Prevalence and Record of Alcoholism Among Emergency Department Patients

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of alcoholism among inpatients, to identify social and demographic factors associated with this prevalence and to determine its rate of recognition by the medical team. METHODS: The study population consisted of all patients admitted to the emergency room at Hospital São Lucas, Porto Alegre, Brazil, between July and September of 2005. The data were collected in two steps: an interview with the patient and a review of the medical records to investigate the cases of alcoholism recorded by the medical team. The questionnaire consisted of questions concerning social and demographic data, smoking habits and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. RESULTS: We interviewed 248 patients. Twenty-eight (11.3%) were identified as alcoholics. Compared to the patients with a negative Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test value (less than 8), those with a positive Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test were more likely to be male, illiterate and smokers. The medical records of 217 (87.5%) patients were reviewed. Only 5 (20.0%) of the 25 patients with a positive Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test whose medical records were reviewed were identified as alcoholics by the medical team. The diagnosis made by the medical team, compared to Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, shows only a 20% sensitivity, 93% specificity and positive and negative predictive values of 29% and 90%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Alcoholism has been underrecognized in patients who are hospitalized, and, as such, this opportunity for possible early intervention is often lost. Key social and demographic factors could provide physicians with risk factors and, when used together with a standardized diagnostic instrument, could significantly improve the rate of identification of alcoholic patients

O uso do software Biomais como subsídio no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de anatomia e fisiologia humana

Digital Technologies are present in contemporary daily life, and it is necessary to integrate them into Education in a meaningful, playful and stimulating way. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the educational effects of the BioMais software – developed by the authors – with students from Basic Education and Higher Education. For that, we carried out software applications with 97 students in three Educational Institutions, whose method of data collection and analysis was based on questionnaires prior to and subsequent to uses, referring to the biological contents of the human digestive and cardiovascular system. We found that the research subjects who used the software had an average hit rate (progress) of 181.3% compared to 33.6% in relation to those who did not use it. Therefore, we recognize that it constitutes an educational instrument capable of supporting, catalyzing and expanding the teaching and learning processes on the subject, benefiting the construction of knowledge of Human Anatomy and Physiology.Las Tecnologías Digitales están presentes en la cotidianidad contemporánea, y es necesario integrarlas a la Educación de manera significativa, lúdica y estimulante. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar los efectos educativos del software BioMais, desarrollado por los autores, con estudiantes de Educación Básica y Superior. Para ello, realizamos aplicaciones informáticas con 97 estudiantes de tres Instituciones Educativas, cuyo método de recolección y análisis de datos se basó en cuestionarios previos y posteriores a los usos, referentes a los contenidos biológicos del sistema digestivo y cardiovascular humano. Encontramos que los sujetos de la investigación que usaron el software tuvieron una tasa de acierto (progreso) promedio de 181,3% en comparación con 33,6% en relación con aquellos que no lo usaron. Por tanto, reconocemos que constituye un instrumento educativo capaz de apoyar, catalizar y ampliar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje sobre el tema, beneficiando la construcción del conocimiento de la Anatomía y Fisiología Humana.As Tecnologias Digitais estão presentes no cotidiano contemporâneo, sendo necessário integrá-las à Educação de forma significativa, lúdica e estimulante. Assim, este estudo objetivou investigar os efeitos educativos do software BioMais – desenvolvido pelos autores – com discentes da Educação Básica e Ensino Superior. Para tanto, realizamos aplicações do software com 97 estudantes em três Instituições de Ensino, cujo método de coleta e análise dos dados pautou-se em questionários prévios e subsequentes às utilizações, referentes aos conteúdos biológicos do sistema digestório e cardiovascular humano. Constatamos que os sujeitos da pesquisa que utilizaram do software obtiveram um índice de acertos (progresso) médio de 181,3% defronte à 33,6% em relação àqueles que não o utilizaram. Portanto, reconhecemos que o mesmo se constitui de um instrumento educacional capaz de apoiar, catalisar e ampliar os processos de ensino e aprendizagem perante à temática, beneficiando a construção dos conhecimentos de Anatomia e Fisiologia Humana. &nbsp

BIOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND BREAKING OF DORMANCY OF SEEDS OF Piptadenia viridiflora (Kunth) Benth

The objective of this study is to evaluate the biometric characteristics and the efficiency of treatments using mechanical scarification and immersion in water at different temperatures to break the dormancy of seeds of surucucu [Piptadenia viridiflora (Kunth) Benth], a tree with several uses and adapted to the semiarid conditions of the northeast of Brazil. The biometric analysis of the seeds was conducted using a digital caliper. The mean length, width, and thickness of 100 seeds were measured. The study adopted a completely randomized experimental design, with six treatments and four repetitions of 25 seeds per plot, totaling 100 seeds per treatment. The experiment consisted of control treatment (seeds without scarification), treatment with mechanical scarification on sandpaper, and heat treatment at 60, 70, 80 and 90 ºC for 5 min. The average size of the seeds was 8.050 mm in length, 6.529 mm in width, and 0.997 mm in thickness. For breaking dormancy, scarification on sandpaper and water immersion at 70 °C produced higher percentages of germination and emerged seedlings.The objective of this study is to evaluate the biometric characteristics and the efficiency of treatments using mechanical scarification and immersion in water at different temperatures to break the dormancy of seeds of surucucu [Piptadenia viridiflora (Kunth) Benth], a tree with several uses and adapted to the semiarid conditions of the northeast of Brazil. The biometric analysis of the seeds was conducted using a digital caliper. The mean length, width, and thickness of 100 seeds were measured. The study adopted a completely randomized experimental design, with six treatments and four repetitions of 25 seeds per plot, totaling 100 seeds per treatment. The experiment consisted of control treatment (seeds without scarification), treatment with mechanical scarification on sandpaper, and heat treatment at 60, 70, 80 and 90 ºC for 5 min. The average size of the seeds was 8.050 mm in length, 6.529 mm in width, and 0.997 mm in thickness. For breaking dormancy, scarification on sandpaper and water immersion at 70 °C produced higher percentages of germination and emerged seedlings

PATIENT CLASSIFICATION AND NURSING STAFF DIMENSIONING IN A PEDIATRIC INPATIENT UNIT

Objective: to describe the implementation of the Patient Classification System and the dimensioning of the nursing staff in a pediatric inpatient unit.Method: a descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study, carried out at a university hospital in the Midwest of Brazil. After the implementation of the Pediatric Patient Classification System, we compiled data from the classifications of the level of care complexity (N=4,639) among patients (n=608) admitted from January to December 2019. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed, including proprietary methodology for staff sizing.Results: there was a prevalence of intermediate care patients. According to the staff dimensioning, there was a surplus (+10) of mid-level workers, and the projected number of nurses (six) was compatible with the available number.Conclusion: the strategic implementation/employment of the Patient Classification System was indispensable for the pediatric nursing staffing forecast, considering that the staffing surplus found should be appreciated with caution

Development of cassava core collections based on morphological and agronomic traits and SNPS markers

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) holds significant importance as one of the world’s key starchy crop species. This study aimed to develop core collections by utilizing both phenotypic data (15 quantitative and 33 qualitative descriptors) and genotypic data (20,023 single-nucleotide polymorphisms) obtained from 1,486 cassava accessions. Six core collections were derived through two optimization strategies based on genetic distances: Average accession-to-nearest-entry and Average entry-to-nearest-entry, along with combinations of phenotypic and genotypic data. The quality of the core collections was evaluated by assessing genetic parameters such as genetic diversity Shannon-Weaver Index, inbreeding (Fis), observed (Ho), and expected (Hs) heterozygosity. While the selection of accessions varied among the six core collections, a seventh collection (consolidated collection) was developed, comprising accessions selected by at least two core collections. Most collections exhibited genetic parameters similar to the complete collection, except for those developed by the Average accession-to-nearest-entry algorithm. However, the variations in the maximum and minimum values of Ho, Hs, and Fis parameters closely resembled the complete collection. The consolidated collection and the collection constructed using genotypic data and the Average entry-to-nearest-entry algorithm (GenEN) retained the highest number of alleles (>97%). Although the differences were not statistically significant (above 5%), the consolidated collection demonstrated a distribution profile and mean trait values most similar to the complete collection, with a few exceptions. The Shannon-Weaver Index of qualitative traits exhibited variations exceeding ±10% when compared to the complete collection. Principal component analysis revealed that the consolidated collection selected cassava accessions with a more uniform dispersion in all four quadrants compared to the other core collections. These findings highlight the development of optimized and valuable core collections for efficient breeding programs and genomic association studies

PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO VIDA ATIVA - UNATI: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA DURANTE A PANDEMIA PELA COVID-19

