A specialized prey-capture apparatus in mid-Cretaceous rove beetles

Cai et al. report specialized prey-capture structures in two species of the stenine rove beetles from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. The discovery provides critical information about the origin and early evolution of both the novel predatory structure and of the subfamily Steninae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)

Integrated Structure and Semantics for Reo Connectors and Petri Nets

In this paper, we present an integrated structural and behavioral model of Reo connectors and Petri nets, allowing a direct comparison of the two concurrency models. For this purpose, we introduce a notion of connectors which consist of a number of interconnected, user-defined primitives with fixed behavior. While the structure of connectors resembles hypergraphs, their semantics is given in terms of so-called port automata. We define both models in a categorical setting where composition operations can be elegantly defined and integrated. Specifically, we formalize structural gluings of connectors as pushouts, and joins of port automata as pullbacks. We then define a semantical functor from the connector to the port automata category which preserves this composition. We further show how to encode Reo connectors and Petri nets into this model and indicate applications to dynamic reconfigurations modeled using double pushout graph transformation

Interviewing suspects: examining the association between skills, questioning, evidence disclosure, and interview outcomes

The interviewing of suspects is an important element in the investigation of crime. However, studies concerning actual performance of investigators when undertaking such interviews remain sparse. Nevertheless, in England and Wales, since the introduction of a prescribed framework over 20 years ago, field studies have generally shown an improvement in interviewing performance, notwithstanding ongoing concerns largely relating to the more demanding aspects (such as building/maintaining rapport, intermittent summarising and the logical development of topics). Using a sample of 70 real-life interviews, the present study examined questioning and various evidence disclosure strategies (which have also been found demanding), examining their relationships between interview skills and interview outcomes. It was found that when evidence was disclosed gradually (but revealed later), interviews were generally both more skilled and involved the gaining of comprehensive accounts, whereas when evidence was disclosed either early or very late, interviews were found to be both less skilled and less likely to involve this outcome. These findings contribute towards an increased research base for the prescribed framework

Evaluation of a group acceptance commitment therapy intervention for people with knee or hip osteoarthritis: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate an Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention for people with knee or hip osteoarthritis; a related aim was to compare treatment effects from Rasch-transformed and standard scales. Methods: Participants were recruited from a research database and outpatient rheumatology and orthopaedic clinics at two hospitals. Eligible participants were randomly allocated to either intervention or usual care. Intervention comprised six-sessions of group ACT. Outcomes were assessed two and four months after randomisation. Rasch-transformed and standard self-report measures were compared. Qualitative interviews also explored the acceptability of the intervention. Results: Of 8 people assessed for eligibility, 31 (36%) were randomised. The main reason for non-randomisation was that participants received surgery. Of the 16 participants randomised to intervention, 64% completed ≥50% of the scheduled group sessions. Follow-up data was complete for 84% participants at two months and 68% at four months. Outcome analysis demonstrated important differences between the Rasch-transformed and standard scales. There were significant differences between the groups in pain. Qualitative interviews with 7 participants suggested the intervention was acceptable. Conclusions: ACT for osteoarthritis is likely to be an acceptable treatment option for people with osteoarthritis. Progress to a definitive trial is warranted. Rasch-transformed outcome scales are preferable in clinical trials where possible

Clastic injectites, internal structures and flow regime during injection: the Sea Lion Injectite System, North Falkland Basin

This paper details and describes a suite of 143 sub‐seismic‐scale clastic injectites encountered within the early Cretaceous, early post‐rift of the deep‐lacustrine North Falkland Basin. The injectites, referred to here as the Sea Lion Injectite System, are encountered below, above and in between the hydrocarbon‐bearing, deep‐lacustrine turbidite sandstones of the Bleaker 15, Sea Lion North, Sea Lion, Casper and Beverley fans. Sedimentary structures are documented within the injectites including: planar laminations, mud‐clast imbrication and clast alignment. Clasts align along centimetre‐scale foresets formed through ripple‐scale bedform migration in a hydraulically‐open fracture. The style of flow within the injectite system is interpreted as initially through fluid turbulence during an open fracture phase, which was followed by a later stage where laminar flow dominated, most likely during the closing phase of the fracture system. The host rocks display evidence for ductile deformation, which along with ptygmatic folding of dykes and internally injected mud‐clasts, suggests a period of injection into relatively uncompacted sediments. Evidence for brittle fracturing, in the form of stepped margins may be indicative of a separate phase of emplacement into more‐compacted sediments. This variability in deformation styles is related to multi‐phased injection episodes into host strata at different stages of consolidation and lithification at shallow burial depths. Injectites have been identified in four stratigraphic groupings: above the Bleaker 15 Fan and within/above the Sea Lion North Fan; within the hydrocarbon‐bearing Sea Lion Fan; overlying the Sea Lion Fan; and above/below the hydrocarbon‐bearing Casper and Beverley fans. This spatial association with the hydrocarbon‐bearing fans of the North Falkland Basin is important, considering the ability of injectite networks to form effective fluid‐flow conduits in the subsurface. Consequently, the findings of this study will improve the characterization of sub‐seismic scale injectites (and therefore fluid conduits) within otherwise impermeable strata

Adapting treatment approaches for dentigerous cysts in paediatric and adult patients: A case series

