Immunomodulatory effect of gut microbiota-derived bioactive peptides on human immune system from healthy controls and patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Bioactive peptides secreted by probiotic Bifidobacterium longum (peptide B7) and opportunistic pathogen Bacteroides fragilis (peptide B12) modulate the intestinal cytokine milieu in health. Here, we characterized their capacity to modulate both the mucosal cytokine production and the phenotype of circulating antigen presenting cells (APCs) in active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The IBD mucosa produced higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines referred to healthy controls (HCs). Peptides B7 and B12, however, did not ameliorate the mucosal cytokine milieu in IBD. Human circulating APCs (B-cells, monocytes, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), and conventional dendritic cells (cDCs)) were characterized by flow cytometry in presence/absence of the peptides. Circulating B-cells, monocytes, and cDCs from IBD patients were more activated than those from HCs. Peptide B7, but not B12, decreased CCR2 expression on all APC subsets from HC, but not IBD patients. Moreover, both peptides tend to further increase their pro-inflammatory profile in IBD. In summary, IBD patients display mucosal and circulating APC pro-inflammatory properties. Peptide B7 immunomodulatory capacity elicited over circulating APCs from HC, but not IBD patients, suggests the presence of disrupted modulatory mechanisms for this peptide in IBD. Future studies should address the effect of bacteria-derived immunomodulatory peptides in non-inflamed (quiescent) IBD patientsThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy (SAF2014-56642-JIN), the Spanish Ministry of Health (PIE13/00041), GETECCU (Grupo Español de Trabajo en Enfermedad Crohn y Colitis Ulcerosa), and the Community of Madrid (Consejería de Educación, Juventud y Deporte, Programa de Garantía Juvenil 2015 and 2016)

La Imagen y la Narrativa como Herramientas para el Abordaje Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia. Departamentos de Caquetá, Huila, Tolima y Putumayo

El escrito presenta múltiples estrategias para trabajar con los afectados por la guerra y la violencia armada, problemática que existe en todo el territorio colombiano, así como una concepción de la intervención psicosocial en diversos escenarios de conflicto. Inicialmente, se discuten los resultados e impactos de la violencia armada, mientras que se prioriza la forma en que los capacitados y expertos responden y atienden a las víctimas de este flagelo. El trabajo se ampara de una normatividad, técnicas, estrategias y teorías con el fin de reconocer a la población víctima, en este contexto, el apoyo psicosocial se precisa como un instrumento de reparación y no reiteración. La concepción está apoyada por una exploración superficial que se llevó a cabo en distintas comunidades, de los Departamentos de Caquetá, Huila, Tolima y Putumayo. La herramienta utilizada para el diagnóstico fue la revisión y el análisis narrativo, las cuales se utilizaron a lo largo de las diversas fases del curso. Se desarrollan relatos de memoria, también una restauración psicosocial de las víctimas de la comunidad, en los que generar espacios de conceptualización y conocimiento de la comunidad y los medios de apoyo social que existen para su atención, de igual forma espacios donde se sienten seguros y pueden desarrollar capacidades que luego les permitan expresar sus experiencias para generar un contexto completo de lo vivido en el marco del conflicto armado. Los hallazgos del trabajo brindan a los lectores una perspectiva amplia sobre los distintos roles que desempeñan los psicólogos al brindar apoyo psicosocial a las víctimas del territorio colombiano.The paper presents multiple strategies to work with those affected by war and armed violence, a problem that exists throughout the Colombian territory, as well as a conception of psychosocial intervention in various conflict scenarios. Initially, the results and impacts of armed violence are discussed, while prioritizing the way in which the trained and experts respond and care for the victims of this scourge. The work is supported by regulations, techniques, strategies and theories in order to recognize the victim population, in this context, psychosocial support is required as an instrument of reparation and not reiteration. The conception is supported by a superficial exploration that was carried out in different communities, of the Departments of Caquetá, Huila, Tolima and Putumayo. The tool used for the diagnosis was the review and narrative analysis, which were used throughout the various phases of the course. Memory stories are developed, as well as a psychosocial restoration of the victims of the community, in which to generate spaces for conceptualization and knowledge of the community and the means of social support that exist for their care, in the same way spaces where they feel safe and they can develop capacities that later allow them to express their experiences to generate a complete context of what they have experienced in the framework of the armed conflict. The findings of the work provide readers with a broad perspective on the different roles that psychologists play when providing psychosocial support to victims in Colombian territory

Early onset of azithromycin to prevent clad in lung transplantation: promising results of a retrospective single centre experience

