Prévalence de l'hypovitaminose D chez les personnels travaillant au sein de l'ouvrage enterré vs chez les personnels travaillant hors ouvrage sur de la base aérienne 942 / Magali Cotta ; sous la direction de Jean-Marc Boissy

La vitamine D, hormone capitale dans le métabolisme osseux, est essentiellement synthétisée par la peau, après exposition aux UVB. Or, une partie de la population de la Base Aérienne 942 travaille dans un ouvrage enterré, avec très peu d'exposition solaire sur son temps de travail, mais elle bénéficie d'aménagements horaires au titre de travail posté, avec possiblement plus de temps pour s'exposer au soleil qu'une population plus traditionnelle. Afin d'évaluer le facteur ouvrage enterré comme facteur de risque d'hypovitaminose D, la 25(0H)D a été dosée chez les personnels travaillant dans l'ouvrage ainsi qu'à l'extérieur de l'ouvrage, en complément d'un questionnaire sur leurs habitudes de vie. Il s'agissait d'une étude observationnelle prospective, réalisée entre septembre et novembre 2012. Le taux moyen de 25(0H)D était de 73.9 nmol/L chez les 72 personnels travaillant hors ouvrage enterré, contre 75.5 nmol/L chez les 39 de l'ouvrage, sans différence significative. Certains facteurs protecteurs d'hypovitaminose D ont été mis en évidence, tels que l'intensité de l'exposition solaire durant les congés, la réalisation de séjour en pays chaud ou encore l'utilisation de crème solaire. Il apparaît qu'au sein de l'ouvrage, le mode de vie est tout à fait différent avec, au titre du travail posté, une adaptation du rythme de travail permettant entre autre une exposition solaire plus longue en congés. A cela s'ajoute une sensibilisation à l'hypovitaminose D qui semble efficace chez les militaires de l'ouvrage. Concernant la qualité de vie, les scores de santé physique et psychique n'étaient différents ni selon le lieu de travail, ni selon le statut vitaminique D. Le travail en ouvrage enterré n'apparaît donc pas être un facteur de risque d'hypovitaminose D. Le dépistage sérologique ainsi qu'une supplémentation systématique ne sont donc pas indiquésLYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Influence of Age on the Dynamics of fMRI Activations during a Semantic Fluency Task

International audiencePurpose : Age-related fMRI changes have not been extensively studied for language, whereas important adaptive mechanisms have been seen in other cognitive fields. This study examined age-related changes in fMRI activation during language tasks and, in particular, their dynamic course.Patients and methods fMRI was performed on 22 young and 21 old healthy right-handed subjects during a silent category word-generation task. Activation and dynamics of BOLD signals were studied separately during the first and second portions of each 30-s block.Results : Activation of the left frontal lobe was initially similar in young and old participants; however, it decreased after 30s in the old participants. On the other hand, additional areas were initially involved only in old subjects and especially in the default mode network.Conclusion :This study showed age-related differences in the dynamics of fMRI activation during a silent word-generation task, suggesting a different pattern of language function with aging

Discussion du projet de décret du comité de Constitution sur la convocation de la première législature, notamment de l'article 1 du titre I, lors de la séance du 27 mai 1791

Boissy d'Anglas François-Antoine de, Démeunier Jean Nicolas, Roederer Pierre-Louis, Chabroud Charles, Lavie Marc Antoine, Crillon François Félix Berton des Balbes, comte de. Discussion du projet de décret du comité de Constitution sur la convocation de la première législature, notamment de l'article 1 du titre I, lors de la séance du 27 mai 1791. In: Archives Parlementaires de 1787 à 1860 - Première série (1787-1799) Tome XXVI - Du 12 mai au 5 juin 1791. Paris : Librairie Administrative P. Dupont, 1887. p. 506

Discussion du projet de décret du comité de Constitution sur la convocation de la première législature, notamment de l'article 1 du titre I, lors de la séance du 27 mai 1791

