Prospective associations between a priori dietary patterns adherence and kidney function in an elderly Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk

Purpose To assess the association between three different a priori dietary patterns adherence (17-item energy reduced-Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), Trichopoulou-MedDiet and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH)), as well as the Protein Diet Score and kidney function decline after one year of follow-up in elderly individuals with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods We prospectively analyzed 5675 participants (55-75 years) from the PREDIMED-Plus study. At baseline and at one year, we evaluated the creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and food-frequency questionnaires-derived dietary scores. Associations between four categories (decrease/maintenance and tertiles of increase) of each dietary pattern and changes in eGFR (ml/min/1.73m(2)) or >= 10% eGFR decline were assessed by fitting multivariable linear or logistic regression models, as appropriate. Results Participants in the highest tertile of increase in 17-item erMedDiet Score showed higher upward changes in eGFR (beta: 1.87 ml/min/1.73m(2); 95% CI: 1.00-2.73) and had lower odds of >= 10% eGFR decline (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.47-0.82) compared to individuals in the decrease/maintenance category, while Trichopoulou-MedDiet and DASH Scores were not associated with any renal outcomes. Those in the highest tertile of increase in Protein Diet Score had greater downward changes in eGFR (beta: - 0.87 ml/min/1.73m(2); 95% CI: - 1.73 to - 0.01) and 32% higher odds of eGFR decline (OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.00-1.75). Conclusions Among elderly individuals with overweight/obesity and MetS, only higher upward change in the 17-item erMedDiet score adherence was associated with better kidney function after one year. However, increasing Protein Diet Score appeared to have an adverse impact on kidney health. Trial Registration Number: ISRCTN89898870 (Data of registration: 2014).Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work was supported by the official Spanish Institutions for funding scientific biomedical research, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), through the Fondo de Investigacion para la Salud (FIS), which is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (six coordinated FIS projects leaded by JS-S and JVi, including the following projects: PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722, PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919, PI14/00853, PI14/01374, PI14/00972, PI14/00728, PI14/01471, PI16/00473, PI16/00662, PI16/01873, PI16/01094, PI16/00501, PI16/00533, PI16/00381, PI16/00366, PI16/01522, PI16/01120, PI17/00764, PI17/01183, PI17/00855, PI17/01347, PI17/00525, PI17/01827, PI17/00532, PI17/00215, PI17/01441, PI17/00508, PI17/01732, PI17/00926, PI19/00957, PI19/00386, PI19/00309, PI19/01032, PI19/00576, PI19/00017, PI19/01226, PI19/00781, PI19/01560, PI19/01332, PI20/01802, PI20/00138, PI20/01532, PI20/00456, PI20/00339, PI20/00557, PI20/00886, PI20/01158); the Especial Action Project entitled: Implementacion y evaluacion de una intervencion intensiva sobre la actividad fisica Cohorte PREDIMED-Plus grant to JS-S; the European Research Council (Advanced Research Grant 2014-2019; agreement #340918) granted to MAMG.; the Recercaixa (number 2013ACUP00194) grant to JS-S; grants from the Consejeria de Salud de la Junta de Andalucia (PI0458/2013, PS0358/2016, PI0137/2018); the PROMETEO/2017/017 and the PROMETEO 21/2021 grant from the Generalitat Valenciana; the SEMERGEN grant; the Boosting young talent call grant program for the development of IISPV research projects 2019-2021 (Ref.: 2019/IISPV/03 grant to AD-L); the Societat Catalana d'Endocrinologia i Nutricio (SCEN) Clinical-Research Grant 2019 (IPs: JS-S and AD-L). Collaborative Nutrition and/or Obesity Project for Young Researchers 2019 supported by CIBEROBN entitled: Lifestyle Interventions and Chronic Kidney Disease: Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Metabolomic Profile (LIKIDI study) grant to AD-L. Jordi Salas-Salvado, gratefully acknowledges the financial support by ICREA under the ICREA Academia programme. M.R.-G., is supported by the Ministry of Education of Spain (FPU17/06488). None of the funding sources took part in the design, collection, analysis, interpretation of the data, or writing the report, or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Anti-inflammatory effect of microbial consortia during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd The gut microbiome has a significant impact on host health, especially at the metabolic level. Dietary compounds arriving at the colon have a large influence on the composition of the gut microbiome. High fiber diets have been associated to health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA). Gut microbial interactions are relevant for the utilization of complex carbohydrates in the gut microbiome. In this work we characterized the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes, and the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model. Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. Their relative abundance, substrate consumption and major SCFAs produced were determined. Higher cell growth was observed during inulin consumption, and B. ado

