Different features of lung involvement in Niemann-Pick disease and Gaucher disease

SummaryBackgroundNiemann-Pick disease (NPD) and Gaucher disease (GD) are well-known lysosomal storage diseases. Respiratory system involvement is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with NPD and GD.ObjectivesWe tried to assess the clinical, radiological, and histological features of GD and NPD patients with lung involvement.MethodsWe reviewed medical history, physical examination, radiological, and histological data of 10 NPD and 7 GD patients.ResultsThe most common respiratory symptoms were recurrent lung infection and dyspnea. Although lung examination results in 6 NPD patients were normal, they had lung involvement; 3 patients were diagnosed as NPD directly via lung biopsy during investigation of recurrent lung infection or interstitial lung disease. All GD patients but 1 had respiratory system symptoms at the time of diagnosis. Hepatopulmonary syndrome was present in 4 GD patients. A ground-glass pattern and atelectasis were 2 important high-resolution computed tomography features in the NPD and GD patients. Flexible bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage were used for emergency extraction of bronchial casts in 1 NPD patient.ConclusionsLung involvement in NPD and GD patients should be included in the differential diagnosis of interstitial lung disease. Besides interstitial appearance on HRCT, atelectasis related to bronchial cast and bronchiectasis are other radiological findings in these group of patients. Analysis of bronchoalveolar fluid and lung biopsy provide very important clues for diagnosis. Hepatopulmonary syndrome is an important vascular complication observed in GD patients

Of the importance of a leaf: the ethnobotany of sarma in Turkey and the Balkans

BACKGROUND: Sarma - cooked leaves rolled around a filling made from rice and/or minced meat, possibly vegetables and seasoning plants - represents one of the most widespread feasting dishes of the Middle Eastern and South-Eastern European cuisines. Although cabbage and grape vine sarma is well-known worldwide, the use of alternative plant leaves remains largely unexplored. The aim of this research was to document all of the botanical taxa whose leaves are used for preparing sarma in the folk cuisines of Turkey and the Balkans. Methods: Field studies were conducted during broader ethnobotanical surveys, as well as during ad-hoc investigations between the years 2011 and 2014 that included diverse rural communities in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosovo, Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, and Turkey. Primary ethnobotanical and folkloric literatures in each country were also considered. Results: Eighty-seven botanical taxa, mainly wild, belonging to 50 genera and 27 families, were found to represent the bio-cultural heritage of sarma in Turkey and the Balkans. The greatest plant biodiversity in sarma was found in Turkey and, to less extent, in Bulgaria and Romania. The most commonly used leaves for preparing sarma were those of cabbage (both fresh and lacto-fermented), grape vine, beet, dock, sorrel, horseradish, lime tree, bean, and spinach. In a few cases, the leaves of endemic species (Centaurea haradjianii, Rumex gracilescens, and R. olympicus in Turkey) were recorded. Other uncommon sarma preparations were based on lightly toxic taxa, such as potato leaves in NE Albania, leaves of Arum, Convolvulus, and Smilax species in Turkey, of Phytolacca americana in Macedonia, and of Tussilago farfara in diverse countries. Moreover, the use of leaves of the introduced species Reynoutria japonica in Romania, Colocasia esculenta in Turkey, and Phytolacca americana in Macedonia shows the dynamic nature of folk cuisines. Conclusion: The rich ethnobotanical diversity of sarma confirms the urgent need to record folk culinary plant knowledge. The results presented here can be implemented into initiatives aimed at re-evaluating folk cuisines and niche food markets based on local neglected ingredients, and possibly also to foster trajectories of the avant-garde cuisines inspired by ethnobotanical knowledge

A Contribution To Social Aspects Of Sustainable Development: Architecture For The Social Benefit