Boissy d'Anglas François-Antoine de, Démeunier Jean Nicolas, Roederer Pierre-Louis, Chabroud Charles, Lavie Marc Antoine, Crillon François Félix Berton des Balbes, comte de. Discussion du projet de décret du comité de Constitution sur la convocation de la première législature, notamment de l'article 1 du titre I, lors de la séance du 27 mai 1791. In: Archives Parlementaires de 1787 à 1860 - Première série (1787-1799) Tome XXVI - Du 12 mai au 5 juin 1791. Paris : Librairie Administrative P. Dupont, 1887. p. 506

Répertoire général du théâtre français.... Théâtre du second ordre. Comédies en prose. Tome IX

Comprend : Le Galant coureur ; La Nouveauté ; Le Français à Londres, comédie, par Boissy, représentée pour la première fois, le 19 juillet 1727 ; L'École des bourgeois, comédie ... par d'AllainvalContient une table des matièresAvec mode text

Suite de la discussion du projet de décret sur l’organisation des gardes nationales : adoption des articles 16 et 17 de la 1ère section, 1 à 35 de la 2e section, 1 à 21 de la 3e section, 1 à 13 de la 4e section, 1 à 19 de la 5e section et de deux articles généraux, lors de la séance du jeudi 28 juillet 1791

Broglie Charles Louis Victor, prince de, Tronchet François Denis, Tuault de la Bouverie Joseph Golven, Duquesnoy Adrien Cyprien, Boissy d'Anglas François Antoine de, Maupassant Louis Charles César, Goupilleau de Fontenay Jean-François, Martin François, Rabaud de Saint Etienne Jean-Paul, Lanjuinais Jean Denis, André Antoine Balthazar d', Noailles Louis Marie Marc Antoine, vicomte de, Prieur de la Marne Pierre Louis. Suite de la discussion du projet de décret sur l’organisation des gardes nationales : adoption des articles 16 et 17 de la 1ère section, 1 à 35 de la 2e section, 1 à 21 de la 3e section, 1 à 13 de la 4e section, 1 à 19 de la 5e section et de deux articles généraux, lors de la séance du jeudi 28 juillet 1791. In: Archives Parlementaires de 1787 à 1860 - Première série (1787-1799) Tome XXVIII - Du 6 juillet au 28 juillet 1791. Paris : Librairie Administrative P. Dupont, 1887. pp. 726-736

Lichens, wildfire, and caribou on the taiga ecosystem of northcentral Canada

Terrestrial lichens are unique organisms that are pioneers on bare sand and rock, survive desiccation and reproduce both sexually and asexually. They compete poorly with dense, aggressive vascular flora. Wildfires require organic matter as fuels, are the driving force in perpetuation of the Taiga Ecosystem in a heterogeneous environment and, if left alone, are self controlling. Caribou wintering on the Taiga are dependent on: (1) a terricolous lichen forage supply for most of the winter, (2) a heterogeneous environment to cope with predators and the changing nival environment, and (3) natural wildfires to supply these needs. Wildlife control on the Taiga winter range is not recommended as a management tool for barren-ground caribou

The association between glutamine repeats in the androgen receptor gene and personality traits in dromedary camel (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>)

<div><p>Temperament traits such as fearfulness are important as they define an animal’s responses to its environment and handling. The increasing automation of daily tasks and growing population limits contact between camels and humans. Such limitations contribute to fear of humans and changes in physical environment. Monoamine oxidase A (<i>MAOA</i>) and androgen receptor (<i>AR</i>) genes are important candidates associated with mammal personality. In our analysis, <i>MAOA</i> exon 15 showed no polymorphism but a novel polymorphism was seen in the camel <i>AR</i> exon 1; 16, 17, 18, and 19 glutamine repeats were detected. We genotyped 138 camels belonging to four Egyptian breeds: Maghrabi (<i>n</i> = 90), Sudani (<i>n</i> = 15), Somali (<i>n</i> = 23), and Baladi (<i>n</i> = 10) for <i>AR</i>. Out of the 90 genotyped Maghrabi camels, we evaluated responses of 33 and 32 mature females to a novel object and exposure to an unfamiliar person, respectively. <i>AR</i> gene showed a significant association based on the principal component (PC) score, which indicated the fear of human touch, and the PC score indicates fear during interaction with novel objects. Individuals carrying a shorter genotype in homozygote (<i>S/S</i>) were found to be more fearful. Furthermore, we found that Sudani and Somali breeds had a higher frequency of shorter genotype (<i>S/S</i>), which was associated with increased fearfulness. These findings reflect the behavioral tendency and consequently, affect the use of this breed. This is the first report showing the role of <i>AR</i> glutamine repeats influencing a behavioral trait in dromedary camels and leading to inter-breed differences. Fear-related traits reported here are important because camels cope with various types of stresses and fear, resulting from the demands of intensive production systems and racing events. However, further studies, employing functional genomics and linkage analysis are necessary for confirming the relationship between fearfulness and genetic variation.</p></div

