Las obras públicas y la imagen de España en la literatura de viajes (ss. XVII-XIX)

Peer Reviewe

China and Latin America: Mutual benefits or asymmetric relationship?

With China’s rapid growth, it is worth considering whether or not the country has challenged the United States, which for decades was the hegemonic power in much of Latin America. Posed in international studies, these questions are viewed from a Western perspective, arguably ethnocentric and universalist, which understands the international context as one of allies and enemies, center and periphery. Thus, it is difficult to understand a global rearrangement involving a non-Western actor. There seems to be no other way of understanding peaceful coexistence without involving the dominant and dominated relationship. Therefore, this paper seeks to explain whether a strategic relationship, fostered based on equal relationships for mutual benefit, is possible, without thinking about the soft or strong power notion that characterized the international order of the 20th Century. For the approach, a qualitative analytical-descriptive methodology is used

Efecto de los tratamientos por termoterapia con agua caliente sobre la micoflora presente en plantas de vid injertadas

[EN] This project aimed to study the effect of the application of hot water treatments on grafted vines (Tintorera and 110 Richter rootstock) on the total internal micoflora present in the wood. Two different treatments were performed on grafted plants (50 ° C, 30 min. and 53 ° C 30 min.) and the survival of micoflora to both treatments was quantified and compared with control plants. In addition, the survival of fungal grapevine trunk pathogens was studied in detail. The total amount of fungi isolated (points of positive isolation for fungal growth) in grafted vines decreased after the application of hot water treatment, which also decreased the diversity of micoflora (number of species isolated). This study evidences the presence on grafted plants of fungal species that are susceptible to high temperatures and other species which are more tolerant. The species D. macrodidyma, I. liriodendri and N. parvum were controlled by hot water treatments, while the species D. seriata, Pm. fraxinipennsylvanicum and Pm. minimum survived after these treatments, although, in general its incidence was lower than in the control plants. The species C. luteo-olivacea was found to be very tolerant to hot water treatments[ES] Se estudió el efecto de la aplicación de tratamientos de termoterapia con agua caliente en plantas injertadas de vid (variedad Tintorera y patrón 110 Ritcher) sobre la micoflora total interna presente en la madera. Se realizaron dos tratamientos distintos sobre las plantas (50ºC, 30 min. y 53ºC 30 min.) y se cuantificó la supervivencia de la micoflora en ambos tratamientos, comparándola con la de plantas control. Además, se prestó atención especial a la supervivencia o no de hongos patógenos de la madera. La cantidad total de hongos aislados (puntos de aislamiento positivos para el crecimiento fúngico) presentes en las plantas de vid injertadas disminuyó tras la aplicación de tratamientos de termoterapia con agua caliente, disminuyendo también la diversidad de la micoflora (número de especies encontradas). Este estudio mostró la presencia en las plantas injertadas de especies fúngicas sensibles a las altas temperaturas y otras más tolerantes. En cuanto a los hongos patógenos de la madera de la vid, se pudieron observar distintos comportamientos. Las especies D. macrodidyma, I. liriodendri y N. parvum fueron controladas con los tratamientos por termoterapia con agua caliente, mientras que las especies D. seriata, Pm. fraxinipennsylvanicum y Pm. minimum sobrevivieron tras estos tratamientos, aunque, en general su incidencia fue menor que en las plantas control. La especie C. luteo-olivacea se mostró como muy tolerante a los tratamientos con agua calienteAlfonso Crespo, J. (2015). Efecto de los tratamientos por termoterapia con agua caliente sobre la micoflora presente en plantas de vid injertadas. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/6276

Windows through the Dusty Disks Surrounding the Youngest Low Mass Protostellar Objects

The formation and evolution of young low mass stars are characterized by important processes of mass loss and accretion ocurring in the innermost regions of their placentary circumstellar disks. Because of the large obscuration of these disks at optical and infrared wavelengths in the early protostellar stages (Class 0 Sources), they were previously detected only at radio wavelengths using interferometric techniques. We have detected with the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) the mid-infrared emission associated with the Class 0 protostar VLA1 in the HH1-2 region located in the Orion nebula. The emission arises in the three wavelength windows at 5.3, 6.6 and 7.5 micras where the absorption due to ices and silicates has a local minimum that exposes the central parts of the youngest protostellar systems to mid-infrared investigations. The mid-infrared emission arises from a central source with 4 AU diameter at an averaged temperature of 700 K, deeply embedded in a dense region with a visual extinction of Av=80-100mag.Comment: The article is here and on pres