Where Are the Women? The Presence of Female Columnists in U.S. Opinion Pages

Empirical and anecdotal evidence shows that the news media are male-dominated. This study updates the extant literature on women’s representation in the op-ed pages of ten U.S. newspapers. A content analysis showed that female authors are moving beyond topics traditionally linked to females and are writing columns on topics such as politics and economy. However, they remain a minority, and, thus, women’s voices have yet to gain more visibility in the world of opinion writing in U.S. journalism.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

Andrés Scherman (editor), Jóvenes, participación y medios 2011, Santiago de Chile, Universidad Diego Portales, 2012

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Nuances of Public Diplomacy: China in Chilean Op-Eds (2018-2021)

This paper explores editorials and opinion columns published in four Chilean mainstream newspapers and analyzes how China is represented within the context of Chinese economic advances in the region and the contextual narratives surrounding bilateral relations. Through a content analysis of editorials and opinion pieces of elite media between 2018 and 2021, this study allows an understanding of how China and its growing influence are perceived locally. Ultimately, despite an overall alignment with China’s public diplomacy centered around an economic-commercial dimension, there are still nuances in how China is represented in Chilean op-eds

Poly[aqua­[μ-4-(4-chloro­phen­yl)-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydro­thia­zol-3-olato]­sodium(I)]

The packing of the title compound, [Na(C9H5ClNOS2)(H2O)]n, in the crystal structure occurs by pairwise attachment of +sc- and −sc-arranged 4-(4-chloro­phen­yl)-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydro­thia­zol-3-olate subunits via S to sodium. Water mol­ecules that are bound in the axial position of the distorted octa­hedral coordination octahedron give rise to a stereogenic center at sodium

Medios de comunicación y confianza política en América Latina: análisis individual y contextual del rol de las noticias en la confianza en el gobierno y el Estado

What is the relationship between news exposure and political trust in Latin America? Does this relationship change according to freedom levels of media systems and degrees of political polarization? To answer these questions, this study analyzes data from 10 Latin American countries included in the last round of the World Values Survey (2017-2020) (N = 11,769), as well as indices of governments’ intervention in the news system and polarization by the V-Dem project. Statistical results show that, in general, exposure to news on social media is negatively related to trust in government and state institutions. However, context makes a significant difference: the higher the level of media freedom and polarization, the more negative this relationship becomes. In contrast, traditional media news use is positively associated with political trust, regardless of contextual factors. This confirms the importance of considering micro and macro news media contexts when analyzing trust in Latin America.¿Cuál es la asociación entre exposición a noticias y confianza política en Latinoamérica? ¿Hay diferencias según la libertad del sistema de medios y los niveles de polarización política? Para responder estas preguntas, este estudio analiza 10 países latinoamericanos incluidos en la última Encuesta Mundial de Valores (2017-2020) (N = 11.769), así como los índices de intervención gubernamental en el sistema informativo y polarización del proyecto V-Dem. Los resultados estadísticos muestran que, en general, la exposición a noticias en plataformas sociales se relaciona negativamente con la confianza en instituciones del gobierno y el Estado. Sin embargo, el contexto hace una diferencia significativa: a mayor libertad de información y polarización, más negativa es esta relación. En cambio, el uso de los medios tradicionales se asocia positivamente con la confianza política, independientemente de los factores contextuales. Estos hallazgos confirman la importancia de considerar el contexto mediático micro y macro en el análisis sobre confianza en América Latina

Informal caregivers’ health: a literature review

Switzerland is facing a shortage of healthcare professionals that, according to experts, will worsen in the coming years due to the ageing of the population and the rise in chronic diseases. In this context, informal caregiving is more important than ever for assuring the well-being of loved ones. However, informal caregivers may themselves face health issues that are often ignored. The aim of this literature review is to highlight the determinants that are associated with informal caregivers’ well-being, quality of life, and burden to elaborate a baseline questionnaire for a prospective national cohort of informal caregivers. The literature review focused on informal caregivers’ quality of life, well-being, and burden as outcomes and was conducted between October 2021 and May 2022 using online databases (PubMed and CINAHL) targeting reviews and meta-analyses published between 2010 and 2021 in English or French that have an available abstract. A total of 847 references were selected. After removing duplicates and references published before 2010, 777 documents were assessed based on the abstract. References that reported results of a review of any type about informal caregivers’ well-being or quality of life or burden or any dimensions related to those constructs (e.g., depression) and that included an abstract with a method section were selected. After the removal of 502 references, the remaining 275 items were assessed based on the full text and only reviews about the appropriated outcomes that had an abstract and a method section conducted in Europe and/or North America and/or Australia and/or New Zealand were selected. At the end of the selection process, a total of 47 references were chosen in this literature review. References specific to COVID-19 were excluded because we believe that the pandemic likely aggravated some issues experienced by informal caregivers and induced some issues specific to the crisis. Thus, such references would not be representative of the overall experience of informal caregivers. The literature review’s results showed that psychosocial factors regarding informal caregivers’ health as identified by the considered outcomes have been widely investigated between 2010 and 2021. Among the aspects considered, social support, coping strategies, psychological health, valued activities, and employment were the most cited as factors affecting informal caregivers’ health as identified by the considered outcomes. However, cognitive, functional, behavioural, and neuro-(psychiatric) symptoms of the loved one also affected informal caregivers’ health considerably. Contextual factors, such as receiving information, formal support from healthcare professionals, financial difficulties, respite, also seemed to be of great importance regarding these outcomes

