Economic burden of ventilator associated pneumonia in a developing country

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) developed in 96 (60%) of 159 patients with 37.2 cases per 1000 ventilation-days in a medical intensive care unit (MICU). Median time for VAP development was 5.5 days (range: 2-25). The most significant risk factors for VAP were stay in hospital before MICU and length of stay in MICU. The mean length of stay in MICU for VAP patients was 23.8 +/- 19.8 days, which was four-fold higher than for non-VAP patients. The daily cost for VAP patients was half that for non-VAP patients. The total costs for VAP patients were about three-fold higher than for non-VAP patients. (C) 2012 The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand chiral nanoclusters

Chiral mixed ligand silver nanoclusters were synthesized in the presence of a chiral and an achiral ligand. The ratio of the ligands was changed to track the formation of these clusters. While the chiral ligand lead to nanoparticles, Presence of the achiral ligand induced the formation of nanoclusters with chiral properties

Clinical approach for the classification of congenital uterine malformations

A more objective, accurate and non-invasive estimation of uterine morphology is nowadays feasible based on the use of modern imaging techniques. The validity of the current classification systems in effective categorization of the female genital malformations has been already challenged. A new clinical approach for the classification of uterine anomalies is proposed. Deviation from normal uterine anatomy is the basic characteristic used in analogy to the American Fertility Society classification. The embryological origin of the anomalies is used as a secondary parameter. Uterine anomalies are classified into the following classes: 0, normal uterus; I, dysmorphic uterus; II, septate uterus (absorption defect); III, dysfused uterus (fusion defect); IV, unilateral formed uterus (formation defect); V, aplastic or dysplastic uterus (formation defect); VI, for still unclassified cases. A subdivision of these main classes to further anatomical varieties with clinical significance is also presented. The new proposal has been designed taking into account the experience gained from the use of the currently available classification systems and intending to be as simple as possible, clear enough and accurate as well as open for further development. This proposal could be used as a starting point for a working group of experts in the field

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

The first regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of homochiral perhydroimidazoisoxazoles via the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of imidazoline 3-oxides with (1S)- (-)-beta-pinene

WOS: 000170127000012The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of imidazoline 1-oxides I with (1S)-(-)-beta -pinene proceeds regio- and diastereoselectively to give homochiral perhydroimidazoisoxazole derivatives 3 in high yields in the cases of imidazoline 3-oxides 1a-e but in low yields in the reactions of If g. The preferred attack of (1S)-(-)-beta -pinene to the cyclic nitrone was shown to be anti-endo. The reaction of racemic nitrones (+/-)-1f g with the homochiral beta -pinene gave the adduct from (lie (S)-nitrone and the corresponding imidazole. The adducts 3 Undergo retro-1,3-dipolar cycloaddition when heated in the condensed phase or in diphenyl ether to give the corresponding imidazole and beta -pinene. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Efficacy of an Insulin Infusion Treatment Protocol Administered in a Medical Intensive Care Unit

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of insulin infusion treatment protocol in the Medical Intensive Care Unit