Frecuencia de aislamiento de patógenos bacterianos a partir de muestras de orina de perros y su sensibilidad a la enrofloxacina

La infección del tracto urinario (ITU) se entiende como la entrada, multiplicación y persistencia de un agente infeccioso en el sistema urogenital y produce una enfermedad de presentación frecuente en perros. Los microorganismos aislados con mayor frecuencia son Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus spp. y Enterococcus spp. En la clínica diaria habitualmente, la terapia antibiótica se instaura de manera empírica y con base en la predictibilidad de los patógenos más comunes. Uno de los antimicrobianos más ampliamente utilizados en caninos es la enrofloxacina. En el presente trabajo, se reporta la frecuencia de aislamientos bacterianos a partir de muestras de orina de caninos con ITU entre 2018-2021 y su sensibilidad a la enrofloxacina.Trabajo publicado en Cagliada, Maria del Pilar Lilia y Galosi, Cecilia Mónica (comps.). I Congreso de Microbiología Veterinaria. Libro de resúmenes. La Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2021.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Bacteriological resolve of pyoderma associated with canine demodicosis without antibiotic/antiseptic therapy

Generalized canine demodicosis is a disease caused by Demodex spp. commonly associated with infection by Staphylococcus spp., normal inhabitants of dogs skin. Both microorganisms proliferate within the hair follicles causing folliculitis and furunculosis. In the past, systemic antibiotic therapy was supported for all dogs with secondary bacterial infection. Nowadays, as the incidence of skin infections with multi-resistant bacteria is increasing, a judicious use of systemic antibiotics is recommended.Trabajo publicado en Cagliada, Maria del Pilar Lilia y Galosi, Cecilia Mónica (comps.). I Congreso de Microbiología Veterinaria. Libro de resúmenes. La Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2021.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Experiencia de aprendizaje en diagnóstico ambiental

Los conflictos ambientales en zonas urbanas son complejos y de muy diversa índole. Entre ellos, la alteración de los recursos superficiales acuáticos, su contaminación y consecuente degradación puede transformarse en un paisaje aceptado por la comunidad, que desconoce opciones sustentables del medio natural. La experiencia de campo cuando nos enfrentamos al diagnóstico resulta fundamental en el proceso de aprendizaje de las ciencias ambientales, en la búsqueda de indicadores de sustentabilidad y su relación con escenarios de cambio climático.Trabajo publicado en Acta Bioquímica Clínica Latinoamericana; no. 52, supl. 2, parte II, diciembre de 2018.Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Dengue, chikungunya and the mosquito vector at the Southern limit of distribution during the 2023 epidemic, Argentina

Objetivos: Monitorear la actividad de oviposición del mosquito Aedes aegypti y de casos de dengue y chikungunya en cuatro localidades de Argentina templada, durante la epidemia del 2023. Métodos: Durante el verano y otoño del 2023, se monitoreó semanalmente mediante ovitrampas la actividad de oviposición del mosquito vector, y se registró el arribo de casos con dengue o chikungunya a Tandil, Olavarría, Bahía Blanca y Laprida. Resultados: La variación mensual del porcentaje de trampas positivas fue similar en las tres primeraslocalidades; en Laprida no se detectó el mosquito. Por el contrario, se observó una diferencia significativa del porcentaje de trampas que alguna vez resultó positivaen cada localidad, siendo mayor en Olavarría (83%), que en Bahía Blanca (67%) y Tandil (49%). Respecto a las enfermedades, se registraron 18 casos importados de dengue y 3 de chikungunya. Además, se registró el primer caso autóctono de dengue en la región, siendoel más austral hasta el momento. Conclusión: Es imprescindible sensibilizar y capacitara los integrantes de los sistemas de salud de las nuevas regiones expuestas al Ae. aegypti para la detección temprana de casos, y a la población en general para potenciar las acciones de prevención.Objectives: To monitor the oviposition activity of the mosquito Aedes aegypti and of dengue and chikungunya cases in four localities of temperate Argentina, during the 2023 epidemic. Methods: During the summer and autumn of 2023, the oviposition activity of the mosquito vector was monitored weekly using ovitraps, and the arrival of cases with dengue or chikungunya in Tandil, Olavarría, Bahía Blanca and Laprida were registered. Results: Monthly variations of the percentage of positive traps were similar in the first three locations; in Laprida the mosquito was not detected. On the con-trary, a significant difference was observed in the percentage of total traps that ever tested positive in each locality, being higher in Olavarría (83.3%) than in Bahía Blanca (68.6%) and Tandil (48.7%). Regarding diseases, 18 imported cases of dengue and 3 of chikungunya were registered. In addition, the first autochthonous case of dengue in the region was recorded, being the southernmost until known. Conclusion: It is essential to raise awareness and train the members of the health systems of the new regions exposed to Ae. aegypti for early detection of cases, and to the general population to enhance prevention actions.Fil: Vezzani, Dario. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Ecosistemas y Desarrollo Sustentable; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Diribarne, Ignacio. Municipalidad de Tandil (buenos Aires). Sistema Integrado de Salud Publica.; ArgentinaFil: Palacios, Juan José. Municipalidad de Tandil (buenos Aires). Sistema Integrado de Salud Publica.; ArgentinaFil: Lopez, Jesica. No especifíca;Fil: Martinez, Sofía. No especifíca;Fil: Weiss, María del Carmen. No especifíca;Fil: Gentile, Luciano. No especifíca;Fil: Castex, Andrea. No especifíca;Fil: Damiani, Mirna. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Municipalidad de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Del Blanco, Natacha. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Municipalidad de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Castiglia Sole, Juan Agustín. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Municipalidad de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Rozas Dennis, Gabriela Susana. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Municipalidad de Bahía Blanca; Argentin

