção e diagnóstico precoce, além da predisposição para as complicações. Ressalta-se a interferência dos fatores biopsicossociais no processo de autocuidado.Estudio descriptivo realizado en el interior de São Paulo, cuyo objetivo fue verificar el conocimiento de las personas con diabetes mellitus en relación con la enfermedad, causas y complicaciones subsecuentes, destacando su importancia en el autocuidado. Los datos fueron recolectados en 84 personas por medio de entrevista y analizados mediante estadística descriptiva. La edad media fue de 53,3±13 años, tiempo de la enfermedad de 12,9±9 años y 58% de los participantes tenían primaria incompleta. Apenas 28,6% respondieron correctamente sobre "qué es diabetes" y "cuáles sus causas"; 71% fueron diagnosticados sin la presencia de los síntomas clásicos y, 64% ya habían sido internados por alguna complicación aguda o crónica. Se indicó aspectos que dificultan el proceso de aprendizaje, poco conocimiento en relación con la enfermedad, etiología y síntomas, comprometiendo la prevención y el diagnóstico precoz, predisponiéndolos a las complicaciones. Se resaltan la interferencia de los factores biopsicosociales en el proceso de autocuidado.This descriptive study in the interior of São Paulo aimed to verify diabetes mellitus patients' knowledge about the disease, causes and complications, highlighting its importance in self care. Data were collected through interviews with 84 persons and analyzed through descriptive statistics. Average age was 53.3±13 years, time of disease 12.9±9 years and 58% of the participants did not finish basic education. Only 28.6% of the participants gave correct answers to "what is diabetes" and "what are its causes"; 71% were diagnosed without presenting classic symptoms and 64% had already been hospitalized due to an acute or chronic complication. We indicated aspects that turn the learning process more difficult; little knowledge about the disease, its causes and symptoms, thus affecting the prevention and early diagnosis and entailing predisposition towards complications. Furthermore, the interference of biopsychosocial factors in the self care process is highlighted

Female chairs on the boards of European National Sports Federations: a comparative study

Purpose: This study aims to explore the impact of board size, board gender diversity and federation age on the likelihood of having a female chair in National Sports Federations (NSF). Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative methodology compares 300 sports boards in five countries (Italy, Portugal, Spain, Turkey and the UK), using data collected from NSF’s websites. Findings: The board size and federation age have no significant impact on having a female board chair when the countries and the percentage of female directors are included in the model. When the number of women is measured in absolute value rather than in relative terms, the only variable that predicts a woman chair is the country. When the model does not include country differences, the percentage of female directors is key in predicting a chairwoman, and when the number of women is used as a variable instead of the percentage, a board’s smaller size increases the odds of having a chairwoman. Research limitations/implications: There are some limitations to this study which we believe provide useful directions for future research. Firstly, the authors have not considered the role of gender typing in sports activities which explains the extent that women participate in specific sports (Sobal and Milgrim, 2019) and the related perception of such sports in society. The social representation of sports activities classified as masculine, feminine or gender-neutral can hypothetically influence women’s access to that specific federations’s leadership. The authors included the country factor only partially, as a control variable, as the social representation of sports usually goes beyond national boundaries. Practical implications: This study has implications for sport policymakers and stakeholders, and for institutions such as the IOC or the European Union that implement equality policies. If the aim is to increase female presence in the highest position of a sports board and to achieve gender equality more generally, other policies need to be implemented alongside gender quotas for the sports boards, namely, those specifically related to the recruitment and selection of the sports board chairs (Mikkonen et al., 2021). For example, given the implications of critical mass and its ability to increase more female’s engagement then the role of existing chairs acting as mentors and taking initiative in this objective may be warranted. Furthermore, attention should be paid to the existing gender portfolio of each board and its subsequent influence on recruiting a female chair, regardless of the organization’s age. Knoppers et al. (2021) concluded that resistance to gender balance by board members is often related to discriminatory discourses against women. The normalization of the discourses of meritocracy, neoliberalism, silence/passivity about the responsibility of structures and an artificial defence of diversity emphasise that equality should not only be determined by women (Knoppers et al., 2021). Social implications: When countries are included in the model, the results suggest that the social representation of a female board member is different from that of a female board chair. Originality/value: The originality of the study is that it shows the factors that constrain women taking up a chair position on NSFs. Theoretically, it contributes to existing literature by demonstrating how a critical mass of females on boards may also extend to the higher and most powerful position of chair

Aplicabilidade dos princípios da gestão democrática nos processos de compras e contratações do IFG/Campus Formosa

O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar contribuições para que os processos de compras e contratações do IFG/Campus Formosa sejam realizados democraticamente, de forma a  envolver efetivamente a comunidade acadêmica em sua execução. A abordagem adotada foi a de Bardin (2011), mediante análise de conteúdo para investigação dos dados que foram coletados. Como desdobramento da pesquisa foi desenvolvido e aplicado o produto educacional, o qual consistiu em uma oficina formativa. A atividade de formação foi realizada durante o evento institucional e contemplou tópicos sobre licitações e contratos, além de uma breve conversa sobre a Educação Profissional e Tecnológica e a gestão participativa. Diante dos resultados obtidos, infere-se que os procedimentos de compras e contratações no âmbito do IFG/Campus Formosa podem ser conduzidos coletivamente, sendo aplicáveis a eles os princípios da gestão democrática. Todavia, respeitando sempre a atribuição de cada indivíduo na execução das suas funções.