Introduction: Azithromycin (AZI) may be an effective immune modulator in lung transplant (LT) recipients, and can decrease chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) rates, the leading cause of mortality after the first year post-LT. The aim of the study is to assess the effect of AZI initiation and its timing on the incidence and severity of CLAD in LT recipients. Methods: Single-center retrospective study, including LT recipients from 01/01/2011 to 30/06/2020. Four groups were established: those who started AZI at the 3rd week post-LT (group A), those who received AZI later than the 3rd week post-LT and had preserved FEV1 (B), those who did not receive AZI (C) and those who started AZI due to a decline in FEV1 (D). The dosage of AZI prescribed was 250 mg three times per week. CLAD was defined and graduated according to the 2019 ISHLT criteria. Results: We included 358 LT recipients: 139 (38.83%) were in group A, 94 (26.25%) in group B, 91 (25.42%) in group C, and 34 (9.50%) in group D. Group A experienced the lowest CLAD incidence and severity at 1 (p = 0.01), 3 (p < 0.001), and 5 years post-LT, followed by Group B. Groups C and D experienced a higher incidence and severity of CLAD (p = 0.015). Initiation of AZI prior to FEV1 decline (groups A and B) proved to be protective against CLAD after adjusting for differences between the treatment groups. Conclusions: Early initiation of AZI in LT recipients could have a role in decreasing the incidence and severity of CLAD. In addition, as long as FEV1 is preserved, initiating AZI at any time could also be useful to prevent the incidence of CLAD and reduce its severity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Funding Sources: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors

Parasitología Interactiva

Desarrollo de una guía interactiva donde se muestran los ciclos biológicos,imágenes y dibujos de los estadios evolutivos de los principales géneros y especies de parásitos protozoos relevantes en al ámbito veterinario

Heterozygous and Homozygous Variants in SORL1 Gene in Alzheimer's Disease Patients: Clinical, Neuroimaging and Neuropathological Findings

In the last few years, the SORL1 gene has been strongly implicated in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We performed whole-exome sequencing on 37 patients with early-onset dementia or family history suggestive of autosomal dominant dementia. Data analysis was based on a custom panel that included 46 genes related to AD and dementia. SORL1 variants were present in a high proportion of patients with candidate variants (15%, 3/20). We expand the clinical manifestations associated with the SORL1 gene by reporting detailed clinical and neuroimaging findings of six unrelated patients with AD and SORL1 mutations. We also present for the first time a patient with the homozygous truncating variant c.364C>T (p.R122*) in SORL1, who also had severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Furthermore, we report neuropathological findings and immunochemistry assays from one patient with the splicing variant c.4519+5G>A in the SORL1 gene, in which AD was confirmed by neuropathological examination. Our results highlight the heterogeneity of clinical presentation and familial dementia background of SORL1-associated AD and suggest that SORL1 might be contributing to AD development as a risk factor gene rather than as a major autosomal dominant gene.This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI17/01067) and AGAUR from the Autonomous Catalan Government (2017SGR1134). Dr. Víctor Antonio Blanco-Palmero is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Spanish Biomedical Research Institute) through a “Río Hortega” contract (CM18/0095). Dr. Sara Llamas-Velasco is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII; Spanish Biomedical Research Institute) through a “Juan Rodés” contract (JR 18/00046).S

Terapia de pareja: reflexiones sistémicas de un grupo en formación

Se presentan a continuación algunas ideas y reflexiones planteadas como resultado del trabajo en equipo llevado a cabo durante el curso de terapia de pareja en el proceso de formación como especialistas en terapia familiar de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó. Inicialmente se plantean algunos datos históricos e ideas acerca de la forma en que los cambios socioculturales han modificado las relaciones, aportando a la consolidación de nuevas formas de ser pareja. Se analizan características de dicha diada y el lugar del amor en su conformación, a la luz de nuevas comprensiones de las dinámicas del mundo contemporáneo y las problemáticas actuales. Concluyendo este recorrido se reconoce la vigencia e importancia de la terapia sistémica como alternativa para el abordaje de las problemáticas de pareja y se describen asuntos propios de dicha intervención, resaltando en ellos el lugar del terapeuta. Se concluye con la idea de la pareja como producto de un proceso de transformación transversalizado por la sociedad y la cultura, con diversos matices y formas de ser, que siendo cambiantes mantienen como constante la idea de pareja como un sistema interaccional complejo, en el que amor, deseo y pasión movilizan sentimientos y emociones vitales que revelan simultáneamente la fragilidad y fuerza del ser humano capaz de transformarlo. Vista de este modo la pareja es un escenario de intervención del terapeuta sistémico y la terapia el encuentro que posibilita el cambio

Transferencia de los resultados de Trabajos Fin de Grado y Máster a la docencia -TF-Transfer

Depto. de GeografíaFac. de Geografía e HistoriaFALSEsubmitte

Constraints on the χ_(c1) versus χ_(c2) polarizations in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

The polarizations of promptly produced χ_(c1) and χ_(c2) mesons are studied using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, in proton-proton collisions at √s=8  TeV. The χ_c states are reconstructed via their radiative decays χ_c → J/ψγ, with the photons being measured through conversions to e⁺e⁻, which allows the two states to be well resolved. The polarizations are measured in the helicity frame, through the analysis of the χ_(c2) to χ_(c1) yield ratio as a function of the polar or azimuthal angle of the positive muon emitted in the J/ψ → μ⁺μ⁻ decay, in three bins of J/ψ transverse momentum. While no differences are seen between the two states in terms of azimuthal decay angle distributions, they are observed to have significantly different polar anisotropies. The measurement favors a scenario where at least one of the two states is strongly polarized along the helicity quantization axis, in agreement with nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics predictions. This is the first measurement of significantly polarized quarkonia produced at high transverse momentum