Devido à pandemia pela COVID-19, houve a necessidade de adaptação nas atividades de promoção à saúde, assim, o Projeto de Extensão Vida Ativa, diante da impossibilidade de sua aplicação presencial, realizou adaptações para ser desenvolvido de forma remota.  Objetivo: Relatar as ações desenvolvidas pelos alunos e professores do Projeto Vida Ativa, para pessoas idosas durante o período de isolamento social ocasionado pelo Covid-19. Metodologia: Trata-se de relato de experiência das ações desenvolvidas pelo Projeto de Extensão Vida Ativa durante a pandemia pela COVID-19. Foram realizadas atividades de forma remota pelas redes sociais WhatsApp® e Facebook®. Resultados: Os idosos participantes do projeto relataram melhorias propiciadas pelas ações e como elas influenciaram positivamente a qualidade de vida dos mesmos durante o isolamento social. Os acadêmicos participantes do projeto, alcançaram maior envolvimento com os idosos participantes, proporcionando interação dialógica em formato digital. São realizadas pelos alunos apresentações dos resultados de pesquisas de forma online em eventos científicos. Conclusão: As atividades desenvolvidas de forma remota no projeto proporcionaram repercussão positiva na manutenção funcional e melhora da qualidade de vida dos idosos e impacto na formação do aluno promovendo os princípios da extensão: indissociabilidade, interdisciplinaridade, interação dialógica, impacto na formação do aluno e social. Portanto, ações de extensão em saúde de forma remota devem ser estimuladas, pois promovem a aproximação da comunidade com o conhecimento acadêmico

PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO VIDA ATIVA - UNATI: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA DURANTE A PANDEMIA PELA COVID-19

Devido à pandemia pela COVID-19, houve a necessidade de adaptação nas atividades de promoção à saúde, assim, o Projeto de Extensão Vida Ativa, diante da impossibilidade de sua aplicação presencial, realizou adaptações para ser desenvolvido de forma remota.  Objetivo: Relatar as ações desenvolvidas pelos alunos e professores do Projeto Vida Ativa, para pessoas idosas durante o período de isolamento social ocasionado pelo Covid-19. Metodologia: Trata-se de relato de experiência das ações desenvolvidas pelo Projeto de Extensão Vida Ativa durante a pandemia pela COVID-19. Foram realizadas atividades de forma remota pelas redes sociais WhatsApp® e Facebook®. Resultados: Os idosos participantes do projeto relataram melhorias propiciadas pelas ações e como elas influenciaram positivamente a qualidade de vida dos mesmos durante o isolamento social. Os acadêmicos participantes do projeto, alcançaram maior envolvimento com os idosos participantes, proporcionando interação dialógica em formato digital. São realizadas pelos alunos apresentações dos resultados de pesquisas de forma online em eventos científicos. Conclusão: As atividades desenvolvidas de forma remota no projeto proporcionaram repercussão positiva na manutenção funcional e melhora da qualidade de vida dos idosos e impacto na formação do aluno promovendo os princípios da extensão: indissociabilidade, interdisciplinaridade, interação dialógica, impacto na formação do aluno e social. Portanto, ações de extensão em saúde de forma remota devem ser estimuladas, pois promovem a aproximação da comunidade com o conhecimento acadêmico

Low-Level Laser Action on Orthodontically Induced Root Resorption: Histological and Histomorphometric Evaluation

Introduction: Studies have been conducted to develop a means of preventing, controlling or reducing orthodontically induced root resorption. Phototherapy has demonstrated effectiveness as an anti-inlammatory and, considering the inlammatory origin of this pathology, this study evaluated the effects of laser on root resorption.Methods: The research was conducted among 54 80-day-old male Wistar rats, with weights of 280 ± 40 g. Phototherapy consisted of a diode laser (Ga-Al-As), calibrated with a wavelength of 808 nm, an output power of 100 mW, 2.1 J or 96 J of energy and area of 0.0028 cm2. The application was continuous, punctual and with contact. The left irst maxillary molar was moved by a super-elastic closed spring with a pre-calibrated and constant force of 25 g. The specimens were irradiated every 48 hours, totaling three or six times, depending on the group to which they belonged. Euthanasia was made in the 7th or 10th day after the onset of movement. The histological and histomorphometric examination was performed with sections of 6 μm stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E).Results: Considering the dosimetry studied, when compared the subgroups with the same time of movement, 7 or 10 days, the low-level laser (LLL) has no statistically signiicant effect on the root resorption. As expected, differences were found between groups with different time of movement.Conclusion: Based on the result, this dosimetry does not seem to be clinically recommended to avoid or reduce inlammatory root resorption, but it also does not induce any root surface alteration