66 research outputs found
Tensões entre poder secular e poder episcopal: o conflito do açougue eclesiástico (1705-1718)
Os conflitos entre o poder civil e o poder eclesiástico ao longo da histĂłriada Bahia colonial parecem merecer mais atenção do que aquela dedicadapela historiografia brasileira atĂ© hoje. A sociedade baiana dos sĂ©culosXVII e XVIII, como toda sociedade de Antigo Regime, era profundamentemarcada por uma hierarquia polĂtica, social e econĂ´mica na qual apossessĂŁo de privilĂ©gios constituĂa um poderoso instrumento dedistinção. A criação de um açougue separado para os clĂ©rigos, noarcebispado de D. JoĂŁo da Madre de Deus, deve ser compreendida nessesentido. Nesta comunicação pretendo narrar alguns momentos dahistĂłria desse açougue, alĂ©m de mostrar de que maneira a posse de umestabelecimento distinto para esses religiosos despertou, para alĂ©m dasreclamações dos oficiais da Câmara acerca dos prejuĂzos da FazendaReal, conflitos mais diretos entre o Arcebispo Dom SebastiĂŁo Monteiro daVide e o Ouvidor da Comarca Miguel Manso Preto
Antifungal activity of amphotericin B conjugated to nanosized magnetite in the treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis
This study reports on in vitro and in vivo tests that sought to assess the antifungal activity of a newly developed magnetic carrier system comprising amphotericin B loaded onto the surface of pre-coated (with a double-layer of lauric acid) magnetite nanoparticles. The in vitro tests compared two drugs; i.e., this newly developed form and free amphotericin B. We found that this nanocomplex exhibited antifungal activity without cytotoxicity to human urinary cells and with low cytotoxicity to peritoneal macrophages. We also evaluated the efficacy of the nanocomplex in experimental paracoccidioidomycosis. BALB/c mice were intratracheally infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and treated with the compound for 30 or 60 days beginning the day after infection. The newly developed amphotericin B coupled with magnetic nanoparticles was effective against experimental paracoccidioidomycosis,
and it did not induce clinical, biochemical or histopathological alterations. The
nanocomplex also did not induce genotoxic effects in bone marrow cells. Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that amphotericin B coupled to magnetic nanoparticles and stabilized with bilayer lauric acid is a promising nanotool for the treatment of the experimental paracoccidioidomycosis because it exhibited antifungal activity that was similar to that of free amphotericin B, did not induce adverse effects in therapeutic doses and allowed for a reduction in the number of applications
EstratĂ©gias de aquisição da casa prĂłpria: a trajetĂłria de algumas famĂlias negras paulistanas nas dĂ©cadas de 1920 a 1940
In Brazil, there is a cultural belief that property acquisition is the wisest attitude to ensure a safe and stable economy. For generations, the "dream of property ownership" has been cultivated as a horizon to be achieved. Confirming this tendency, since the 1920s, "casa propria" (home ownership) became a notion mobilized in the black press periodicals, circulating as a desirable aspiration and an orientation to the journals public. Between 1924 and 1937, two of the main newspapers of SĂŁo Paulo black press, O Clarim da Alvorada and A Voz da Raça, carried out a campaign in favor of property ownership, spreading among paulista black families the importance of property acquisition. These campaigns are an important sign for the relevance of buying a property for black families at that time. In this paper, we seek to analyze it as an intergenerational social security strategy, through the presentation of three cases of black families that accomplished this goal between 1920s and 1940s. The black families testimonies reported here indicate precocity, specificities and strategies that represent new challenges for the formulation of property ownership problem, from a racial point of view.No Brasil, há uma crença cultural de que a atitude mais sábia para garantir uma economia domĂ©stica segura e estável Ă© a aquisição da casa prĂłpria. Por gerações, o “sonho da casa prĂłpria” tem sido cultivado como um horizonte a se atingir. Confirmando essa tendĂŞncia, desde a dĂ©cada de 1920, a “casa prĂłpria” torna-se uma noção mobilizada nos periĂłdicos da imprensa negra, circulando em diversos artigos como uma aspiração desejável e uma orientação ao pĂşblico dos jornais. Entre 1924 e 1937, dois dos principais jornais da imprensa negra paulista, O Clarim da Alvorada e A Voz da Raça, realizaram uma campanha em favor da casa prĂłpria, difundindo entre as famĂlias negras paulistanas a ideia da importância da aquisição imobiliária. Essas campanhas constituem um indĂcio importante da relevância da aquisição residencial para as famĂlias negras do perĂodo. Neste trabalho, procuramos analisar essa importância como estratĂ©gia de seguridade social intergeracional, por meio da apresentação de trĂŞs casos de famĂlias negras que realizaram esse objetivo entre as dĂ©cadas de 1920 e 1940. Os depoimentos das famĂlias negras aqui reportados indicamprecocidade, especificidades e estratĂ©gias que representam novos desafios para a reflexĂŁo sobre a formulação do problema da casa prĂłpria, a partir do ponto de vista racial
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4
While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge
of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In
the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of
Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus
crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced
environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian
Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by
2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status,
much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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