Halitose e seu impacto social

O mau odor na cavidade oral é um fator de preocupação para a sociedade por ser desagradável tanto para a própria pessoa quanto para as outras com as quais ele se relaciona. Apresenta etiologia multifatorial e sua maior causa é de origem intraoral, a qual é provocada por fatores locais, como língua saburrosa, biofilme interdental, doença periodontal e hipossalivação. Neste trabalho pretende-se apresentar um relato de caso sobre halitose e expor suas causas. Paciente do gênero feminino, 46 anos, hipertensa compensada, compareceu a clínica da Unoesc relatando sentir um mau odor toda vez que utiliza fio dental. Após anamnese e exame clínico foi diagnosticado cálculo supra gengival, múltiplas restaurações em resina composta insatisfatórias, provisório no elemento 12 mal adaptado e higienização deficiente. Sabendo-se que a halitose ocorre em meios alcalinos, se origina de gases, conhecidos como odorivetores, verificaram-se que a má adaptação marginal, a rugosidade superficial do provisório do dente 12 e a solubilização do cimento provocaram a impacção de alimentos e a formação de biofilme. Houve então a degradação da matéria orgânica pelas bactérias que ocasionaram a liberação de compostos orgânicos voláteis de origem metabólica resultando na queixa da paciente. Para solucionar o caso foram necessárias a realização de raspagens supragengivais em todos os dentes da boca, a troca de restaurações mal adaptadas, a instrução de higiene oral e a confecção de uma prótese definitiva para o elemento 12. De acordo com os fatos expostos, acredita-se que prótese definitivas bem adaptadas e uma higiene eficiente são os principais fatores para eliminar o mau odor proveniente da cavidade oral, pois a falha nesses pontos gera acúmulo de detritos alimentares, células descamadas e bactérias as quais irão ocasionar a decomposição desse conteúdo, liberando gases e originando a halitose.Palavras-chave: Halitose. Biofilme. Placa dentária. Prótese provisória unitária

Deficiências de macronutrientes, Fe e B em manjericão (Oimum sp.), em cultivo hidropônico

São descritos os sintomas de deficiências dos macronutrientes, Fe e B em manjericão (Ocimum sp.), em cultivo hidropônico, e avaliados os efeitos da omissão de cada nutriente na produção de matéria seca da parte aérea e de raízes, na altura de plantas e no comprimento do sistema radicular, bem como estabelecidos, em cada caso, o teor foliar do nutriente associado ao sintoma visual desenvolvido. O crescimento das plantas, avaliado pela produção de matéria seca de parte aérea, raízes e altura mostrou a seguinte ordem decrescente de restrição: Ca > N 2 P 2 Mg Z Fe. O comprimento do sistema radicular foi bastante prejudicado pela omissão de Ca e Fe. A omissão de Ca caracterizou-se por escurecimento do sistema radicular 48 horas após o inicio dos tratamentos. Posteriormente, as raízes tornaram-se totalmente enegrecidas, e paralisando-se o crescimento. Nas folhas observaram-se redução do tamanho, necrose das margens 'e abscisão. Os“ sintomas de carência de N caracterizaram-se por amarelecimento discreto e uniforme das folhas, que progrediu rapidamente, especialmente nas mais velhas. As plantas com omissão de P apresentavam-se com tonalidade verde-clara em toda extensão da parte aérea. A deficiência de Mg causou o aparecimento de clorose, intemerval e pequenas necroses irregulares e acinzentadas, inicialmente nas margens e posteriormente no limbo foliar da parte superior das “plantas. A deficiência de Fe apresentou-se Como uma coloração amarelo pálida das folhas mais jovens, seguida de necroses irregulares e abscisão foliar. As carências de S e K foram pouco evidentes, caracterizando-se por leve clorose, enquanto a carência de B não resultou em sintomas visuais no tempo em que foi conduzido o ensaio. As folhas da metade superior da planta submetidas ao tratamento completo apresentaram 5,04; 0,94; 4,90; 2,15; 0,46 e 0,30 dag/kg e ' 140 mg/kg de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S e Fe, enquanto as das plantas deficientes apresentaram 1,49; 0,13; 1,04; 1,01; 0,06 e 0,13 dag/kg e 117 mg/kg de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S e Fe, respectivamente.The objectives of this study were to describe the deficiency symptoms of macronutrients, Fe and B in sweet basil (Ocimum sp .) in hydroponic culture, to evaluate the effect of their omission on aerial part and root dry matter, plant height and root length and to determine the leaf factor associated to the visual symptom develop ed for each case. Plant growth, which was evaluated by the aerial part and root dry matter production and plant height, showed the following decreasing restriction order: Ca > N 2 P 2 Mg ?. Fe. Root system length was considerably damaged by Ca and Fe omission. Ca omission was characterized by darkening of the root system at 48 hours after treatments were started. Afterwards, the roots became completely dull and had their growth stopped. Size reduction, margin necrosis and leaf abscision were observed“ Six days after applying the treatments, the symptoms of N shortage became apparent, characterized by a discrete and uniform yellowing of the leaves, quickly advancing, specially in the older ones, which became completely yellowish after the lSth day. Fourteen days after treatment application, the P-lacking plants showed a light-green coloration in the whole aerial part, and such a symptom was maintained until the end of the experiment. Mg deficiency caused the appearance of an internerval chlorosis and some small irregular and grayish necrosis, initially in the margins and later in the leaf limb of the upper part of the plant. Fe deficiency caused the younger leaves to show a pale yellow color followed by irregular necrosis and leaf abscision. S and K shortages were not much evident and were characterized by light chlorosis, whereas B shortages resulted in no visual symptoms during the period the assay was conducted. The leaves at the upper half part of the plant, submitted to complete treatment presented 5.04, 0.94, 4.90, 2.15, 0.46 and 0.30 dag/kg of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S, while those of the deficient plants presented 1.49, 0.13, 1.04, 1.01, 0.06 and 13 dag/kg ofN, P, K, Ca, Mg and S. The Fe contents were 140 and 117 mg/kg in the leaves at the upper half part of the well- nourished plants and in the Fe-deflcient ones, respectively

Comentarios a una sentencia anunciada : el proceso Lula

El centenar de textos que conforman este libro -escritos por un movimiento de prestigiosos/as juristas y abogados- desgranan el procedimiento al que fue sometido Lula. En la opinión de las y los autores de los artículos las normas no fueron observadas, y su inobservancia llevó a que se dictaminase una decisión injusta. Frases del estilo "Voy a tomar una decisión revolucionaria, dejando de lado la ley, porque por la ley no se puede condenarlo de ninguna manera”, dichas en los juicios por las más altas autoridades judiciales militares y civiles, hoy son conocidas gracias a quienes se abocaron al trabajo de escuchar los audios de aquellas sesiones, nutriendo las reflexiones que argumentan sobre el imperativo de la hora: restablecer el estado de derecho y absolver al presidente Lula Da Silva

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS: a data set of bird morphological traits from the Atlantic forests of South America

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Comentários a uma sentença anunciada : o processo Lula

“Comentários a uma sentença: o Caso Lula” é talvez o mais importante documento jurídico publicado no Brasil em décadas. A presente coletânea de artigos nasceu de um movimento espontâneo e bastante significativo de juristas brasileiros e estrangeiros que examinaram cuidadosamente a sentença proferida no âmbito do processo que tramitou na 13ª Vara Federal de Curitiba, no caso que ficou conhecido na mídia como o do “tríplex do Guarujá”. <br>De la presentación de Geraldo Prad

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data