Corticosteroid treatment in critically ill patients with severe influenza pneumonia: a propensity score matching study.

To determine clinical predictors associated with corticosteroid administration and its association with ICU mortality in critically ill patients with severe influenza pneumonia. Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of critically ill patients with confirmed influenza pneumonia admitted to 148 ICUs in Spain between June 2009 and April 2014. Patients who received corticosteroid treatment for causes other than viral pneumonia (e.g., refractory septic shock and asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD] exacerbation) were excluded. Patients with corticosteroid therapy were compared with those without corticosteroid therapy. We use a propensity score (PS) matching analysis to reduce confounding factors. The primary outcome was ICU mortality. Cox proportional hazards and competing risks analysis was performed to assess the impact of corticosteroids on ICU mortality. A total of 1846 patients with primary influenza pneumonia were enrolled. Corticosteroids were administered in 604 (32.7%) patients, with methylprednisolone the most frequently used corticosteroid (578/604 [95.7%]). The median daily dose was equivalent to 80 mg of methylprednisolone (IQR 60-120) for a median duration of 7 days (IQR 5-10). Asthma, COPD, hematological disease, and the need for mechanical ventilation were independently associated with corticosteroid use. Crude ICU mortality was higher in patients who received corticosteroids (27.5%) than in patients who did not receive corticosteroids (18.8%, p  Administration of corticosteroids in patients with severe influenza pneumonia is associated with increased ICU mortality, and these agents should not be used as co-adjuvant therapy

XIV Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. ACTAS

La presente publicación recoge los resúmenes de todas las ponencias presentadas oralmente en la decimocuarta edición del Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo (SIIU), celebrada en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid) y presentadas durante los días 16 y 17 de junio de 2022. El Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo tuvo su origen en el año 2007, como iniciativa de un grupo de profesores y doctorandos del Departamento de Urbanismo y Ordenación del Territorio de la Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya. Este seminario, originalmente interno y dirigido a investigadores en formación, pretendía ser un espacio de encuentro anual de los doctorandos del programa para debatir y recibir feedback sobre sus trabajos. Su condición pionera, como espacio de reflexión en torno a temas sobre la ciudad, el territorio y el paisaje en el ámbito hispanoamericano, provocó que muy pronto excediera el ámbito local y se transformara en un espacio de interés internacional. Por esta razón, a partir de la quinta edición, celebrada en 2013, se realiza cada año de manera conjunta entre la sede de Barcelona (Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña) y una sede latinoamericana. Hasta ahora han sido sede del SIIU en América, al otro lado del Atlántico: Buenos Aires, Córdoba (Argentina), Santiago de Chile, Bogotá, São Paulo, Camboriú y Curitiba. Asimismo, a partir del año 2020, el gran interés que estaba generando de este lado del Atlántico impulsa su realización en universidades de la Península Ibérica en conjunto con la UPC. De esta manera, Lisboa fue ese año la sede que, en colaboración con Barcelona, acogió el seminario, con el fin de responder al gran interés que éste tiene en el ámbito lusitano. Y en junio de 2022, Madrid ha sido la sede del seminario en España, con la voluntad de estrechar lazos entre dos de las escuelas de arquitectura más importantes del país, y compartir experiencias y miradas sobre los temas relacionados con el urbanismo. Del otro lado del Atlántico, Curitiba fue la sede latinoamericana que, con gran éxito, celebró la segunda parte del evento en la semana siguiente al evento de Madrid

The Complete Mutatome and Clonal Architecture of Del(5q)

