CHERNOBYL EXCLUSION ZONE - A WORLD FAMOUS TOURIST BRAND OF UKRAINE

Annotation. The article identifies the main principles of of functioning and development of the tourism in the Chornobyl radiation and ecological biosphere reserveaffected by the technogenic disaster. The paper provides a rationale fortourismdevelopmentto the Chernobyl exclusion zone as anew direction of the international tourism service market.It defines the main principles of planning and development of thebrand of “Chornobyl radiation and ecological biosphere reserve” (Chernobyl exclusion zone) and providesproposals for itspromotion astheworld-famous tourist brand of Ukraineon the international tourism service market through popularisation of the safe tours to Chernobyl exclusion zone.This article examines the important role of the state in the optimization and arrangementof the market participants activity in this region and tourist offers.The study has confirmedthe safety of the proposed tours with the assistance of specialists of the State Agency of Ukraine on the Exclusion Zone Management, the Chornobyl radiation and ecological biosphere reserve, and State specialised enterprise "Ecocentre". This paper proposes a number ofpractical measures in the context of the formation of the renewed Strategy of the Chernobyl exclusion zone development for optimization of the international tourism service marketthat will ensure the highest level of the travel market consumer's interest in purchasing tours to this region of Ukraine.Annotation. The article identifies the main principles of of functioning and development of the tourism in the Chornobyl radiation and ecological biosphere reserveaffected by the technogenic disaster. The paper provides a rationale fortourismdevelopmentto the Chernobyl exclusion zone as anew direction of the international tourism service market.It defines the main principles of planning and development of thebrand of “Chornobyl radiation and ecological biosphere reserve” (Chernobyl exclusion zone) and providesproposals for itspromotion astheworld-famous tourist brand of Ukraineon the international tourism service market through popularisation of the safe tours to Chernobyl exclusion zone.This article examines the important role of the state in the optimization and arrangementof the market participants activity in this region and tourist offers.The study has confirmedthe safety of the proposed tours with the assistance of specialists of the State Agency of Ukraine on the Exclusion Zone Management, the Chornobyl radiation and ecological biosphere reserve, and State specialised enterprise "Ecocentre". This paper proposes a number ofpractical measures in the context of the formation of the renewed Strategy of the Chernobyl exclusion zone development for optimization of the international tourism service marketthat will ensure the highest level of the travel market consumer's interest in purchasing tours to this region of Ukraine

New Computer System for Recognizing Micro- and Nano-Sized Objects in Semiconductors and Colloidal Solutions

In this paper it is describe a new approach developed for recognizing micro- and nano-sized objects and a method for quantitative analysis of these objects. For this purpose was developed the automated systems that can simplify and accelerate the process of nanoparticle tracks analysis under the microscope whereby engineers and scientists are able to recognize the structures of defects in semiconductor wafers, along with nanoparticles and other microscopic objects. This capability is important to both select appropriate crystals and also to apply the data to improve the production process

Совершенствование методов определения частотно-инерционных и кинематических свойств систем с распределенными параметрами путем анализа их собственных колебаний

Досліджено коливання (вільні) тонкого диску. Визначено співвідношення для товстих дисків, які враховують інерцію обертання та зсув. Побудовано залежності резонансної частоти коливань диску з вузловими колами.Free vibrations of the thin disc are studied. The equation for thick discs which include the inertia of rotation and the slide is determined. The dependencies of the resonant frequency of oscillation with knotty circles are made.Исследованы колебания (свободные) тонкого диска. Определены соотношения для толстых дисков, которые учитывают инерцию вращения и смещение. Построены зависимости резонансной частоты колебаний диска с узловыми кругами

ДОСВІД ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ІНТРАТЕКАЛЬНОГО СИНТЕЗУ АНТИТІЛ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ З УРАЖЕННЯМИ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЇ НЕРВОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ

The aim of the work – to study the frequency of intrathecal synthesis of specific antibodies at patients with inflammatory lesions of the central nervous system.Patients and methods. In this work the data of the determination of intrathecal synthesis of specific antibodies (ITSA) in 90 patients are given who were treated at the Lev Hromashevskyi Institute of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. The research included quantitative definition of antibodies of the class IgG in serum (S) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to neurotropic pathogens: herpes simplex virus 1/2, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, varicella zoster virus, rubella virus, Borrelies. Calculations of ITSA indicators were carried out according to the method of Reiber H. The condition of a hematoencephalic barrier (HEB) was estimated by means of coefficient of albumine (Qalb) taking into account age norms.Results. ITSA was established in (25.6±4.6) % of the examined patients with damages of the central nervous system. In patients with ITSA most often (in 52.2 %) simultaneously present antibodies to several neurotropic pathogens. Detection of ITSA at the examined patients didn’t depend on concentration of specific antibodies in S and CSF and wasn’t followed by malfunction of HEB. The incidence of HEB dysfunction at patients with ITSA and without ITSA appeared with an identical frequency (13,0 % and 13,6 % respectively).Мета роботи. Вивчити частоту інтратекального синтезу специфічних антитіл у пацієнтів зі запальними ураженнями центральної нервової системи.Пацієнти і методи. В роботі наведені дані визначення інтратекального синтезу специфічних антитіл (ІТСА) у 90 пацієнтів, які проходили лікування в клініці ДУ «Інститут епідеміології та інфекційних хвороб ім. Л.В. Громашевського». Дослідження включало кількісне визначення антитіл класу Ig G в сироватці крові (СК) та спинномозковій рідині (СМР) до нейротропних збудників: вірусу простого герпесу 1/2 типу, цитомегаловірусу, вірусу Епштейна-Барр, вірусу оперізувального лишаю, вірусу кору, вірусу краснухи, бореліям. Розрахунки показників ІТСА проведені за методикою Reiber H. Стан гематоенцефалічного бар’єру (ГЕБ) оцінювали за допомогою коефіцієнту альбуміну (Qalb) з урахуванням вікових норм.Результати. ІТСА встановлений у (25,6±4,6) % обстежених пацієнтів з ураженнями ЦНС. У пацієнтів з ІТСА найчастіше (у 52,2 %) одночасно були присутні антитіла до декількох нейротропних збудників. Виявлення ІТСА в обстежених пацієнтів не залежало від концентрації специфічних антитіл у СК і СМР і не супроводжувалося порушенням функції ГЕБ. Випадки дисфункції ГЕБ у пацієнтів з ІТСА та без ІТСА виявлялися з однаковою частотою (13,0 та 13,6 % відповідно)

