Cistoadenoma mucinoso hepático: Hepatic mucinous cystadenoma

Hepatic cystadenoma is a very rare neoplasm, with less than 250 cases reported in the world literature, which occurs more frequently in women. Due to the difficulty of differentiating the simple cyst and the hydatid cyst with the hepatic cystadenoma; as well as its recurrence and possibility of dysplasia or carcinoma, if it is not treated by complete resection, we present the case of a woman of 56 years old with history of simple hepatic cyst treated on 2 occasions with simple hepatic cyst unroofing and that they relapsed, so it was a hepatic cystadenoma. DOI:10.25176/RFMH.v19.n2.2075El cistoadenoma hepático es una neoplasia muy rara, con menos de 250 casos reportados en la literatura mundial, que se da con mayor frecuencia en mujeres. Por la dificultad de diferenciar el quiste simple y el quiste hidatídico con el cistoadenoma hepático; así como su recidiva y posibilidad de displasia o carcinoma, si no es tratado mediante resección completa, es que presentamos el caso de una mujer de 56 años con historia de quiste hepático simple tratado en 2 oportunidades con destechamiento simple y que recidivaron, ya que se trataba de un cistoadenoma hepático. DOI:10.25176/RFMH.v19.n2.207

A simple method for short-term storage and transportation of spermatophores of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei )

The development of a shipping method for spermatophores of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei would open new opportunities for sharing and improving genetic resources of shrimp worldwide. Seventy spermatophores were collected daily for 5 days (a total of 350 spermatophores from 175 shrimp), packed in microcentrifuge tubes containing 100 ?L of an extender solution, and placed in a Styrofoam box supplied with a thermal insulating layer and refrigerant pack to keep the samples cooled at ~14°C. Shipment of samples took ~26 hours. At arrival, spermatophores were randomly sampled either as soon as the box arrived (~27 h, Group A) or five hours later (~32 h, Group B) to assess sperm viability. Spermatozoal morphology was evaluated by microscopy (100 cells per shrimp). Cells without spikes or irregular in shape were recorded as abnormal; otherwise cell morphology was recorded as normal. Spermatozoal viability was assessed by flow cytometry, whereby three populations were identified: (1) cells with intact cytoplasmatic membrane (viable), (2) cells with disrupted membrane (non-viable), and (3) cells in transition, changing from intact to disrupted membrane (transitional). Significant differences were found in spermatozoal morphology between group A and B (p = 0.002), with the highest percentage of normal spermatozoa (92 + 15%) found in Group A. No significant differences were found in viable (p = 0.723) and transitional spermatophore populations (p = 0.595) assessed by flow cytometry. Non-viable populations increased with time in storage (p = 0.039). The highest percentage of non-viable cells (81 + 7%) was obtained in Group B. These results indicate that spermatophores can be cooled and transported to distant locations maintaining normal morphology and viability. These indirect quality indicators suggest that spermatozoa may be used for different purposes, including artificial insemination.The development of a shipping method for spermatophores of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei would open new opportunities for sharing and improving genetic resources of shrimp worldwide. Seventy spermatophores were collected daily for 5 days (a total of 350 spermatophores from 175 shrimp), packed in microcentrifuge tubes containing 100 ?L of an extender solution, and placed in a Styrofoam box supplied with a thermal insulating layer and refrigerant pack to keep the samples cooled at ~14°C. Shipment of samples took ~26 hours. At arrival, spermatophores were randomly sampled either as soon as the box arrived (~27 h, Group A) or five hours later (~32 h, Group B) to assess sperm viability. Spermatozoal morphology was evaluated by microscopy (100 cells per shrimp). Cells without spikes or irregular in shape were recorded as abnormal; otherwise cell morphology was recorded as normal. Spermatozoal viability was assessed by flow cytometry, whereby three populations were identified: (1) cells with intact cytoplasmatic membrane (viable), (2) cells with disrupted membrane (non-viable), and (3) cells in transition, changing from intact to disrupted membrane (transitional). Significant differences were found in spermatozoal morphology between group A and B (p = 0.002), with the highest percentage of normal spermatozoa (92 + 15%) found in Group A. No significant differences were found in viable (p = 0.723) and transitional spermatophore populations (p = 0.595) assessed by flow cytometry. Non-viable populations increased with time in storage (p = 0.039). The highest percentage of non-viable cells (81 + 7%) was obtained in Group B. These results indicate that spermatophores can be cooled and transported to distant locations maintaining normal morphology and viability. These indirect quality indicators suggest that spermatozoa may be used for different purposes, including artificial insemination