Framing ideology: How Time magazine represents nationalism and identities through visual reporting

Visual images in news photographs guide individuals’ understandings of people, places and events, especially when news audiences are unable to personally experience those represented images. When 41 Time newsmagazine covers from the first five years of the U.S.-led war on Iraq are considered through a framing analysis, four frames surface: The Sanitized War, Against the Powers-That-Be; The American Soldier in a Time of War; and The "Other" of the War, or "Us versus Them." These findings highlight the power of media messages to frame identity ideologies and stress the importance of complementing quantitative studies with qualitative approaches. ----------------------------------------------------- Las imágenes periodísticas orientan la comprensión sobre individuos, lugares y eventos, especialmente cuando las audiencias no pueden experimentar personalmente aquello representado en la prensa. Al analizar 41 portadas de la revista Time de los primeros cinco años de la Guerra de Irak liderada por los Estados Unidos, se identifican cuatro encuadres: La guerra desinfectada, Contra el poder, El soldado estadounidense en tiempos de guerra y El otro en la guerra (Ellos contra nosotros). Estos hallazgos subrayan el poder de los mensajes mediales para enmarcar ideologías de identidad y destacan la importancia de complementar estudios cuantitativos con enfoques cualitativos

Investigation of Body Development in Growing Holstein Heifers With Special Emphasis on Body Fat Development Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis

This study analyzed skeletal development, body condition, and total body fat development of growing heifers. A total of 144 female primiparous Holstein cattle from four commercial dairy farms with different degrees of stillbirth rates were examined during the rearing period. This included measurements in body condition, fat tissue, metabolic, and endocrine factors. Pelvic measurements and the sacrum height were analyzed to assess skeletal development. The body condition was classified via body condition scoring, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), back fat thickness measurements, and the body mass. For the first time, BIA was used as an appropriate method to evaluate the fat tissue content of cattle throughout the rearing period. This analysis technique can be performed on heifers aged 8–15 months. Throughout that period, the fat content decreased while the skeletal development increased. In addition, high free fatty acid concentrations in serum of the animals with high frame development were found, supporting our hypothesis that stored energy of body fat deposits is used for skeletal growth. Furthermore, we were able to demonstrate complex endocrine relationships between fat metabolism and skeletal growth by using specific markers, such as leptin, insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and estradiol (E2). Food analysis showed high crude protein (CP) levels in the total mixed ration above recommendation for daily protein intake of all farms. However, there was a positive correlation between CP and the body frame measurements in our study. In summary, we established a novel regression formula for BIA analysis (“BIA-Heine”) in heifers to evaluate the body composition throughout different ages and physiological stages in the development of heifers. This special formula allows the evaluation of fat tissue without a whole-body analysis and therefore provides an innovative technique for animal welfare support

Temporal processes in prime–mask interaction: Assessing perceptual consequences of masked information

Visual backward masking is frequently used to study the temporal dynamics of visual perception. These dynamics may include the temporal features of conscious percepts, as suggested, for instance, by the asynchronous–updating model (Neumann, 1982) and perceptual–retouch theory ((Bachmann, 1994). These models predict that the perceptual latency of a visual backward mask is shorter than that of a like reference stimulus that was not preceded by a masked stimulus. The prediction has been confirmed by studies using temporal–order judgments: For certain asynchronies between mask and reference stimulus, temporal–order reversals are quite frequent (e.g. Scharlau, & Neumann, 2003a). However, it may be argued that these reversals were due to a response bias in favour of the mask rather than true temporal-perceptual effects. I introduce two measures for assessing latency effects that (1) are not prone to such a response bias, (2) allow to quantify the latency gain, and (3) extend the perceptual evidence from order reversals to duration/interval perception, that is, demonstrate that the perceived interval between a mask and a reference stimulus may be shortened as well as prolonged by the presence of a masked stimulus. Consequences for theories of visual masking such as asynchronous–updating, perceptual–retouch, and reentrant models are discussed