The future is distributed: a vision of sustainable economics

“The Future is distributed: a vision of sustainable economies” is a collection of case studies on distributed economies, a concept describing sustainable alternatives to the existing business models. The authors of this publication are international Masters students of the Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management Programme at the International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics at Lund University in Sweden. The aim of their work is to demonstrate that local, small-scale, community-based economies are not just part of the theory, but have already been implemented in various sectors and geographical settings

A Long-Range Internet of Things-Based Advanced Vehicle Pollution Monitoring System with Node Authentication and Blockchain

According to United Nations (UN) 2030 agenda, the pollution detection system needs to be improved for the establishment of fresh air to obtain healthy life of living things. There are many reasons for the pollution and one of the reasons for pollution is from the emissions of the vehicles. Currently digital technologies such as the Internet of Things and Long-Range are showing significant impact on establishment of smart infrastructure for achieving the sustainability. Based on this motivation, this study implemented a sensor node and gateway-based Internet of Things architecture to monitor the air quality index value from any location through Long-Range communication, and Internet connectivity. To realize the proposed system, a customization of hardware is carried out and implemented the customized hardware i.e., sensor node and gateway in real-time. The sensor node is powered with node mapping to minimize the data redundancy. In this study, the evaluation metrics such as bit rate, receiver sensitivity, and time on air are evaluated by spreading factor (SF), code rate (CR), bandwidth, number of packets, payload size, preamble, and noise figure. The real-time sensor values are logged on the cloud server through sensor node and gateway. The sensor values recorded in the cloud server is compared with optimal values and concluded that the PM10, PM2.5 are high in the air and remaining values of NO2, O3, CO are optimal in the air. Along with this an architecture is proposed for interfacing the hardware with blockchain network through cloud server and API for node authentication