Abstract Cytogenetic abnormalities are found in around half of MDS patients (pts) and have both clinical impact and may be subtype-defining, e.g. in 5q-syndrome. Interstitial deletion of the long arm of chr.5 [del(5q)] is the most common aberration (almost 20% of cases with abnormal cytogenetics). Del(5q) is heterogeneous, occurring as a sole abnormality or in combination, with the deleted region often truncated within or extended and/or beyond the CDR boundaries. Isolated del(5q) is frequently shorter and confers a more favorable prognosis with regard to survival and lenalidomide (LEN) responsiveness, while del(5q) in the context of a complex karyotype (CK) imparts a poor prognosis. In addition to chromosomal lesions, somatic mutations can contribute to the pathogenesis of MDS, including del(5q). We theorized that recognition of molecular defects in MDS with del(5q) may clarify the pathogenic mechanisms behind this lesion and help explain the clinical heterogeneity. We analyzed 225 pts with myeloid neoplasia and del(5q) using WES (n= 107 samples) and targeted multiplexed PCR (top 60 most frequently mutated genes) (n =133 samples); serial analysis was performed in 15 pts studied at ≥2 time points, 11 during LEN therapy and 4 upon relapse/progression. A total of 116 samples had a CK with other lesions such as -7/del(7q) found in 31% cases, and 18% had -17/del(17p). WES (average depth >60x) was followed by a bioanalytic pipeline, detecting ≥1 mutated gene in 71% of cases. Candidate somatic alterations were found in 357 genes and selected for further analysis. When focused on hemizygous mutations within the retained 5q allele, CSNK1A1 mutations were the most common, found in 4 pts, while other genes were only sporadically affected. Among heterozygous mutations on the non-deleted portion of del(5q) and other chromosomes (Chr), we found several novel mutations, in addition to TP53 (n=26), DNMT3A (n=8), PRPF8 (n =8), RUNX1 (n=5), TET2 (n=5), and ASXL1 (n=4), among others. Furthermore, LOH/haploinsuffciency of genes on 7q (e.g., LUC7L2, CUX1, EZH2 and MLL3) appears to be a common defect seen in pts with non-isolated del(5q), suggesting synergistic functional defects. When functionally grouping gene mutations, DNA methylation family (8 cases) and transcription factor mutations (29 cases) were associated with advanced disease (AD) and a CK. Heterozygous mutations in TP53 (34%) or deletions involving the TP53 locus (23%) resulted in total of 42% of cases carrying either TP53 LOH or mutation. TP53 lesions were more common in pts with AD vs. low risk. (21 vs. 5 p =.0008). In contrast, TP53 mutations are found in 8-10% of cases of MDS. A total of 34 pts were treated with LEN and subgrouped into responders (n=17) vs. refractory (n=9) with an overall response rate of 65%. When mutational profiles were compared, the presence of TP53 mutations did not preclude responsiveness to LEN. CK was present in 12% of responders vs. 67% of refractory pts. The most frequent Chr abnormalities were -7/7q (0% vs. 67% in responders vs. refractory) and 17p-(6% vs. 67% in responders vs. refractory) suggestive of their role in LEN resistance. In addition to cross sectional analysis, our WES study using paired Germline/tumor samples followed by deep sequencing facilitated analyses of clonal architecture by examining clonal dynamics over time. Assessment of del(5q) clone size by allelic imbalance combined with clonal burden by VAF allowed us to reconstruct the clonal hierarchy: in 73% of cases, del(5q) appeared to be the initial defect followed by subsequent mutations (e.g., TP53, DNMT3A, IDH2). In contrast, in 24% of cases, TP53, RUNX1, JARID2, were the primary defect followed by a subclonal del(5q) events. Serial samples collected before and after therapy demonstrated that responses were associated with decreased clonal burden for del(5q) but persistence of certain mutations. In refractory cases, persistent subclonal lesions and the appearance of new lesions were associated with progression. For example, pts with TP53, LAMB4, EPHA6 progressed and acquired additional lesions such as CSMD2 or KCND2, and did not see the disappearance of TP53 alterations upon treatment. In conclusion, no unifying somatic defect was found in pts with del(5q) regardless if the deletion event was primary or subclonal. Most commonly associated lesions were not present on the retained 5q alleles but rather other chr yet modified clinical behavior, including responsiveness to LEN. Disclosures Bejar: Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Alexion: Other: ad hoc advisory board; Genoptix Medical Laboratory: Consultancy, Honoraria, Patents & Royalties: MDS prognostic gene signature. Sekeres:Celgene Corporation: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; TetraLogic: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees