135 research outputs found
Provfiske efter strömming i södra Bottenhavet â översikt av Ă€ldre studier och Ă„terbesök 2022
Strömmingen (Clupea harengus membras) Ă€r en nyckelart i Bottenhavets ekosystem och en bas för traditionellt kustnĂ€ra fiske, men det kustnĂ€ra yrkesfisket har rapporterat att fĂ„ngsterna av strömming i södra Bottenhavets kustomrĂ„den har minskat mycket pĂ„tagligt. Analyser av data frĂ„n utsjön bekrĂ€ftar att förekomsten av större strömming har minskat, men det Ă€r en brist pĂ„ fiskerioberoende data för kustnĂ€ra vatten som kan belysa förĂ€ndringar i strömmingsbestĂ„nden. Den hĂ€r rapporten syftar till att sammanstĂ€lla information om Ă€ldre kustprovfisken i Bottenhavets kustomrĂ„den, som skulle kunna anvĂ€ndas i detta syfte, samt bidra till att belysa hur förekomsten av strömming har förĂ€ndrats över tid genom jĂ€mförelser mellan nu och dĂ„.SammanstĂ€llningen visar att det finns data som skulle kunna anvĂ€ndas för att pĂ„visa hur den kustnĂ€ra förekomsten av strömming har förĂ€ndrats över tid frĂ„n provfisken i Forsmark och Finbo sedan 1970-talet. Provfiskena Ă€r utförda med varierande metodik och redskap. Dessa fisken utförs dock inte lĂ€ngre.Ett Ă„terbesök till en av de tidigare stationerna vid Forsmark visade att medelfĂ„ngsten av strömming under vĂ„r och försommar Ă„r 2022 var pĂ„tagligt mindre Ă€n vid motsvarande Ă„rstid under 1970- och 1980-talen. Den totala fĂ„ngsten strömming Ă„r 2022 var endast 8 procent av fĂ„ngsten i medeltal de tidigare Ă„ren, 1975â1988. Skillnaden var Ă€nnu mer tydlig för strömming av större storlek. Av den strömming som fĂ„ngades vid Forsmark Ă„r 2022 var ingen fisk större Ă€n 25 cm. MedelfĂ„ngsten vid en station vid Finbo, Ă
land, som ocksÄ Äterbesöktes Är 2022, var av samma omfattning som de tidigare Ären, och i fÄngsten Är 2022 ingick Àven strömmingar av större storleksklasser. Resultaten belyser Àven vikten av sammanhÀngande tidsserier. Vid bÄde Forsmark och Finbo fanns stor mellanÄrsvariation i data frÄn de tidigare Ären, vilket Àr viktigt att ta med i bedömningen av 2022 Ärs data, som Àr baserad pÄ upprepade provfisken vid endast en station och ett Är. En upprepning av tidigare utförda provfisken under fler Är och pÄ fler stationer skulle ge en sÀkrare bild av bestÄndens biologiska status idag. Resultaten för 2022 stöder dock den minskning som rapporterats frÄn yrkesfisket
Methyl sulfonamide substituents improve the pharmacokinetic properties of bicyclic 2-pyridone based:Chlamydia trachomatis inhibitors
Chlamydia trachomatis infections are a global health problem and new approaches to treat C. trachomatis with drugs of high specificity would be valuable. A library of substituted ring fused 2-pyridones has been synthesized and evaluated for their ability to attenuate C. trachomatis infectivity. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies were performed, with the best candidates demonstrating that a C8-methylsulfonamide substituent improved pharmacokinetic properties important for oral administration. C8-Methyl sulfonamide analogue 30 inhibited C. trachomatis infectivity in low micromolar concentrations. Further pharmacokinetic evaluation at an oral dose of 10 mg kg(-1) showed an apparent bioavailability of 41%, compared to C8-cyclopropyl and -methoxy analogues which had negligible oral uptake. In vitro ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) testing of solubility and Caco-2 cell permeability revealed that both solubility and permeability is greatly improved with the C8-methyl sulfonamide 30, effectively moving it from BCS (Biopharmaceutical Classification System) class IV to II
Meta-analysis of genome-wide studies identifies MEF2C SNPs associated with bone mineral density at forearm
