A desagregação espacial de dados agrícolas: aplicação de uma abordagem baseada na máxima entropia ao concelho de Castelo de Vide

Dissertação mest., Gestão Sustentável de Espaços Rurais, Universidade do Algarve, 2009The purpose of this dissertation is to complement the lack of data related to the forest and agricultural occupation and the livestocks in Castelo de Vide. To solve the research problem a model of data disaggregation was developed, taking the utmost of previous information available in earlier studies. The proposed model was based on the ideas of generalized maximum entropy (GME) and minimum generalized crossed entropy (MGCE), in order to obtain a series of disaggregated data related to the forest and agricultural occupation, considering two levels of disaggregation and following two steps: 1) the creation of a basis at the aggregated level (Markov transition matrixes, estimated by the maximum entropy); 2) data disaggregation, based on the previous established basis. The model also involves two application variants: simultaneous disaggregation of data as well as a direct one (to solve the problems that might appear in the previous one and maximize the recovered information). Moreover, a model based on these principles is proposed to the disaggregation of the livestock data. The model is applied to the disaggregation of data in the municipality of Castelo de Vide. The results obtained in the process of direct disaggregation of the forest and agricultural occupation and livestock have shown to be reliable. They have been validated in the year of 1999, submitted to experts? opinions, to other sources of information and compared to the results of other methodologies. The analysis of the results showed that the forest and agricultural occupation of Alto Alentejo and Castelo de Vide after 1999 tend to be more homogeneous, with a strong domain of permanent pastures, and there is a shortage of certain livestocks (sheep and goats). The several CAP changes have had effects in Alto Alentejo and Castelo de Vide, since they have contributed to a larger extensification of the practice of agriculture and to the decline of traditional productions

Socioeconomic indicators for a multidimensional farm system typology in a forest management model – methodology and some resultsEL – METHODOLOGY AND SOME RESULTS

In the Mediterranean forests there is a diversity of agro-forest farms, with different management objectives and socioeconomic characteristics, which need to be accounted in forest management models. Therefore, the following paper presents a proposal of indicators to characterize socioeconomically the farms located within these forests in order to define typologies. Different information sources were analysed and social and economical key indicators defined. The typology created is based on four key indicators which result in 54 typologies. The indicators were applied to the Forest Intervention Zone (FIZ) Arade-Alte/S. B.Messines, using the official statistics complemented with a survey. Results show that the dominant farm type is the Small Scale-Singular producer- Forest- Family labour farm. The resulting simulations of different profit scenarios using a forest management model for the FIZ revealed the applicability of the methodology proposed to the objective.Socioeconomic indicators; Farms’ typologies, Algarve; Forest management model.

A mechano-chemical model for energy transduction in cytochrome c oxidase: the work of a Maxwell’s god

AbstractCytochrome c3 has a central role in the energetics of Desulfovibrio sp., where it performs an electroprotonic energy transduction step. This process uses a network of cooperativities, largely based on anti-Coulomb components, resulting from a mechano-chemical energy coupling mechanism. This mechanism provides a model coherent with the data available for the redox chemistry of haem a of cytochrome c oxidase and its link to the activation of protons. A crucial feature of the model is an anti-Coulomb effect that sets the stage for a molecular ratchet, ensuring vectoriality for the redox-driven localised movement of protons across the membrane, against an electrochemical gradient

A importância do exercício nórdico na prevenção de lesões nos isquiotibiais no futebol masculino: revisão de literatura

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em FisioterapiaObjetivo: Perceber a influência do exercício nórdico na prevenção de lesões nos isquiotibiais no futebol masculino. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa computorizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane e PEDro para identificar estudos randomizados que incluíssem o exercício nórdico e o relacionassem com treino preventivo de lesões isquiotibiais no futebol masculino. Resultados: Foram incluídos 3 estudos, com uma classificação média de 5,66 na escala de PEDro, numa amostra total de 1553 atletas, em que a amostra mínima foi de 32 e a máxima de 942 participantes. Os 3 artigos analisados, mostram que o exercício nórdico reduziu a incidência de lesão nos grupos de intervenção. Conclusão: O exercício nórdico reduz a probabilidade de lesão dos isquiotibiais no futebol.Objective: Influence of nordic exercise on the prevention of hamstring injuries in men's soccer. Methodology: A computerized research was made in PubMed, Cochrane and PEDro for identification randomized studies that included nordic exercise and related it with preventive training of hamstring injuries in men’s soccer. Results: Three trials were included, with an average score of 5.66 on the PEDro scale, with a total sample of 1553 athletes, the minimum sample was 32 and the maximum of 942 participants. The three papers analyzed, show that nordic exercise reduced the incidence of injurys in the intervention groups. Conclusion: Nordic exercise reduces the probability of hamstring injury in soccer.N/

