Predição de abandono de tratamento da tuberculose

Projeto final Predição de abandono de tratamento da tuberculose, do curso Bootcamp Machine Learning, turma 1/21.16 páginasAnálise e Ciência de DadosSaúd

Use of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC) Associated with Hyperbaric Oxygenation Therapy in Maxillary Appositional Bone Reconstruction. A Randomized Clinical Trial

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate bone reconstruction using xenograft alone and associated with bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Material and Methods: Twenty-four maxillary edentulous patients were randomly assigned into three groups: Control group (CG)—xenograft bone alone (n = 8); Group 1 (G1)—xenogeneic bone block combined with BMAC (n = 8), and Group 2 (G2)—xenogeneic bone block combined with BMAC and hyperbaric oxygenation (n = 8). Bone biopsies were harvested 6 months after grafting. Vital Mineralized Tissue (VMT), Non-vital Mineralized Tissue (NVMT), and Non-Mineralized Tissue (NMT) were measured. Computed tomography was also performed on three occasions T0 (preoperative), T4 (4 months postoperative), and T8 (8 months postoperative). The difference between T4 and T8 values with respect to T0 was used to determine the thickness level gain after 4 and 8 months, respectively. Results: The tomographic evaluation did not show significant differences between the groups either at 4 or at the 8 months postoperatively. Regarding the histomorphometric analysis, CG had the lowest percentages of VMT (36.58 ± 9.56%), whereas G1 and G2 had similar results (55.64 ± 2.83% and 55.30 ± 1.41%, respectively). Concerning NMT and NVMT levels, the opposite was observed, with CG levels of 51.21 ± 11.54% and 11.16 ± 2.37%, G1 of 39.76 ± 11.48% and 3.65 ± 0.87%, and G2 of 40.3 ± 11.48% and 4.10 ± 0.87%, respectively. Conclusions: The use of bone block xenograft associated with BMAC resulted in a significant increase of bone neoformation when compared to the xenograft alone, though hyperbaric oxygenation did not enhance the results.Odontologí

Relação entre a densidade mineral óssea e a resistência à compressão de blocos ósseos xenógenos / Relationship between bone mineral density and compressive strength of xenogenous bone blocks

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a densidade mineral óssea (DMO), a resistência final à compressão (RFC), e a eventual correlação entre os valores dessas variáveis, de quatro blocos ósseos xenógenos comercialmente disponíveis no Brasil para aplicações em implantodontia. Trinta e dois espécimes dos materiais de enxertia analisados foram divididos em 4 grupos de estudo (n = 8): Grupo 1 (G1), Biocollagen (Bioteck, Arcugnano, Itália); Grupo 2 (G2), Bio-Graft, (Geistilich, Wolhusen, Suíça); Grupo 3 (G3), OrthoGen (Baumer, Mogi Mirim, SP, Brasil); e Grupo 4 (G4), Bonefill (Bionnovation, Bauru, SP, Brasil). A DMO foi determinada por meio da análise da densidade óptica dos materiais, observada em imagens tomográficas de alta definição, e expressa em unidades Hounsfield (HU). A RFC foi determinada por meio de um ensaio mecânico de compressão e expressa em Newton (N). Os valores de DMO encontrados para os grupos G1, G2, G3 e G4 foram significativamente diferentes, a saber, 354,3 HU, 317,7 HU, 206,5 HU e 145,6 HU, respectivamente (p ? 0,05). Os valores de RFC encontrados para os grupos G1, G2, G3 e G4 também foram significativamente diferentes, a saber, 685,18 N, 563,18 N, 915,20 N e 1399,70 N, respectivamente (p ? 0,05). Observou-se uma correlação positiva e moderada entre a DMO e a RFC apenas no G4 (p = 0,015; r2 = 0,655). A análise dos resultados demonstrou que os blocos de enxerto ósseo xenógenos com uma menor DMO tendem a ter uma maior RFC

