Review on bibliography related to antimicrobials

In this report, a bibliographic research has been done in the field of antimicrobials.In this report, a bibliographic research has been done in the field of antimicrobials. Not all antimicrobials have been included, but those that are being subject of matter in the group GBMI in Terrassa, and others of interest. It includes chitosan and other biopolymers. The effect of nanoparticles is of great interest, and in this sense, the effect of Ag nanoparticles and antibiotic nanoparticles (nanobiotics) has been revised. The report focuses on new publications and the antimicrobial effect of peptides has been considered. In particular, the influence of antimicrobials on membranes has deserved much attention and its study using the Langmuir technique, which is of great utility on biomimetic studies. The building up of antimicrobials systems with new techniques (bottom-up approach), as the Layer-by-Layer technique, can also be found in between the bibliography. It has also been considered the antibiofilm effect, and the new ideas on quorem sensing and quorum quenching.Preprin

Tuning ubiquinone position in biomimetic monolayer membranes

Artificial lipid bilayers have been extensively studied as models that mimic natural membranes (biomimetic membranes). Several attempts of biomimetic membranes inserting ubiquinone (UQ) have been performed to enlighten which the position of UQ in the lipid layer is, although obtaining contradictory results. In this work, pure components (DPPC and UQ) and DPPC:UQ mixtures have been studied using surface pressure-area isotherms and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of the same compounds have been transferred onto solid substrates being topographically characterized on mica using atomic force microscopy and electrochemically on indium tin oxide slides. DPPC:UQ mixtures present less solid-like physical state than pure DPPC indicating a higher-order degree for the latter. UQ influences considerably DPPC during the fluid state, but it is mainly expelled after the phase transition at ˜˜ 26 mN·m^-1 for the 5:1 ratio and at ˜˜ 21 mN·m^-1 for lower UQ content. The thermodynamic studies confirm the stability of the DPPC:UQ mixtures before that event, although presenting a non-ideal behaviour. The results indicate that UQ position can be tuned by means of the surface pressure applied to obtain LB films and the UQ initial content. The UQ positions in the biomimetic membrane are distinguished by their formal potential: UQ located in “diving” position with the UQ placed in the DPPC matrix in direct contact with the electrode surface ( -0.04±0.02 V), inserted between lipid chains without contact to the substrate ( 0.00±0.01 V) and parallel to the substrate, above the lipid chains ( 0.09±0.02 V).Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

School Leadership, Citizenship Education and Politics in China

Este libro permite aproximarnos a la realidad en China sobre el liderazgo escolar, la educación por la ciudadanía y la política. Teniendo en cuenta el papel de la globalización, se abordan cuestiones que van más allá del ámbito educativo para explorar sus sinergias con ámbitos diversos, desde la economía o la política pública. Se parte del papel que tiene la educación en aspectos de justicia social y por tanto, se identifica la importancia de promover una educación que incorpore esa dimensión

Aprendiendo en la escuela para los empleos del mañana

La crisis económica ha puesto de relieve la importancia de la educación como motor de desarrollo. El aprendizaje de competencias que ofrezcan la posibilidad de acceder a puestos de trabajo que permitan una buena calidad de vida ha adquirido un papel decisivo en el desarrollo educativo de las personas. Por ello, las escuelas se deben adaptar a las necesidades de la actual sociedad informacional en la línea de los objetivos de Europa 2020. Este artículo analiza si se responde mejor a estas necesidades desde las escuelas que optan por una gestión democrática

Effective resistances and Kirchhoff index in subdivision networks

We define a subdivision network ¿S of a given network ¿; by inserting a new vertex in every edge, so that each edge is replaced by two new edges with conductances that fulfill electrical conditions on the new network. In this work, we firstly obtain an expression for the Green kernel of the subdivision network in terms of the Green kernel of the base network. Moreover, we also obtain the effective resistance and the Kirchhoff index of the subdivision network in terms of the corresponding parameters on the base network. Finally, as an example, we carry out the computations in the case of a wheel.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