Massive MIMO Full-Duplex Relaying with Optimal Power Allocation for Independent Multipairs

With the help of an in-band full-duplex relay station, it is possible to simultaneously transmit and receive signals from multiple users. The performance of such system can be greatly increased when the relay station is equipped with a large number of antennas on both transmitter and receiver sides. In this paper, we exploit the use of massive arrays to effectively suppress the loopback interference (LI) of a decode-and-forward relay (DF) and evaluate the performance of the end-to-end (e2e) transmission. This paper assumes imperfect channel state information is available at the relay and designs a minimum mean-square error (MMSE) filter to mitigate the interference. Subsequently, we adopt zero-forcing (ZF) filters for both detection and beamforming. The performance of such system is evaluated in terms of bit error rate (BER) at both relay and destinations, and an optimal choice for the transmission power at the relay is shown. We then propose a complexity efficient optimal power allocation (OPA) algorithm that, using the channel statistics, computes the minimum power that satisfies the rate constraints of each pair. The results obtained via simulation show that when both MMSE filtering and OPA method are used, better values for the energy efficiency are attained.Comment: Accepted to the 16th IEEE International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications - SPAWC, Stockholm, Sweden 201

Escoamento laminar e perdas de carga em condutas bidimensionais com derivação

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Mecânica. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 201

Large forest fires in Portugal Mainland as a result of fire disturbances in fire regime in mediterranean world

Embora o fogo tenha moldado os ecossistemas Mediterrâneos, os regimes de ocorrência de fogo, isto é, a sua frequência e intensidade, modificaram-se, tendo contribuído para um cenário onde os incêndios se tornaram não só mais prováveis de ocorrer, mas também mais difíceis de extinguir. Em Portugal, o número dos grandes incêndios florestais (≥100ha), ainda que seja estatisticamente irrelevante quando comparado com o total de ocorrências (0,8% no período entre 1981 e 2010), é, no entanto, o responsável pela maioria da área ardida anualmente, ou seja, por 73% da referida área ardida, no mesmo período. Apesar de, nos últimos anos, não haver um aumento, estatisticamente significativo, do seu número, verifica-se, ainda assim, uma ligeira tendência para o aumento da dimensão dos grandes incêndios florestais de maior extensão, tanto mais vincada quanto maior a sua grandeza.Although the fire has shaped the Mediterranean ecosystems, the occurrence of fire regimes, i.e., their frequency and intensity, have changed, and contributed to a scenario where fires have become not only more likely to occur, but also more difficult to extinguish. In Portugal, the number of large fires (≥100ha), although statistically irrelevant when compared with the total occurrences representing the past 3 decades only 0.8% of cases, is, however, responsible for the majority of area burned annually, representing 73% of the total area burned during the same period. Although in recent years, there is no statistically significant increase in their number, there is still a slight tendency in the increase of the size of the greater large forest fires, much more marked the larger its greatness

Prospecção mineral no sector de Barranco das Lages-Abegoaria, NW de Portel, Zona Ossa Morena : ponto de situação

No sector de Barranco das Lages-Abegoaria (Faixa Magnetítico-Zincífera, Zona de Ossa Morena), as anomalias de Cu, Zn e Pb em solos apresentam anisotropia espacial NW-SE / NNW-SSE e posicionam-se acima de 17.5, 97 e 24 ppm, respectivamente; o fundo local para o Cu cifra-se em 363 ppm. As principais anomalias coincidem com os chapéus de ferro de Barranco das Lages e Vale de Rebolo, circunscritos a unidades predominantemente metassedimentares do Neoproterozóico e Câmbrico Inferior. A NE destas anomalias geoquímicas, e sobre o contacto entre unidades de natureza xistenta e anfibolítica (Ordovícico-Silúrico?), desenvolve-se uma importante anomalia gravimétrica, a qual foi investigada por sondagem, revelando conter mineralização sulfuretada disseminada; a sua génese é correlativa da retrogradação metamórfica Varisca, cujos estádios tardios são marcados por razões a/r elevadas e maior focalização dos fluídos ao longo de fracturas diversas