Agricultura familiar, o cultivo da cebola no município de Ituporanga e a saída do jovem do campo

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. História.O presente trabalho tem por objetivo identificar os motivos que levam o jovem a deixar o campo. Muitas pesquisas já foram realizadas com esta temática, no entanto, no município de Ituporanga essa questão ainda não havia sido abordada. Como grande produtora de cebola, o município depende da mão de obra jovem, para dar continuidade nas atividades agrícolas, principalmente, o da cebola que depende muito desses trabalhadores. O abandono do campo pelos jovens traz sérias consequências para continuidade da lavoura e para manutenção da produtividade. A saída do campo na região em que predomina a agricultura familiar atinge principalmente as populações mais jovens, em especial as mulheres, no município em questão pode se observar um número muito maior de homens jovens, o que Abramovay, denominou como “masculinizacão” do campo

Oral conditions and salivary analysis in HIV-uninfected subjects using preexposure prophylaxis

New prevention strategies have been advocated to control the progression of HIV/AIDS, such as preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential changes in the oral and salivary conditions of HIV-uninfected subjects using PrEP. Subjects were evaluated before beginning the medication (T0), at the first follow-up (T1), and at the second follow-up (T2). Xerostomia, presence of untreated cavitated caries, oral hygiene habits, taste, gingival and plaque index, stimulated salivary flow rate (SSFR), and salivary concentrations of calcium, glucose, urea, and total proteins were evaluated. Data obtained were analyzed using statistical tests (p0.05), except for the salivary calcium concentration, that increased at T2 compared to T1 (p=0.02). There was significant difference between taste and xerostomia at T1 (p=0.017), and the need to drink to swallow at T2 (p=0.015). There was significant correlation between the reported amount of saliva and taste (p=0.039, r=-0.378) at T1. The prolonged use of PrEP seems to be associated with reports of dry mouth and worsening of taste, possibly associated with increased salivary calcium concentration

Espinha bífida, diplomielia e múltiplas malformações em um cordeiro Texel

This report described the clinical and pathological aspects of open spina bifida and diplomyelia along with multiple congenital malformations in a Texel lamb. Clinically, paresis of the thoracic limbs, paralysis of the pelvic limbs and a cutaneous opening in the lumbosacral region were observed. At necropsy, there was a focally extensive disruption of the skin associated with an absence of the dorsal portions of the lumbosacral vertebrae. Additionally, diplomyelia of the lumbar segment, mild hydromyelia of thoracic segment, and moderate communicating hydrocephalus of the lateral and third ventricles were noted. Possible viral etiologies (bovine viral diarrhea virus, bluetongue virus, and Schmallemberg virus) were not detected by RT-PCR, and toxic plants were not identified. Therefore, a possible genetic cause may not be discarded.Este trabalho descreve os aspectos clínicos e patológicos de um caso de espinha bífida aberta e diplomielia, além de múltiplas malformações, em um cordeiro Texel. Clinicamente, este apresentava paresia de membros torácicos, paralisia dos membros pélvicos e uma abertura cutânea na região lombossacral desde o nascimento. À necropsia, visualizou-se solução de continuidade na pele e ausência das porções dorsais das vértebras lombossacrais. Além disso, observou-se diplomielia em segmento lombar, hidromielia discreta de segmento torácico e hidrocefalia comunicante moderada de ventrículos laterais e terceiro ventrículo. Possíveis etiologias virais (vírus da diarreia viral bovina, vírus da língua azul e Schmallemberg virus) não foram detectadas através de RT-PCR, e possíveis plantas tóxicas não foram identificadas. Portanto, uma causa genética não pode ser descartada

Inibição de enzimas digestivas por extratos de pó comercial de Hoodia gordonii utilizado no tratamento da obesidade

Ethnopharmacological evidence supporting the inhibitory effect of appetite and weight loss Hoodia gordonii (Apocynaceae) native to Africa and sold worldwide for the treatment of obesity. However, such effects have been demonstrated only by its active ingredient, the glycoside P57. There are no studies related to the presence of compounds such as enzyme inhibitors, in commercial samples of the plant, which may participate or even be responsible for the proposed effects. The objective of this study was to test the inhibition of digestive enzymes with commercial samples of H. gordonii powder (PHG). Analysis was performed, inhibition of the enzymes α-amylase, α and β-glycosidases, lipase and trypsin in the presence and absence of a simulated gastric fluid. Inhibitions were detected (expressed in units of enzyme inhibited, UEI) only the α and β glucosidases, with differences between samples. For α-glycosidase inhibition was greater in the presence (50.5 and 29.8) in the absence (10.4 and 16.7) of gastric fluid samples for HA and HB, respectively. As for β-glycosidase inhibition was not detected (25.5 and 12.9) in the absence of gastric fluid, for both samples. The results indicate that the samples PHG are only able to inhibit the digestive enzymes α and β glycosides in satisfactory levels according to the literature, especially for the first one. The presence of this inhibitory activity may therefore explain part of the slimming effect of the PHG, attributed so far only the action of the active glycoside P57. Despite the inhibition assays have shown the same answers qualitatively for the two samples, quantitative differences are found, raising questions about the standardization of commercial extracts.Evidências etnofarmacológicas sustentam o efeito inibidor do apetite e emagrecedor da Hoodia gordonii (Apocynaceae) nativa do continente africano e comercializada no mundo todo para o tratamento da obesidade. Porém, tais efeitos foram demonstrados apenas pelo seu princípio ativo, o glicosídeo P57. Não há estudos relacionados à presença de inibidores enzimáticos em amostras comerciais da planta, que podem participar ou mesmo serem responsáveis pelos efeitos propostos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar ensaios de inibição de enzimas digestivas com amostras comerciais do pó de H. gordonii (PHG). Foram realizadas análises de inibição das enzimas α-amilase, α e β-glicosidases, lipase e tripsina na presença e ausência de um fluído gástrico simulado. Foram detectadas inibições (expressas em unidades de enzima inibida, UEI) apenas das α e β glicosidases, com diferenças entre as amostras. Para α-glicosidase, a inibição foi maior na presença (50,5 e 29,8) que na ausência (10,4 e 16,7) do fluido gástrico para as amostras HA e HB, respectivamente. Já para β-glicosidase, a inibição só foi detectada (25,5 e 12,9) na ausência do fluído gástrico, para ambas as amostras. Os resultados indicam que as amostras de PHG são capazes de inibir somente as enzimas digestivas α e β-glicosidases, em níveis considerados satisfatórios segundo a literatura, especialmente para a primeira. A presença dessa atividade inibitória pode explicar, portanto, parte do efeito emagrecedor dos PHG, até então atribuído somente à ação do glicosídeo ativo P57. Apesar dos ensaios de inibição terem mostrado qualitativamente as mesmas respostas para as duas amostras, quantitativamente diferenças são encontradas, levantando questionamentos quanto à padronização dos extratos comerciais