Urban-rural disparities in smoking behaviour in Germany

BACKGROUND: It is currently not clear whether individuals living in metropolitan areas differ from individuals living in rural and urban areas with respect to smoking behaviours. Therefore, we sought to explore the relation between residential area and smoking behaviours in Germany. METHODS: We used a nationwide German census representative for the general population of Germany. A number of 181,324 subjects aged 10 years or older were included. Information on the average daily usage of cigarettes that have or had been smoked formerly or currently was available in subjects who have ever smoked. A daily consumption of more than 20 cigarettes was considered heavy smoking. Logistic regression analyses were performed sex-stratified and adjusted for relevant confounders. RESULTS: Analyses revealed inhabitants of metropolitan areas to be more likely current smokers than inhabitants of rural areas (odds ratio 1.56, 95%-confidence interval 1.51; 1.62). Among current and former smokers those who lived in urban communities had also increased odds for being heavy smokers than those who lived in rural communities. CONCLUSION: We conclude that living in an urban and particularly living in a metropolitan area is a determinant of both smoking and severity of current smoking. Tobacco control programs should recognize the difference in living conditions between rural and urban areas

Autologous Periosteum-Derived Micrografts and PLGA/HA Enhance the Bone Formation in Sinus Lift Augmentation

Sinus lift augmentation is a procedure required for the placement of a dental implant, whose success can be limited by the quantity or quality of available bone. To this purpose, the first aim of the current study was to evaluate the ability of autologous periosteum-derived micrografts and Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) supplemented with hydroxyl apatite (HA) to induce bone augmentation in the sinus lift procedure. Secondly, we compared the micrograft's behavior with respect to biomaterial alone, including Bio-Oss® and PLGA/HA, commercially named Alos. Sinus lift procedure was performed on 24 patients who required dental implants and who, according to the study design and procedure performed, were divided into three groups: group A (Alos + periosteum-derived micrografts); group B (Alos alone); and group C (Bio-Oss® alone). Briefly, in group A, a small piece of periosteum was collected from each patient and mechanically disaggregated by Rigenera® protocol using the Rigeneracons medical device. This protocol allowed for the obtainment of autologous micrografts, which in turn were used to soak the Alos scaffold. At 6 months after the sinus lift procedure and before the installation of dental implants, histological and radiographic evaluations in all three groups were performed. In group A, where sinus lift augmentation was performed using periosteum-derived micrografts and Alos, the bone regeneration was much faster than in the control groups where it was performed with Alos or Bio-Oss® alone (groups B and C, respectively). In addition, the radiographic evaluation in the patients of group A showed a radio-opacity after 4 months, while after 6 months, the prosthetic rehabilitation was improved and was maintained after 2 years post-surgery. In summary, we report on the efficacy of periosteum-derived micrografts and Alos to augment sinus lift in patients requiring dental implants. This efficacy is supported by an increased percentage of vital mineralized tisssue in the group treated with both periosteum-derived micrografts and Alos, with respect to the control group of Alos or Bio-Oss® alone, as confirmed by histological analysis and radiographic evaluations at 6 months from treatment

RIGGS: uma abordagem baseada em modelos de transições de áreas para teste de jogos digitais

Um jogo digital, por ser um sistema de software, passa por diversas etapas dentro de seu ciclo de vida e uma delas é a etapa de testes. Como geralmente são sistemas não determinísticos, os jogos digitais possuem características como a aleatoriedade, que tendem a dificultar a utilização de técnicas de testes tradicionais para a realização de testes automáticos. Apesar disso, há poucos trabalhos na literatura que abrangem a utilização de testes automatizados em jogos digitais. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma abordagem semi automatizada (RIGGS) na geração de modelos para cenários e requisitos de teste, considerando dados coletados das ações dos jogadores resultantes na transação de regiões dentro de um jogo digital. realizando um estudo de caso que visa demonstrar o funcionamento da abordagem proposta.Since a digital game is a software system, it goes through several stages within its life cycle, and one of them is the testing phase. As they are generally non-deterministic systems, digital games have characteristics such as randomness, which tend to make it challenging to use traditional testing techniques to perform automatic tests. Despite this, few studies in the literature cover the use of automated tests in digital games. In this sense, the goal of this paper is to propose a semi-automated approach (RIGGS) in generating models for test scenarios and requirements, considering data collected from players' actions resulting from the transition of regions within a digital game, performing a case study which aims to demonstrate the functioning of the proposed approach