Lethal dosis (LD50) determination using Co60 on agave tequilana var. Azul vitroplantlets [Determinación de la dosis letal (DL50) con Co60 en vitroplántulas DE Agave tequilana var. Azul]

The agave crop (Agave tequilana Weber var. 'Azul') is the source for tequila. It has important social, cultural and economic impacts, particularly on employment needed to fulfill the activities around the crop and industry. Low genetic diversity is present in the cultivar; thus, induction of genetic variability via mutagenesis can be an option. In this research the mean lethal dose (LD50) of Co60 gamma rays for inducing genetic variability on agave in vitro callus and plantlets was quantified. Plantlets were obtained by incubating agave explants on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing growth regulators which promoted growth of axillary buds. Calli were irradiated six weeks after induction and plantlets at 12 weeks of development. In both cases, doses applied were: 0 (control), 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Gy. Statistically differences were obtained for plantlets and calli growth; significant effects appeared at radiation level above 20 Gy for calli and 30 Gy for plantlets. Linear and quadratic regression models between doses and variables were appropriate; R2 for the linear model was 0.62, while the quadratic model had R2 = 0.74. LD50 was fixed between 20 and 25 Gy for plantlets and 16 Gy for callus, based on the quadratic model

Lethal dosis (LD50) determination using Co60 on agave tequilana var. Azul vitroplantlets [Determinación de la dosis letal (DL50) con Co60 en vitroplántulas DE Agave tequilana var. Azul]

The agave crop (Agave tequilana Weber var. 'Azul') is the source for tequila. It has important social, cultural and economic impacts, particularly on employment needed to fulfill the activities around the crop and industry. Low genetic diversity is present in the cultivar; thus, induction of genetic variability via mutagenesis can be an option. In this research the mean lethal dose (LD50) of Co60 gamma rays for inducing genetic variability on agave in vitro callus and plantlets was quantified. Plantlets were obtained by incubating agave explants on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing growth regulators which promoted growth of axillary buds. Calli were irradiated six weeks after induction and plantlets at 12 weeks of development. In both cases, doses applied were: 0 (control), 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Gy. Statistically differences were obtained for plantlets and calli growth; significant effects appeared at radiation level above 20 Gy for calli and 30 Gy for plantlets. Linear and quadratic regression models between doses and variables were appropriate; R2 for the linear model was 0.62, while the quadratic model had R2 = 0.74. LD50 was fixed between 20 and 25 Gy for plantlets and 16 Gy for callus, based on the quadratic model

MICROPROGAPACIÓN DE AGAVE (Agave tequilana Weber. var. Azul) A TRAVÉS DE YEMAS AXILARES