Brazilian Education, National Education Parameters and Quality for Education: New Horizons

Under emergency conditions in the Brazilian educational system, since the turn of the 21st century, the National Curriculum Parameters consist of guidelines elaborated by the Federal Government with the purpose of guiding education, being separated by discipline. It is understood that reflective practice and critical involvement, in the context of extracting recreations in teaching, support debates and the development of teachers\u27 productions and educational projects at the school, encourage reflection not only on pedagogical practice, but also about the planning of classes. Therefore, the objective of this work is to re-discuss, under the spectacles of the dialogic approach, some national parameters of education that govern Brazilian education, considering the expansion and potentializing of studies already carried out on the subject

Brazilian Consensus on Photoprotection

Brazil is a country of continental dimensions with a large heterogeneity of climates and massive mixing of the population. Almost the entire national territory is located between the Equator and the Tropic of Capricorn, and the Earth axial tilt to the south certainly makes Brazil one of the countries of the world with greater extent of land in proximity to the sun. The Brazilian coastline, where most of its population lives, is more than 8,500 km long. Due to geographic characteristics and cultural trends, Brazilians are among the peoples with the highest annual exposure to the sun. Epidemiological data show a continuing increase in the incidence of nonmelanoma and melanoma skin cancers. Photoprotection can be understood as a set of measures aimed at reducing sun exposure and at preventing the development of acute and chronic actinic damage. Due to the peculiarities of Brazilian territory and culture, it would not be advisable to replicate the concepts of photoprotection from other developed countries, places with completely different climates and populations. Thus the Brazilian Society of Dermatology has developed the Brazilian Consensus on Photoprotection, the first official document on photoprotection developed in Brazil for Brazilians, with recommendations on matters involving photoprotection

As manifestações clínicas do portador de paralisia facial

Introdução: A paralisia facial e um sintoma de um transtorno de base resultante em imobilidade e incapacidade de executar a mímica facial e a expressão emotiva. São várias as etiologias deste acometimento, sendo a classificação em paralisia facial periférica, representada classicamente pela paralisia de Bell e a central, pelo acidente vascular encefálico, adotada para auxiliar na investigação e seguimento clínico adequado. Objetivo: Descrever sobre a paralisia facial, com foco em características clínicas que propiciem ao diagnóstico precoce, medidas terapêuticas e restauração imediata. Metodologia: Revisão narrativa que selecionou artigos disponibilizados na íntegra publicados no recorte temporal de 2008 até 2022. Resultados: Dos 10 artigos incluídos neste estudo, todos realizaram uma ampla análise sobre a temática, a qual propiciou a disseminação de informações atualizadas sobre conceito, diagnóstico diferencial entre duas condições clínicas opostas resultantes em paralisia facial, manifestações, avaliação clínica e manejo adequado. Conclusão: Estudos ainda urgem em ser feitos no intuito de orientar melhor os profissionais e a comunidade a respeito da paralisia facial e a importância que possui o acompanhamento e seguimento precoce. Destarte,

Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart.): a study of value chain and processing

This article aims to discuss the needs and problems of marolo value chain, as well as to evaluate the rehydration process of this fruit as a possibility of using it as a by-product during the interharvest growth periods. The study of the value chain included interviews with producers, handlers, and fruit and by-product sellers. In order to evaluate the rehydration process of this fruit, marolo was dehydrated using a conventional procedure and freeze-drying. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design and a triple factorial scheme (2 × 2 × 6). ANOVA was performed, followed by the Tukey's test (p < 0.05). Regression models were generated and adjusted for the time factor. The precariousness of the value chain of marolo was observed. The best procedure for marolo dehydration should be determined according to the intended use of the dehydrated product since the water-absorption capacity of the flour is higher and convective hot-air-drying is more effective in retaining soluble solids and reducing damage to the fruit. These results aim at contributing to the marolo value chain and to the preservation of native trees in the Brazilian savanna biome and can be used to analyze other underutilized crops