Influence of titanium surface treatments on viability of periodontal fibroblasts grown in an osteogenic culture medium

Background: The integrity of the protective seal provided by the gingiva in direct contact with the implant surface is one of the main factors involved in the prevention of peri-implantitis. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the viability of periodontal fibroblasts grown in an osteogenic culture medium in contact with titanium surfaces treated either with acid etching alone or with acid etching + anodizing. Materials and Methods: Periodontal fibroblasts grown in an osteogenic culture medium were distributed in a control group, with cells grown in culture bottles, and two experimental groups, with cells grown in contact with titanium disks measuring 6 mm in diameter. The surface of the disks was subjected to acid etching alone (AEG, n = 25) or to acid etching + anodizing (ANG, n = 25), and then evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cell viability was assessed by the [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium] bromide test on days 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 of the cell culture. The Mann–Whitney test was used for the statistical analysis (P < 0.05). Results: The SEM assessment revealed that the surface of AEG specimens had micrometric characteristics, whereas the surface of ANG specimens had nanometric characteristics. No significant difference was observed among the groups regarding cell viability at any of the evaluation time points. Conclusion: The titanium surface treatments tested did not affect the viability of periodontal fibroblasts in an osteogenic culture medium

Autologous Periosteum-Derived Micrografts and PLGA/HA Enhance the Bone Formation in Sinus Lift Augmentation

Sinus lift augmentation is a procedure required for the placement of a dental implant, whose success can be limited by the quantity or quality of available bone. To this purpose, the first aim of the current study was to evaluate the ability of autologous periosteum-derived micrografts and Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) supplemented with hydroxyl apatite (HA) to induce bone augmentation in the sinus lift procedure. Secondly, we compared the micrograft’s behavior with respect to biomaterial alone, including Bio-Oss® and PLGA/HA, commercially named Alo

Comparative analysis of two biomaterials mixed with autogenous bone graft for vertical ridge augmentation: A histomorphometric study in humans

BackgroundThe vertical increase of the alveolar ridge dimension using allograft or xenograft mixed with autogenous bone graft and covered by a nonabsorbable high-density polytetrafluoroethylene (d-PTFE) membrane is well documented in the literature.PurposeThe aim of this study was to assess vital mineralized tissue formation in vertical ridge augmentation (VRA) procedures using autogenous bone chips mixed either with an allograft or a xenograft.MethodsThis prospective clinical trial recruited 16 partially edentulous patients to undergo vertical ridge augmentation in one or more sites, making up a total of 24 samples for histological evaluation. Patients were sequentially stratified into Group A (treated with a freeze-dried bone allograft [FDBA] mixed with autogenous bone) or to Group B (treated with a bovine xenograft mixed with autogenous bone). Histological samples were analyzed according to the biomaterial used for VRA. Histological samples were obtained on the same day of membrane removal and implant placement.ResultsThirty-three implants were placed in 16 sites of regenerated bone via VRA, 13 patients with ridge augmentation in the posterior mandible, and 3 patients with VRA in the anterior maxilla. Group A (FDBA + autogenous) and Group B (xenograft + autogenous) showed a percent vital mineralized tissue (VMT) area of 67.64 ± 16.84 and 60.93 ± 18.25, respectively. A significant difference between the two biomaterials was not observed.ConclusionWhen mixed with autogenous bone, either allografts or xenografts may provide a successful augmentation. Either mixture could serve as reliable alternative in VRA for obtaining a high percentage of VMT.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/175117/1/cid13124.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/175117/2/cid13124_am.pd