Background: Forearm fractures affect 1.7 million individuals worldwide each year and most occur earlier in life than hip fractures. While the heritability of forearm bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture is high, their genetic determinants are largely unknown. Aim: To identify genetic variants associated with forearm BMD and forearm fractures. Methods: BMD at distal radius, measured by dualenergy x-ray absorptiometry, was tested for association with common genetic variants. We conducted a metaanalysis of genome-wide association studies for BMD in 5866 subjects of European descent and then selected the variants for replication in 715 Mexican American samples. Gene-based association was carried out to supplement the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) association test. We then tested the BMD-associated SNPs for association with forearm fracture in 2023 cases and 3740 controls. Results: We found that five SNPs in the introns of MEF2C were associated with forearm BMD at a genome-wide significance level (
Self-Management Analysis in Chronic Conditions (SMACC) checklist : an international consensus-based tool to develop, compare and evaluate self-management support programmes
Objectives: The Self-Management Analysis in Chronic Conditions (SMACC) checklist was developed as a guidance tool to support the development, comparison and evaluation of self-management support programmes for persons with a chronic condition. The checklist was based on a previously performed concept analysis of self-management. The aim of this study was to validate its content using an international Delphi study and to deliver a final version.
Design: A two-round Delphi study was conducted between October 2022 and January 2023. Using the researchersâ networks, professionals with research or clinical expertise in self-management support and chronic conditions were recruited via online purposive snowball sampling. Participants were asked to score each item of the checklist (16 items total) on 3 content validity indicators: (1) clarity and comprehensibility, (2) relevance and importance and (3) degree of alignment with the overall goal of the checklist to promote adequate and comprehensive self-management support programmes. A consensus threshold of 75% agreement was used. The participants were also asked general questions about the checklist as a whole and were asked to provide feedback considering its refinement.
Results: Fifty-four professionals with an average 14.5 years of experience participated in round 1, 48 with an average 12.5 years of experience participated in round 2. The majority of professionals were from Western Europe. For the majority of items consensus was reached after round 1. In round 2, 3 of the 4 remaining items reached consensus, 1 last item was retained based on highly recurring feedback.
Conclusions: The SMACC checklist was considered a valid and comprehensive tool to aid the development, evaluation and comparison of self-management support programmes. It was acknowledged as a useful instrument to supplement existing frameworks and was seen as feasible to implement in both research and clinical settings. Further validation in the field, with input from patients and peer experts, will be valuable
Attityder till och genomförande av inkludering av elever i grundskolan : En intervjustudie med lÀrare
Salamancadeklarationen lyfter fram alla elevers rÀtt att vara inkluderade i skolan. Samtidigt menar forskare att deklarationen tolkas vÀldigt olika och att det finns utmaningar i att skapa en inkluderande skola. Syftet med denna studie var att bland annat att undersöka grundskollÀrares attityder till inkludering. I studien anvÀndes en kvalitativ forskningsansats dÀr 14 grundskollÀrare intervjuades om vad som pÄverkar lÀrares attityder till inkludering och vad de har för tankar kring den inkludering som genomförs pÄ deras respektive arbetsplatser. Resultatet har tolkats utifrÄn Bronfenbrenners bioekologiska systemteori. Resultatet visar att lÀrare har bÄde positiva och mer tveksamma attityder till inkludering samt till den inkludering som genomförs. Det framkommer att flera faktorer pÄverkar lÀrares attityder till inkludering sÄsom ekonomiska förutsÀttningar, en tydlig ledning, kunskaper inom specialpedagogik och samarbetet pÄ skolan. Som specialpedagog behövs en medvetenhet om att det kan finnas olika attityder till inkludering i skolan samt att det finns faktorer som pÄverkar lÀrares attityder och arbeta mot en mer inkluderande skola.