Intracranial pressure monitoring with and without brain tissue oxygen pressure monitoring for severe traumatic brain injury in France (OXY-TC): an open-label, randomised controlled superiority trial

International audienceBackground: Optimisation of brain oxygenation might improve neurological outcome after traumatic brain injury. The OXY-TC trial explored the superiority of a strategy combining intracranial pressure and brain tissue oxygen pressure (PbtO2) monitoring over a strategy of intracranial pressure monitoring only to reduce the proportion of patients with poor neurological outcome at 6 months.Methods: We did an open-label, randomised controlled superiority trial at 25 French tertiary referral centres. Within 16 h of brain injury, patients with severe traumatic brain injury (aged 18-75 years) were randomly assigned via a website to be managed during the first 5 days of admission to the intensive care unit either by intracranial pressure monitoring only or by both intracranial pressure and PbtO2 monitoring. Randomisation was stratified by age and centre. The study was open label due to the visibility of the intervention, but the statisticians and outcome assessors were masked to group allocation. The therapeutic objectives were to maintain intracranial pressure of 20 mm Hg or lower, and to keep PbtO2 (for those in the dual-monitoring group) above 20 mm Hg, at all times. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with an extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) score of 1-4 (death to upper severe disability) at 6 months after injury. The primary analysis was reported in the modified intention-to-treat population, which comprised all randomly assigned patients except those who withdrew consent or had protocol violations. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02754063, and is completed.Findings: Between June 15, 2016, and April 17, 2021, 318 patients were randomly assigned to receive either intracranial pressure monitoring only (n=160) or both intracranial pressure and PbtO2 monitoring (n=158). 27 individuals with protocol violations were not included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis. Thus, the primary outcome was analysed for 144 patients in the intracranial pressure only group and 147 patients in the intracranial pressure and PbtO2 group. Compared with intracranial pressure monitoring only, intracranial pressure and PbtO2 monitoring did not reduce the proportion of patients with GOSE score 1-4 (51% [95% CI 43-60] in the intracranial pressure monitoring only group vs 52% [43-60] in the intracranial pressure and PbtO2 monitoring group; odds ratio 1·0 [95% CI 0·6-1·7]; p=0·95). Two (1%) of 144 participants in the intracranial pressure only group and 12 (8%) of 147 participants in the intracranial pressure and PbtO2 group had catheter dysfunction (p=0.011). Six patients (4%) in the intracranial pressure and PbtO2 group had an intracrebral haematoma related to the catheter, compared with none in the intracranial pressure only group (p=0.030). No significant difference in deaths was found between the two groups at 12 months after injury. At 12 months, 33 deaths had occurred in the intracranial pressure group: 25 (76%) were attributable to the brain trauma, six (18%) were end-of-life decisions, and two (6%) due to sepsis. 34 deaths had occured in the intracranial pressure and PbtO2 group at 12 months: 25 (74%) were attributable to the brain trauma, six (18%) were end-of-life decisions, one (3%) due to pulmonary embolism, one (3%) due to haemorrhagic shock, and one (3%) due to cardiac arrest.Interpretation: After severe non-penetrating traumatic brain injury, intracranial pressure and PbtO2 monitoring did not reduce the proportion of patients with poor neurological outcome at 6 months. Technical failures related to intracerebral catheter and intracerebral haematoma were more frequent in the intracranial pressure and PbtO2 group. Further research is needed to assess whether a targeted approach to multimodal brain monitoring could be useful in subgroups of patients with severe traumatic brain injury-eg, those with high intracranial pressure on admission