Uso irracional de antibióticos en infecciones respiratorias agudas superiores, en pacientes menores de cinco años que consultan en la Unidad Comunitaria de Salud Familiar Básica San Francisco Menéndez, Ahuachapàn en el período de marzo a agosto del año 2019

Determinar el perfil epidemiológico de estos pacientes, para llevar a cabo la investigación se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal, con un universo de 268 niños entre las edades de 0 a 5 años, y una muestra de 40 niños que cumplían criterios de inclusión al estudio. Las Infecciones Respiratorias Agudas Superiores, se encuentran dentro de las principales causas de morbilidad en el país, y es la población pediátrica la más afectada por dicha patología. Aún se considera que la mayoría de las IRAS son de etiología viral, poco peligrosas y auto limitadas las cuales solo requieren tratamiento sintomático. Sin embargo, el uso irracional de antibióticos para tratar dichas afecciones, ha ocasionado hoy en día un problema de salud pública, ya que en 75 % del total de antibióticos prescritos se les atribuye a los tratamientos antibióticos proporcionados

Pregnancy Success in Bitches - Evaluation of Interactions between Artificial Insemination Method, Serum Progesterone Concentration and Vaginal Cytology Parameters

Background: The artificial insemination has become a well-established method in the breeding of bitches, and evaluation of the factors that may potentially affect pregnancy success is essential. For this reason, it is essential to evaluate the factors that may affect fertility of the bitch when artificial insemination is performed. Serum progesterone concentrations and vaginal cytology have been used to determine the time of ovulation and stage of the estrus cycle. This study aimed to evaluate the artificial insemination method, the serum progesterone concentration, the breed size, age, the whelping number, vaginal cytology parameters, and their interactions on pregnancy success in bitches. Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 607 bitches that had undergone reproductive consultation with the Mexican Canine Federation from January to December 2016 were enrolled in the present study and assigned to one of 2 artificial insemination methods (intravaginal and transcervical) using fresh semen. Determination of the estrus cycle phase and the time of Artificial insemination was based on vaginal cytology and serum progesterone concentrations. Bitches inseminated by the transcervical technique had a higher pregnancy rate with respect to females inseminated by the intravaginal technique (P < 0.05). Moreover, females with a serum progesterone concentration of 5-10 ng/mL had a greater probability (> 4 times) of getting pregnant than animals with lower or higher progesterone concentrations (P < 0.05). Bitches inseminated by the intravaginal technique and with serum progesterone concentrations >10 ng/mL had a considerable reduction in pregnancy (P < 0.05) compared with females with < 10 ng/mL serum progesterone or with bitches inseminated by the transcervical technique. Discusion: Serum progesterone concentration, the artificial insemination method, and superficial cells without a nucleus modified the pregnancy rate in bitches. Females inseminated by transcervical semen deposition had a higher pregnancy rate than females inseminated by the intravaginal technique. Using fresh or frozen-thawed semen produced a higher pregnancy rate in bitches inseminated by transcervical semen deposition than females inseminated by the intravaginal technique. Differences in the pregnancy rate between transcervical and intravaginal insemination could be associated with the correct semen disposition, the distance that the sperm must travel to reach the oocyte, as well as the number of sperm that reach the oviduct ampulla. Exist evidences that after ovulation, as progesterone rises, the cervix is closed, which may compromise the passage of the sperm deposited into the vagina. Therefore, it is likely that in females with a serum progesterone concentration > 10 ng/mL, the cervix was closed, compromising the ability of the sperm to access the oviduct. Thus, the use of intravaginal insemination should be done in bitches with a serum progesterone concentrations < 11 ng/mL to reduce the possibility of cervical closure and to increase the odds of pregnancy. It is well documented that the serum progesterone concentration and vaginal cytology parameters have a great influence on pregnancy success, and the results confirm these findings. In the present study, 96% of the bitches inseminated with a serum progesterone concentration of 5-10 ng/mL got pregnant and had higher odds of pregnancy than bitches with lower or higher serum progesterone concentrations. Keywords: female dogs, reproductive performance, pregnancy rate, fertility, intravaginal, transcervical, fresh, semen