Attityder till och genomförande av inkludering av elever i grundskolan : En intervjustudie med lÀrare
Salamancadeklarationen lyfter fram alla elevers rÀtt att vara inkluderade i skolan. Samtidigt menar forskare att deklarationen tolkas vÀldigt olika och att det finns utmaningar i att skapa en inkluderande skola. Syftet med denna studie var att bland annat att undersöka grundskollÀrares attityder till inkludering. I studien anvÀndes en kvalitativ forskningsansats dÀr 14 grundskollÀrare intervjuades om vad som pÄverkar lÀrares attityder till inkludering och vad de har för tankar kring den inkludering som genomförs pÄ deras respektive arbetsplatser. Resultatet har tolkats utifrÄn Bronfenbrenners bioekologiska systemteori. Resultatet visar att lÀrare har bÄde positiva och mer tveksamma attityder till inkludering samt till den inkludering som genomförs. Det framkommer att flera faktorer pÄverkar lÀrares attityder till inkludering sÄsom ekonomiska förutsÀttningar, en tydlig ledning, kunskaper inom specialpedagogik och samarbetet pÄ skolan. Som specialpedagog behövs en medvetenhet om att det kan finnas olika attityder till inkludering i skolan samt att det finns faktorer som pÄverkar lÀrares attityder och arbeta mot en mer inkluderande skola.
âHammer shaped objectsâ or Thors hammer? : The depiction of Norse mythology in museum literature with timestamps between 1872 - 2024
Using labels, placards, or external texts a museum can deepen the visitorsâ understanding of displayed objects. But the question arises, how can a museum work with the mythology surrounding the objects? This thesis looks closely at two museums in Sweden, the Gotland Museum in Visby and the Swedish history museum in Stockholm. It takes a closer look at if and how the museumsâ texts have changed over time â specifically between 1872 and 2024 â when dealing with ancient Nordic mythology. The thesis also aims to find and suggest possible correlations between textual changes and social changes, for example the Second World War and its repercussions. To explore these correlations, two theories are applied, the critical discourse analysis and a narrative theory. To be able to witness a possible linguistic change over time, museum exhibitions and publications are analysed using specific discourses such as myth, magic, religion, cult, and paganism. With the help of theoretical works, changes in the two museumsâ informative texts are observed, such as how their earlier output explained Thorâs hammer Mjölnir as a âhammer-like decorationâ or only gave a few letters-worth of connections to the mythological background in brackets in the late 19th century. Later they explained these myths as paganism and fantasy during the 1940s, 50s and 60s. Todayâs exhibitions show a linguistic change as to how the museums explained connections to the myths with words such as âcould perhapsâ or âmight beâ. These changes over time are suggested to be linked to social change such as the union and dismantling of the union between Norway and Sweden, the Second World War, and the use of motifs by later xenophobic groups, and finally, more recent Neo-Paganism in Sweden and around the world. This is a two yearsâ masterÂŽs thesis in Museum and Cultural Heritage studies
Den mobilanpassade jobbrekryteringsprocessen : En kvalitativ undersoÌkning om tvĂ„ intressentgruppers anvaÌndarupplevelse av tjaÌnsten Uptrail
This study aims to examine two user groups experience and usage of the mobile job advertising service Uptrail. The two groups that are the focus of this work are the companies that use the service for job recruitment and job-seekers that have applied for work through Uptrail. In which context job-seekers apply for work through the service and why is also examined in this study. This is to give an understanding of how the mobile interface might influence users behaviour during the job recruitment process. The study is based on a qualitative research method where individual in-depth interviews with representatives from the different groups are used for gathering data. Also a shorter observation has been applied during the interviews with the job seekers. Collected data were then analyzed through an inductive interpretation method and combined with previous research and theories regarding mobile usage, context, digital recruitment (e-recruitment) and user experience (UX). The result of the study implies that Uptrail has impacted the motives behind job advertising by affecting the user experience of the recruitment process. Job applicants experienced that the mobile format and the process of the service changed their habits on applying for work through digital application. In line with previous research results from this study also suggest that the usage of mobile services largely takes place in âhome likeâ environments. This is explained as a consequence of existing attitudes and thoughts regarding the job search process.
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