Qualidade de vida das pessoas com diabetes mellitus

Objective: To analyze the quality of life of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the three levels of the healthcare system. Method: A quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out in primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare units with individuals in outpatient care. The validated Diabetes-39 instrument was used to evaluate quality of life. Results: The sample consisted of 53 people. There was a decreasing tendency in the quality of life impairment from the primary to the tertiary care levels. In the total sample, there were differences between domains of quality of life with the variables gender, insulin use and occupation, greater perception of quality of life impairment and disease severity in people with higher rates of glycated hemoglobin. Conclusion: Quality of life tends to worse as the disease worsens. The results suggest that quality of life is related to sociodemographic and clinical variables, therefore, these should be considered in the care

Immunohistochemical expression of melan-A and tyrosinase in uveal melanoma

BACKGROUND: Melan-A and tyrosinase are new immunohistochemical markers that can be used in the diagnosis of melanocytic lesions. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between radiotherapy or clinicohistopathological parameters and the expression of melan-A and tyrosinase in uveal melanoma. METHODS: Thirty-six enucleated cases of uveal melanoma were studied. The formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies against melan-A and tyrosinase. The samples were classified as either positive or negative. The chi-square or the Student-t tests were used to test for the correlation of the expression rates of melan-A and tyrosinase with clinico-pathological parameters. RESULTS: Melan-A and tyrosinase were positive in 33 (91.7%) and 35 (97.2%) of the specimens, respectively. There was no significant association between the expression of melan-A or tyrosinase and radiotherapy or any clinico-pathological parameter. All specimens were positive for at least one of the immunohistochemical markers. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge this is the first study concluding that the expression of melanocytic markers such as melan-A and tyrosinase is not influenced by radiotherapy or any clinico-pathological parameter. Moreover, when tyrosinase and melan-A are used together, 100% of the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded uveal melanoma samples tested positive for one of those markers

Turning discarded blue shark (prionace glauca) skin into a valuable nutraceutical resource

Marine-derived collagen, particularly from blue shark (Prionace glauca) skin, represents a sustainable resource for the nutraceutical industry, yet its effective utilisation remains underexplored. This study aims to optimise the enzymatic hydrolysis of blue shark skin collagen using alcalase and bromelain to enhance the bioactive properties of the resultant hydrolysates. We employed a multifactorial experimental design to determine the optimal hydrolysis conditions, assessing factors including enzyme concentration, pH, and temperature. The alcalase-treated hydrolysates demonstrated superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities compared to those treated with bromelain, with increased solubilised proteins and a higher degree of hydrolysis. Notably, peptide profiles indicated that alcalase hydrolysates favoured the production of smaller peptides, suggesting enhanced bioavailability and digestive stability. In vitro gastrointestinal simulations demonstrated the functional stability of these peptides, indicating that while they undergo structural changes during digestion, their potential for gastrointestinal health remains significant. Our findings highlight the feasibility of converting blue shark skin, a commonly discarded by-product, into valuable nutraceutical ingredients, thus contributing to marine sustainability and waste reduction This research advances the biotechnological application of marine collagen and opens avenues for developing functional foods and pharmaceuticals.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A formação do professor de inglês em uma instituição particular

Este artigo relata os resultados obtidos em uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo e quantitativo realizada com alunos formandos de Letras (Português/Inglês) de uma faculdade particular do sul do Espírito Santo. Nesse estudo, procurou-se realizar um levantamento do perfil desses alunos e refletir sobre o processo de formação dos mesmos. O referencial teórico apoiou-se em estudos sobre formação de professores no campo da Linguística Aplicada. Os resultados revelam que os alunos (1) têm pouca familiaridade com as teorias de aquisição de língua estrangeira e com as metodologias de ensino, (2) percebem a disciplina Prática de Ensino de Inglês (PEI) como um momento de treinamento e não de formação, (3) afirmam que esta disciplina é ministrada de modo dogmático e totalmente desvinculado de reflexão, e (4) consideram a PEI irrelevante para o seu processo de formação

UMA VISÃO DISCENTE SOBRE OS FATORES CAUSADORES DE INENFICIÊNCIA DA DISCIPLINA LÍNGUA INGLESA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL PÚBLICO E PRIVADO EM MINAS GERAIS APONTA, ENTRE OUTROS, A NECESSIDADE DE MAIOR ÉTICA INTERDISCIPLINAR

 This paper presents a research conducted at Application School (CAP/COLUNI), Federal University of Viçosa, in which we aimed at analyzing students’ view concerning the English language teaching received at public and private elementary schools from 2000 to 2003. The sample was of 153 students from 1st grade High School. As the fundament for this research, we used studies regarding teaching formation in the field of Applied Linguistics. Data collection was done through interview and questionnaire and were analyzed qualitative and quantitatively. The results showed that the English Language teaching received by the sample during the period mentioned above was inefficient. According to the students, the factors which caused this inefficiency were teachers’ pedagogical practices, teachers’ profile and formation, lack of study habit, the necessity of greater interdisciplinary ethics by school community, and the myth - it´s only possible to learn English at language courses. Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa conduzida no Colégio de Aplicação (CAP/COLUNI) da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), cujo objetivo foi investigar a visão dos alunos sobre o ensino da língua inglesa recebido no Ensino Fundamental público e privado entre 2000 e 2003. A amostra de estudo foi de 153 alunos da 1ª série do Ensino Médio. O referencial teórico apoiou-se em estudos sobre formação de professores no campo da Lingüística Aplicada. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevista e questionário. Os dados foram analisados quantitativa e qualitativamente. Os resultados demonstraram que o ensino da língua inglesa recebido pela amostra durante o período mencionado acima foi ineficiente. Verificou-se que, segundo os alunos, as causas dessa ineficiência foram as práticas pedagógicas adotadas por seus professores, o perfil e a formação dos docentes, a ausência de hábito de estudo, a necessidade de maior ética interdisciplinar pela comunidade escolar e o mito - só se aprende inglês nos cursinhos