Microenseñanza y prácticas preprofesionales en los estudiantes de inglés, Universidad Nacional de Educación, 2021

The objective of this study was to establish the degree of correlation between microteaching and continuous pre-professional practice in the students of the 2017 promotion of the Academic Department of Foreign Languages. The research was carried out under the quantitative approach, descriptive method and descriptive-correlational design with a census sample made up of 100 students. As instruments, a questionnaire on microteaching and another on continuous pre-professional practice were used, both validated by expert judgment. The results indicate that, with a significance level of 0.05, a p-value = 0.000 and a Pearson's R correlation = 0.495** were obtained, so the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis that states that there is a positive and significant degree of relationship between microteaching and Continuous PPP in English students, National University of Education, 2021. This result coincides with the work of Toro (2017), who concluded that there is a relationship between microteaching and PPP. Continuous PPP (Chi Square test = 39.236). It is recommended to promote in the drivers of pre-professional practices the use of micro-teaching to strengthen the didactic, communicative and digital skills of future teachers.El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer el grado de correlación entre la microenseñanza y la práctica preprofesional continua en los estudiantes de la promoción 2017 del Departamento Académico de Lenguas Extranjeras. La investigación se realizó bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, método descriptivo y diseño descriptivo-correlacional con una muestra censal conformada por 100 estudiantes. Como instrumentos, se empleó un cuestionario sobre la microenseñanza y otro sobre la práctica preprofesional continua, ambos validados por juicio de expertos. Los resultados indican que, con un nivel de significancia de 0,05, se obtuvo un p-valor = 0,000 y una correlación R de Pearson = 0,495**, por lo que se rechaza la hipótesis nula y se acepta la hipótesis alternativa que afirma que existe un grado de relación positivo y significativo entre la microenseñanza y la PPP Continua en los estudiantes de inglés, Universidad Nacional de Educación, 2021. Este resultado coincide con el trabajo de Toro (2017) quién concluyó que existe relación entre la microenseñanza y la PPP continua (prueba Chi Cuadrado = 39,236).  Se recomienda promover en los conductores de las prácticas preprofesionales el uso de la microenseñanza para fortalecer las competencias didáctica, comunicativa y digital de los futuros profesores

Morfología del sistema reproductor y del espermatóforo de Litopenaeus vannamei, camarón blanco del Pacífico

In order to advance in the knowledge of the male reproductive system of Litopanaeus vannamei, the anatomical description of its reproductive system in sexually mature animals was performed. Animals were obtained from a Mexican shrimp hatchery, located in Sinaloa, Mexico. To describe the anatomy, a) 8 male reproductive systems were removed; b) 10 spermatophores compounds were extracted from naturally inseminated females; and c) 40 sperm sacs derived from the right and the left ampulla were manually extracted. In general, the reproductive system was found similar to the observed in other species of the genus Penaeus. However, differences in the shape of the testes and of the terminal ampulla that are characteristic of this species were observed. An area located between the anterior vas deferens and the middle duct, known in other species as blind pouch, was observed. The compound spermatophore is a structure that has been described anatomically, although when freshly extracted it is difficult to observe because the type of substances that compose it and because of the morphological changes introduced when it contacts water. In each sperm sac of the spermatophore, sperm chamber is located from its medial to its distal part, with the highest concentration of sperm in the distal region.Con el objetivo de aportar información al conocimiento del sistema reproductor en machos de Litopenaeus vannamei, se elaboró la descripción anatómica de su sistema reproductor, empleando para ello machos sexualmente maduros, obtenidos de un laboratorio productor de larvas ubicado en Sinaloa, México. Para hacer la descripción, se obtuvieron por disección: a) los órganos reproductores completos de 8 machos; b) 10 espermatóforos compuestos que fueron extraídos de hembras inseminadas naturalmente; y c) 40 sacos espermáticos extraídos manualmente de las ámpulas derecha e izquierda. El sistema reproductor se asemeja al de otras especies del género Penaeus, sin embargo, posee diferencias en la forma de los testículos y del ámpula terminal, que lo hace característico de esta especie. También se localizó un área diferenciada entre el conducto deferente anterior y el conducto deferente medio que ha sido denominada en otras especies como saco ciego. El espermatóforo compuesto es una estructura que ha sido descrita anatómicamente, aunque su observación en fresco es difícil de realizar por el tipo de sustancias que lo forman y los cambios morfológicos que presenta al tener contacto con el agua. En cada uno de las sacos espermáticos del espermatóforo, la cámara espermática abarca desde la parte media hasta la parte distal del mismo, encontrándose la mayor concentración de espermatozoides en la región distal