First results from the JWST Early Release Science Program Q3D: Benchmark Comparison of Optical and Mid-IR Tracers of a Dusty, Ionized Red Quasar Wind at z=0.435

The [OIII] 5007 A emission line is the most common tracer of warm, ionized outflows in active galactic nuclei across cosmic time. JWST newly allows us to use mid-infrared spectral features at both high spatial and spectral resolution to probe these same winds. Here we present a comparison of ground-based, seeing-limited [OIII] and space-based, diffraction-limited [SIV] 10.51 micron maps of the powerful, kpc-scale outflow in the Type 1 red quasar SDSS J110648.32+480712.3. The JWST data are from the Mid-InfraRed Instrument (MIRI). There is a close match in resolution between the datasets (0."4--0."6), in ionization potential of the O+2 and S+3 ions (35 eV), and in line sensitivity (1e-17 to 2e-17 erg/s/cm2/arcsec2). The [OIII] and [SIV] line shapes match in velocity and linewidth over much of the 20 kpc outflowing nebula, and [SIV] is the brightest line in the rest-frame 3.5--19.5 micron range, demonstrating its usefulness as a mid-IR probe of quasar outflows. [OIII] is nevertheless intriniscally brighter and provides better contrast with the point-source continuum, which is strong in the mid-IR. There is a strong anticorrelation of [OIII]/[SIV] with average velocity, which is consistent with a scenario of differential obscuration between the approaching (blueshifted) and receding (redshifted) sides of the flow. The dust in the wind may also obscure the central quasar, consistent with models that attribute red quasar extinction to dusty winds.Comment: Submitted to ApJ

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Airborne Signals from a Wounded Leaf Facilitate Viral Spreading and Induce Antibacterial Resistance in Neighboring Plants

Many plants release airborne volatile compounds in response to wounding due to pathogenic assault. These compounds serve as plant defenses and are involved in plant signaling. Here, we study the effects of pectin methylesterase (PME)-generated methanol release from wounded plants (“emitters”) on the defensive reactions of neighboring “receiver” plants. Plant leaf wounding resulted in the synthesis of PME and a spike in methanol released into the air. Gaseous methanol or vapors from wounded PME-transgenic plants induced resistance to the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum in the leaves of non-wounded neighboring “receiver” plants. In experiments with different volatile organic compounds, gaseous methanol was the only airborne factor that could induce antibacterial resistance in neighboring plants. In an effort to understand the mechanisms by which methanol stimulates the antibacterial resistance of “receiver” plants, we constructed forward and reverse suppression subtractive hybridization cDNA libraries from Nicotiana benthamiana plants exposed to methanol. We identified multiple methanol-inducible genes (MIGs), most of which are involved in defense or cell-to-cell trafficking. We then isolated the most affected genes for further analysis: β-1,3-glucanase (BG), a previously unidentified gene (MIG-21), and non-cell-autonomous pathway protein (NCAPP). Experiments with Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and a vector encoding two tandem copies of green fluorescent protein as a tracer of cell-to-cell movement showed the increased gating capacity of plasmodesmata in the presence of BG, MIG-21, and NCAPP. The increased gating capacity is accompanied by enhanced TMV reproduction in the “receivers”. Overall, our data indicate that methanol emitted by a wounded plant acts as a signal that enhances antibacterial resistance and facilitates viral spread in neighboring plants

New Computer System for Recognizing Micro- and Nano-Sized Objects in Semiconductors and Colloidal Solutions

In this paper it is describe a new approach developed for recognizing micro- and nano-sized objects and a method for quantitative analysis of these objects. For this purpose was developed the automated systems that can simplify and accelerate the process of nanoparticle tracks analysis under the microscope whereby engineers and scientists are able to recognize the structures of defects in semiconductor wafers, along with nanoparticles and other microscopic objects. This capability is important to both select appropriate crystals and also to apply the data to improve the production process