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2009Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2009Günümüzde finansal krizlerden çevresel krizlere kadar bir çok alanda yaşanan kaynak krizi, bugünü ve geleceği verimli süreçlerle yapılandırabilmek için dünyanın yüzleşmek zorunda olduğu sorunların zeminini oluşturmaktadır. Kaynak krizlerinin üstesinden gelebilmek için uluslararası ortamda benimsenen paradigma ise sürdürülebilirliktir. Sürdürülebilirlik paradigması hemen her disiplinin ölçek farketmeksizin, etkinlik alanını yeniden sorgulayarak kendini bu bağlamda konumlandırması için teşvik etmektedir. Sürdürülebilirlik düşüncesinin küresel ve yerel ölçeklerde uygulanabilirliği ise sürdürülebilir gelişme süreçleri ile sağlanabilir. Sürdürülebilir gelişme; ekonomik, çevresel ve sosyal boyutları olan bir süreçtir. Sürdürülebilir gelişmenin sosyal boyutu en az ekonomik ve çevresel boyutları kadar önemlidir. Küresel çapta kaynak krizi, nüfus artışı, bölgesel kalkınmada geri kalmışlık, kalkınma süreçleriyle dengeli olmayan kentleşme, yoksulluk gibi dinamiklerden etkilenen ortamda mimarlık, sürdürülebilir gelişmenin sosyal boyutunu destekleyici etkinlikler gösterebilir. Piyasa talepleri doğrultusundaki kovansiyonel müşteri ve proje profili dışında, temel hizmetlere dahi erişemeyenler; yoksulluk, enformel piyasanın insani olmayan koşulları, kentsel altyapı ve sosyal hizmetlerin yetersiz kaldığı durumlar gibi nedenlerle eşitsizliğe maruz kalanlar mimarlığın hizmet kapsamına dahil olabilir. Bu çalışmada, bu konulara yönelik mimari faaliyetler “toplumsal fayda için mimarlık” olarak kavramsallaştırılmaktadır. Çeşitli sosyal aktörler (mimarlar, sanatçılar, sivil toplum kuruluşları, üniversiteler, yerel yönetimler, mesleki örgütlenmeler) tarafından bireysel ve kollektif insiyatiflerle gerçekleştirilen toplumsal faydaya yönelik mimarlık etkinlikler, sürdürülebilir gelişmenin sosyal boyutuna eklemlenerek katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda incelenen kentsel ve kırsal alandan projelerin, aktörleri; proje motivasyonları, amaçları ve kapsamları; süreçleri ve toplumsal fayda bağlamında katkıları değerlendirilmiştir.Nowadays, crises who affect a board range of aspects from finance to environment, form a basis for the facts that we have to face for constructing today and future efficiently. Sustainability is the appropriate paradigm in global context to overcome resource crisises. The sustainability paradigm motivates every discipline regardless of the scale, to position itself by requestioning its activity area. The feasibility of the sustainability idea in global and local scales can be provided by sustainable development processes. Sustainable development has economical, environmental and sociological dimensions. Its sociological dimension is as important as its other dimensions. In areas affected by global resource crisis, population growth, being regionally underdeveloped, unbalanced city growth by development processes and poverty, architecture make a contribution to the social aspects of sustainable development. Along with the conventional client and project profile, people who don’t have the main services, and people faced with inequalities caused by poverty, inhuman conditions of the informal market, inadequate conditions of infrastructure and social services, should also be included in the service area of the architecture. This study conceptualizes architectural practices in this context as “architecture for the social benefit”. Realized by social actors (architects, artists, non-governmental organizations, universities, local governments, professional organizations), architectural practices for the social benefit as individual and collective initiatives, contribute to the social dimension of the sustainability. In this context, projects from urban and rural areas are analyzed, their actors, project motivations, aims and contents and contributions for the social benefit are discussed.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

The Defense of the Holy Land in the First World War

XIX. yüzyılda başlayan sömürgecilik yarışı, batılı büyük devletlerin Osmanlı Devleti üzerinde nüfuz kurma mücadelesinin başlangıcını teşkil etmektedir. Bu Yüzyılda Petrolün Orta Doğu’da Keşfi yarışı daha da hızlandıracaktır. Sömürgecilik faaliyetleri Birinci Cihan Harbi’nin başlamasına neden olmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti harbe menfaatleri sonucu Almanya’nın yanında girmiştir. Çalışmamız bu doğrultuda ortaya çıkan Birinci Cihan Harbi’ni fırsat olarak gören Mekke Emiri Şerif Hüseyin’in Haziran 1916 tarihinde İngiltere ile işbirliğine girerek Osmanlı Devleti’ne isyan bayrağı açması ile başlayan Fahreddin Paşa’nın mukaddes toprakların müdafaasını kapsamaktadır. Anahtar sözcükler: Mekke ve Medine Müdafaası, Fahreddin Paşa.The Colonialism race which began in the XIX. century had formed the begining of the sovereignty for the great western countries on the Ottoman State. At the same century, the discovery of the petroleum in the Middle East had accelerated this race. Because this area was under the control of the Ottoman State. The Colonialism race had caused the begining of the 1st World War. The Ottoman State had fighted with Germany in order to prevent its own adventages. This study consists of Fahreddin Pasha’s defence of the holy areas which began with the cooperation between Mekke’s Sheriff Hüseyin and England in June 1916 and Mekke’s Sheriff Hüseyin rebellion to the Ottoman State. Key-Words: Defence of Mekke and Medine, Fahreddin Pasha

The Defense of the Holy Land in the First World War

XIX. yüzyılda başlayan sömürgecilik yarışı, batılı büyük devletlerin Osmanlı Devleti üzerinde nüfuz kurma mücadelesinin başlangıcını teşkil etmektedir. Bu Yüzyılda Petrolün Orta Doğu’da Keşfi yarışı daha da hızlandıracaktır. Sömürgecilik faaliyetleri Birinci Cihan Harbi’nin başlamasına neden olmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti harbe menfaatleri sonucu Almanya’nın yanında girmiştir. Çalışmamız bu doğrultuda ortaya çıkan Birinci Cihan Harbi’ni fırsat olarak gören Mekke Emiri Şerif Hüseyin’in Haziran 1916 tarihinde İngiltere ile işbirliğine girerek Osmanlı Devleti’ne isyan bayrağı açması ile başlayan Fahreddin Paşa’nın mukaddes toprakların müdafaasını kapsamaktadır. Anahtar sözcükler: Mekke ve Medine Müdafaası, Fahreddin Paşa.The Colonialism race which began in the XIX. century had formed the begining of the sovereignty for the great western countries on the Ottoman State. At the same century, the discovery of the petroleum in the Middle East had accelerated this race. Because this area was under the control of the Ottoman State. The Colonialism race had caused the begining of the 1st World War. The Ottoman State had fighted with Germany in order to prevent its own adventages. This study consists of Fahreddin Pasha’s defence of the holy areas which began with the cooperation between Mekke’s Sheriff Hüseyin and England in June 1916 and Mekke’s Sheriff Hüseyin rebellion to the Ottoman State. Key-Words: Defence of Mekke and Medine, Fahreddin Pasha