Actividad antihelmíntica in vivo de hojas de Acacia cochliacantha sobre Haemonchus contortus en cabritos Boer

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing the maintenance diet of Boer goat kids with Acacia cochliacantha leaves. The endpoints evaluated were Haemonchus contortus fecal egg count (FEC) and water and dry matter intake. Two experimental treatments were evaluated on ten recently weaned goat kids (16.850 ± 1.630 kg of initial live weight and three months of age) experimentally infested with H. contortus larvae (L3) (350 larvae per live weight kilogram). Treatment 1 (T1) served as the control and consisted of infested animals without diet supplementation with A. cochliacantha leaves. Treatment 2 (T2) consisted of infested animals fed diets supplemented with 5% of A. cochliacantha leaves. Animals were grouped from highest to lowest based on their FEC. The two animals groups with the highest values were randomly assigned to T1 or T2; this was repeated until completing five repetitions per treatment. The evaluated variables were: FEC (per gram of feces), water intake, and dry matter intake (DMI). The results show that goat kids fed diets with 5% of A. cochliacantha leaves have lower (P 0.05). Se concluye que la adición de hojas de A. cochliacantha en dietas para cabritos tienen actividad antihelmíntica, por lo que esta leguminosa arbórea podría representar una opción en el manejo integral de la nematodiasis de cabritos Boer en crecimiento

Impact of preemptive hospitalization on health outcomes at the temporary COVID-19 hospital in Mexico City: a prospective observational study.

INTRODUCTION: In response to the evolution of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the admission protocol for the temporary COVID-19 hospital in Mexico City has been updated to hospitalize patients preemptively with an oxygen saturation (SpO2) of >90%. METHODS: This prospective, observational, single-center study compared the progression and outcomes of patients who were preemptively hospitalized versus those who were hospitalized based on an SpO2 ⩽90%. We recorded patient demographics, clinical characteristics, COVID-19 symptoms, and oxygen requirement at admission. We calculated the risk of disease progression and the benefit of preemptive hospitalization, stratified by CALL Score: age, lymphocyte count, and lactate dehydrogenase (<8 and ⩾8) at admission. RESULTS: Preemptive hospitalization significantly reduced the requirement for oxygen therapy (odds ratio 0.45, 95% confidence interval 0.31-0.66), admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) (0.37, 0.23-0.60), requirement for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) (0.40, 0.25-0.64), and mortality (0.22, 0.10-0.50). Stratification by CALL score at admission showed that the benefit of preemptive hospitalization remained significant for patients requiring oxygen therapy (0.51, 0.31-0.83), admission to the ICU (0.48, 0.27-0.86), and IMV (0.51, 0.28-0.92). Mortality risk remained significantly reduced (0.19, 0.07-0.48). CONCLUSION: Preemptive hospitalization reduced the rate of disease progression and may be beneficial for improving COVID-19 patient outcomes

Territorios sustentables en contexto de pandemia

La obra ofrece trabajos que brindan un conocimiento científico sobre el impacto de la pandemia en la salud, la economía, el ambiente y los territorios y se plantean desafíos para hacer más sostenible la vida en las ciudades y en el campo para insertarse y poder competir a nivel global

Procesos de Oxidación avanzada en el tratamiento de agua

A lo largo de este libro diversos autores especializados exponen el tema permitiendo al lector encontrar desde principios básicos, hasta aplicaciones de procesos, resultando ser una fuente de consulta con una visión amplia de los procesos de oxidación avanzada y sus aplicaciones dentro del tratamiento de agua.El agua es un líquido vital, sin ella no podemos subsistir. Además de usarla en nuestro hogar, se utiliza en gran variedad de procesos industriales para la transformación de materias primas en productos terminados. El agua usada industrialmente cambia su composición fisicoquímica, ya que agregamos un sinfín de compuestos orgánicos e inorgánicos. Por ello, es necesario desarrollar nuevas metodologías que permitan de manera segura y eficiente recuperar la calidad del agua usada originalmente para poder usarla.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Méxic