El agave (Agave tequilana Weber var. azul), se le conoce comúnmente como “Agave Azul o Agave Tequileroâ€. La planta de agave es un producto económicamente importante de México debido a que es el ingrediente base del Tequila, el cual es una bebida popular destilada. La micropropagación es una técnica importante para la multiplicación masiva en agave y la respuesta a los reguladores de crecimiento debe considerarse en el desarrollo de cada protocolo. El objetivo del trabajo fue obtener plántulas de agave a partir del cultivo de meristemos in vitro. Se colectaron hijuelos de seis meses en plantaciones de 3 años de edad. Los meristemos se lavaron y desinfestaron con alcohol al 70% y una solución de hipoclorito al 3% por 15 minutos y se dio triple enjuague en condiciones de asepsia en la cámara de flujo laminar. Los explantes se sembraron en el medio Murashige y Skoog (MS), suplementado con 24.6 µM de AIB y 46.46 μM de Cinetina, 30 g/L de sacarosa y 8 g/L de agar para su solidificación. El medio se vertió en frascos de 100 mL de capacidad a razón de 25 mL y se esterilizó en autoclave por 15 min a 121°C. Se sembró un explante por frasco y se colocaron en la cámara de crecimiento a 27°C con 16 horas luz. La inducción de los brotes se presentó a partir de la cuarta semana posterior a la siembra. Los brotes obtenidos se multiplicaron transfiriéndose a medio MS suplementado con 0.1 mg L-1 de AIB y 46.46 μM de Cinetina. El desarrollo de las plántulas se obtuvo a la cuarta semana después del inicio de la inducción de los brotes. La micropropagación de plántulas de agave a partir de yemas axilares, se completó en un lapso de 10 semanas a partir de la siembra de los meristemos. Al considerar el tiempo requerido para la obtención de vitroplántulas de agave, se confirmó que la técnica de micropropagación es un proceso eficiente para la obtención masiva de plántulas sanas, vigorosas y libres de patógenos

Micropropagation of agave (Agave tequilana Weber. var. Azul) through axillary buds [Microprogapación de agave (Agave tequilana Weber. Var. Azul) a través de yemas axilares]

Agave (Agave tequilana Weber var. azul), is commonly called, "Blue Agave or Agave Tequilero". The agave plant is an important economic product of Mexico due to its base ingredient is Tequila, which is a popular distilled spirit. Agave in vitro propagation is a new technique to obtain rapid multiplication in a short time. The plant response to hormones must be evaluated for each species of Agave. The objective for this research was to generate agave plantlets from axillary buds by in vitro culture. Six month aged plants were brought from the production field. Buds were disinfected with 70% alcohol and 3% sodium hypochlorite for 15 minutes and triple rinsed under aseptic conditions. Explants were cultured in Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium, supplemented with 24.6 μM of AIB and 46.46 μM of Kinetin, sucrose 30 g L-1 and agar 8 g L-1. Medium was added at 25 mL per flask and sterilized at 121°C for 15 minutes. One explant per flask was cultured and incubated at 27°C and 16 hours light. The bud induction appears in four weeks after it was cultured and then they were subcultured in MS supplemented with 0.5 μM of AIB and 46.46 μM of Kinetin. The plantlets development was reached at four weeks after the buds induction. Agave micropropagation from auxiliary buds was completed within 10 weeks. The time required to get in vitro-plants were demonstrated using the in vitro technique propagation. It is an efficient process of mass multiplication to obtain healthy, pathogen free and vigorous plants

Micropropagation of agave (Agave tequilana Weber. var. Azul) through axillary buds [MicroprogapaciZapotitlánn de agave (Agave tequilana Weber. Var. Azul) a través de yemas axilares]

Agave (Agave tequilana Weber var. azul), is commonly called, "Blue Agave or Agave Tequilero". The agave plant is an important economic product of Mexico due to its base ingredient is Tequila, which is a popular distilled spirit. Agave in vitro propagation is a new technique to obtain rapid multiplication in a short time. The plant response to hormones must be evaluated for each species of Agave. The objective for this research was to generate agave plantlets from axillary buds by in vitro culture. Six month aged plants were brought from the production field. Buds were disinfected with 70% alcohol and 3% sodium hypochlorite for 15 minutes and triple rinsed under aseptic conditions. Explants were cultured in Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium, supplemented with 24.6 ?M of AIB and 46.46 ?M of Kinetin, sucrose 30 g L-1 and agar 8 g L-1. Medium was added at 25 mL per flask and sterilized at 121°C for 15 minutes. One explant per flask was cultured and incubated at 27°C and 16 hours light. The bud induction appears in four weeks after it was cultured and then they were subcultured in MS supplemented with 0.5 ?M of AIB and 46.46 ?M of Kinetin. The plantlets development was reached at four weeks after the buds induction. Agave micropropagation from auxiliary buds was completed within 10 weeks. The time required to get in vitro-plants were demonstrated using the in vitro technique propagation. It is an efficient process of mass multiplication to obtain healthy, pathogen free and vigorous plants