A Combined Clinical and Langmuir Film Study of Natural Tear Films

The Langmuir technique has been applied to the study of natural tears and the results obtained from surface pressure-area isotherms have been correlated with those of clinical tests (the Schirmer and the TFBUT tests). The population studied only included people aged over 45. Natural tears were collected from Schirmer strips, which were placed in contact with the water subphase of a Langmuir trough for recording the surface pressure-area isotherms. These isotherms have been classified as good or weak according to the characteristics obtained. From the isotherms, characteristic values such as plimit, CS-1max and pmax were also obtained. The analysis from the Chi-squared test indicates dependence between the Schirmer test and the type of isotherms (P0.05 indicates that the independence cannot be discarded with the significance criteria imposed. Working with the same criteria of significance, we obtain moderate or good Pearson correlation coefficients with statistical significance (P0.05) between the values of the TFBUT test and the plimit, CS-1max and pmax values.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Dominios de acción motriz y afectividad

Los dominios de acción motriz constituyen la piedra angular para la elaboración de programas curriculares de educación física. La noción de dominio de acción motriz se refiere al campo en el que las prácticas motrices son consideradas homogéneas respecto a criterios pertinentes y precisos de acción motriz. Este concepto permite organizar de modo científico las diferentes clases de experiencias motrices que se pueden activar al emplear juegos, ejercicios, danzas, deportes o cualquier situación motriz. A partir de una concepción sistémica, y al combinar de manera binaria los criterios de interacción motriz y de relación con el espacio se pueden establecer ocho dominios de acción motriz (cuatro asociados a situaciones psicomotrices, de cooperación, de oposición, de cooperación-oposición, que a su vez pueden combinarse con el criterio de incertidumbre en la relación con el espacio: estable o inestable). Diversas investigaciones confirman que cada uno de los dominios se comporta de manera distinta en cuestiones de máximo interés como transferencia de aprendizajes, cohesión social y también en el terreno de la afectividad. En esta ocasión se presentan resultados parciales de un proceso de investigación en curso en el que se relacionan los dominios de acción motriz y la educación de competencias emocionales. Se trata de un proyecto internacional que cuenta con el apoyo del Ministerio español de Ciencia e Innovación I+D+i. Los hallazgos confirman cada dominio de acción motriz activa tendencias distintas en la vivencia de emociones de sus protagonistas. Independientemente de la geografía de los actores (España, Portugal o Brasil), la lógica interna de las prácticas (dominios) se impone a la lógica externa (geografía). Se ha confirmado el papel destacado de la cooperación en la activación de emociones positivas, ante las prácticas psicomotrices que elicitan una menor intensidad emocional. Estos resultados aportan argumentos para concebir la educación física como la pedagogía de conductas motrices. La persona que interviene en cualquier práctica motriz protagoniza conductas motrices, es decir, mientras realiza acciones motrices (bota, corre o lanza un objeto), activa de manera unitaria las dimensiones biológica (se cansa), cognitiva (piensa), social (dialoga) y AFECTIVA (SE EMOCIONA). Estas dimensiones se fusionan y se confunden ya que lejos de ser dimensiones aisladas están interrelacionadas dando testimonio de la biografía motriz de la persona

The group inverse of subdivision networks

In this paper, given a network and a subdivision of it, we show how the Group Inverse of the subdivision network can be related to the Group Inverse of initial given network. Our approach establishes a relationship between solutions of related Poisson problems on both networks and takes advantatge on the definition of the Group Inverse matrix.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Holder and Lp estimates for the solutions of the ∂-equation in non-smooth strictly pseudoconvex domains

Let D a bounded strictly pseudoconvex non-smooth domain in C'. In this paper we prove that the estimates in Lp and Lipschitz classes for the solutions of the ∂-equation with Lp-data in regular strictly pseudoconvex domains (see[2]) are also valid for D . We also give estimates of the same type for the ∂ in the regular part of the boundary of these domains