From Wiley via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: received 2019-12-23, accepted 2020-10-10, pub-electronic 2020-11-27, pub-print 2021-08Article version: VoRPublication status: PublishedAbstract: Dentigerous cysts are common odontogenic cysts treated through surgical enucleation. This article presents paediatric and adult cases where surgical planning and treatment of dentigerous cysts were adapted according to various clinical challenges. Additionally, spontaneous regression of a dentigerous cyst associated with a maxillary canine is reported

The impact of exchanging the light and heavy chains on the structures of bovine ultralong antibodies

The third complementary‐determining regions of the heavy‐chain (CDR3H) variable regions (VH) of some cattle antibodies are highly extended, consisting of 48 or more residues. These `ultralong' CDR3Hs form β‐ribbon stalks that protrude from the surface of the antibody with a disulfide cross‐linked knob region at their apex that dominates antigen interactions over the other CDR loops. The structure of the Fab fragment of a naturally paired bovine ultralong antibody (D08), identified by single B‐cell sequencing, has been determined to 1.6 Å resolution. By swapping the D08 native light chain with that of an unrelated antigen‐unknown ultralong antibody, it is shown that interactions between the CDR3s of the variable domains potentially affect the fine positioning of the ultralong CDR3H; however, comparison with other crystallographic structures shows that crystalline packing is also a major contributor. It is concluded that, on balance, the exact positioning of ultralong CDR3H loops is most likely to be due to the constraints of crystal packing

Introduction : screen Londons

Our aim, in editing the ‘London Issue’ of this journal, is to contribute to a conversation between scholars of British cinema and television, London historians and scholars of the cinematic city. In 2007, introducing the themed issue on ‘Space and Place in British Cinema and Television’, Steve Chibnall and Julian Petley observed that it would have been possible to fill the whole journal with essays about the representation of London. This issue does just that, responding to the increased interest in cinematic and, to a lesser extent, televisual, Londons, while also demonstrating the continuing fertility of the paradigms of ‘space and place’ for scholars of the moving image1. It includes a wide range of approaches to the topic of London on screen, with varying attention to British institutions of the moving image – such as Channel Four or the British Board of Film Classification – as well as to concepts such as genre, narration and memory. As a whole, the issue, through its juxtapositions of method and approach, shows something of the complexity of encounters between the terms ‘London’, ‘cinema’ and ‘television’ within British film and television studies

Hybrid event bed character and distribution in the context of ancient deep‐lacustrine fan models

Hybrid event beds are texturally and compositionally-diverse deposits preserved within deepwater settings. They are deposited by flows exhibiting ‘mixed behaviour’, forming complex successions of sandstone and mudstone, which are often challenging to predict. Hybrid event beds are documented in deep-marine settings, where they have been thoroughly characterized, and are well-known as effective fluid transmissibility barriers and baffles in reservoirs. By comparison, there are far-fewer studies of hybrid event beds from deep-lacustrine settings, where their character and distribution remains relatively under-explored. In order to provide insights into these deposits, this study presents the detailed analysis of three-dimensional seismic data, wireline logs and core from a series of ancient deep-lacustrine fan systems in the North Falkland Basin. Results confirm that deep-lacustrine hybrid event beds comprise the same idealized sequence of the ‘H1–H5’ divisions. However, in this study H3 ‘debrite’ units can be sub-divided into ‘H3a–H3c’, based on: sharp or erosional intra-H3 contacts, bulk lithology, mud-content and discrete sedimentary textures. This study interprets the H3a–H3c sub-units as the products of multiple flow components formed through significant rearward longitudinal flow transformation processes, during the emplacement of a single hybrid event bed. Hybrid event beds are observed within lobe fringes, where flow types, energies, and transport mechanisms diversify as a result of flow transformation. The temporal context of hybrid event bed occurrences is considered in relation to stages of fan evolution, including: the Initiation; Growth (I); Growth (II); By-pass; Abandonment; and Termination phases. Hybrid event beds are mainly found in either the initiation phase where flow interaction and erosion of initial substrates promoted mixed flow behaviour, or in the abandonment phase as facies belt retreated landward. The results of this study have important implications in terms of flow processes of hybrid event bed emplacement, in particular sub-division of the H3 unit, as well as the prediction of hybrid event bed occurrence and character within ancient deep-lacustrine fan settings, in-general

Feature Nets: behavioural modelling of software product lines

Software product lines (SPL) are diverse systems that are developed using a dual engineering process: (a)family engineering defines the commonality and variability among all members of the SPL, and (b) application engineering derives specific products based on the common foundation combined with a variable selection of features. The number of derivable products in an SPL can thus be exponential in the number of features. This inherent complexity poses two main challenges when it comes to modelling: Firstly, the formalism used for modelling SPLs needs to be modular and scalable. Secondly, it should ensure that all products behave correctly by providing the ability to analyse and verify complex models efficiently. In this paper we propose to integrate an established modelling formalism (Petri nets) with the domain of software product line engineering. To this end we extend Petri nets to Feature Nets. While Petri nets provide a framework for formally modelling and verifying single software systems, Feature Nets offer the same sort of benefits for software product lines. We show how SPLs can be modelled in an incremental, modular fashion using Feature Nets, provide a Feature Nets variant that supports modelling dynamic SPLs, and propose an analysis method for SPL modelled as Feature Nets. By facilitating the construction of a single model that includes the various behaviours exhibited by the products in an SPL, we make a significant step towards efficient and practical quality assurance methods for software product lines