Levels of vitamin B_{12} and folic acid in different cheese types

Çalışmada, 30’ar adet beyaz peynir, kaşar peyniri, tulum peyniri ve mihaliç peyniri olmak üzere toplam 120 peynir örneği, B12 vitamini ve folik asit içeriği yönünden Radio Protein Binding Assay (RPBA) ile incelenmiştir. Peynir örneklerinde belirlenen ortalama B12 vitamini ve folik asit miktarları beyaz peynir, kaşar peyniri, tulum peyniri ve mihaliç peynirinin 100 gramında sırasıyla 0.93 / 11.12 ?g, 0.76 / 6.51 ?g, 0.77 / 6.35 ?g ve 0.49 / 4.3 ?g dır. Çalışma verileri, incelenen peynir örneklerinin B12 vitamini ve folik asit yönünden fakir olduğunu, günlük B12 vitamini ve folik asit ihtiyacını karşılayamayacaklarını göstermektedir.In this study, a total of 120 cheese samples including 30 Turkish white brined cheese, 30 kashar cheese, 30 tulum cheese, and 30 mihalic cheese samples were investigated for vitamin B12 and folic acid contents using Radio Protein Binding Assay (RPBA). The average vitamin B12 and folate levels in 100 g of each of the white cheese, kashar cheese, tulum cheese, and mihalic cheese was determined as 0.93 / 11.12 µg, 0.76 / 6.51 µg, 0.77 / 6.35 µg and 0.49 / 4.3 µg, respectively. These results show that the investigated cheese samples have poor vitamin B12 and folic acid content. Therefore they are insufficient for daily intake of vitamin B12 and folic acid

Risk analysis in Turkish food legislation

Avrupada yaşanan bazı önemli gıda krizleri, Avrupa Birliğini mevzuatında gıda güvenliği konusunda bir takım köklü düzenlemeler yapmaya itmiştir. Türkiyenin Avrupa Birliği (AB)ne uyum süreci kapsamında Türk Gıda Mevzuatı yeniden düzenlenmiş olup, bu sürecin bir getirisi olarak 2010 yılında 5996 sayılı Veteriner Hizmetleri, Bitki Sağlığı, Gıda ve Yem Kanunu yürürlüğe girmiştir. 5996 sayılı Kanun, pek çok yeni kavramla birlikte risk analizini de mevzuatımıza kazandırmıştır. Risk analizi; risk değerlendirmesi, risk yönetimi ve risk iletişimi olmak üzere birbirleriyle bağlantılı üç bileşenden oluşan bir süreçtir. Bu süreç, gıda ve yem güvenilirliğinin sağlanması, tüketici sağlığı, hayvan sağlığı ve refahı ile bitki sağlığı konularında bilimsel esaslara dayanmakta ve gıda güvenliği politikasının temel bileşenlerinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu makalede, AB ve Türk Gıda Mevzuatının gelişim süreci, gıda güvenilirliği için risk analizi yaklaşımı ve risk analizi süreci ile ilgili bilgiler derlenmiştir.European Union (EU) was forced to make some fundamental regulations on food safety legislation due to some major food crisis in Europe. Within the scope of Turkeys EU accession process, Turkish food legislation was rearranged and Law no. 5996 on Veterinary Services, Plant Health, Food and Feed Law came into force in 2010. With this law, risk analysis was brought into Turkish food legislation along with a lot of new subjects. Risk analysis is a process harboring three interconnected components; risk assessment, risk management and risk communication. This process is based on scientific principles to ensure food and feed safety, consumer health, animal health and welfare, and plant health issues, being some of the main components of the food safety policy. In this review, the development of European Union and Turkish Food Legislations, risk analysis approach to food safety and risk analysis process have been compiled

Ankara'da geçmişten günümüze çarşılardan avm'lere alışveriş anlayışının değişimi

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2018.This work is a student project of the Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.The History of Turkey course (HIST200) is a requirement for all Bilkent undergraduates. It is designed to encourage students to work in groups on projects concerning any topic of their choice that relates to the history of Turkey. It is designed as an interactive course with an emphasis on research and the objective of investigating events, chronologically short historical periods, as well as historic representations. Students from all departments prepare and present final projects for examination by a committee, with 10 projects chosen to receive awards.Includes bibliographical references (page 14)by Fatma Özden Mercan