Use of Some Bacteria and Mycorrhizae as Biofertilizers in Vegetable Growing and Beneficial Effects in Salinity and Drought Stress Conditions

Industrialization and rapid population growth, especially after the second half of the twentieth century, have also revealed significant environmental problems in the world. The consistent and alarming increase in the human population has again threatened the world’s food security. It is becoming increasingly clear that conventional agricultural practices cannot sustain the production base, a healthy plant-soil system, for too long. There is a growing worldwide demand for compatible environmentally friendly techniques in agriculture, capable of providing adequate nourishment for the increasing human population and of improving the quality and quantity of certain agricultural products. For these reasons, the application of beneficial microorganisms is an important alternative to some of the traditional agricultural techniques which very often severely alter the agro-ecosystem balance and cause serious damage to health. Beneficial microorganisms can play a key role in this major challenge, as they fulfill important ecosystem functions for plants and soil. Utilization of these microorganisms affects plant’s growth and yield in a positive way. Besides, their favorable effects on root growth help plants to deal with both biotic and abiotic stress factors. PGPR and mycorrhizae can influence higher plants response to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity through different mechanisms

Silicon-induced Salinity Tolerance Improves Photosynthesis, Leaf Water Status, Membrane Stability, and Growth in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Salt stress is a major problem worldwide because it decreases yields of many important agricultural crops. Silicon is the second-most abundant element in soil and has numerous beneficial effects on plants, particularly in alleviating stress-related impacts. Pepper is an important crop in the Mediterranean region, but pepper varieties differ in their salinity tolerances. The objective of this research was to test the ability of silicon to mitigate effects of salt stress in both salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant cultivars. Salt damage was evaluated by measuring biomass, photosynthetic-related variables, leaf water potential, and membrane damage. We found that the addition of silicon solute to a growth medium was highly effective in improving plant growth by enhancing photosynthesis, stomatal conductance (g(S)), leaf water status, and membrane stability, which in turn led to higher biomass production in salt-stressed pepper plants, especially in a salt-sensitive cultivar. From an agronomic viewpoint, application of Si may provide economically relevant productivity improvements for salt-sensitive pepper genotypes grown under moderate salinity conditions and for salt-tolerant genotype grown under higher-salinity conditions

The role of repeated extended FAST in patients with stable blunt thoracoabdominal trauma

BACKGROUND: Thoracic and abdominal computed tomography scans are widely used modalities for trauma patients in emergency department (ED). However, alternative diagnostic and follow-up tools are also needed, due to limitations such as high cost and exces-sive radiation exposure. This study aimed to investigate the utility of repeated extended focused abdominal sonography for trauma (rE-FAST) performed by the emergency physician in patients with stable blunt thoracoabdominal trauma.METHODS: This was a prospective, single-center diagnostic accuracy study. Patients with blunt thoracoabdominal trauma admitted to the ED were included in the study. The E-FAST was performed on the patients included in the study at the 0th h, the 3rd h, and the 6th h during their follow-up. Then, the diagnostic accuracy metrics of E-FAST and rE-FAST were calculated.RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity of E-FAST in determining thoracoabdominal pathologies were found to be 75% and 98.7%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for specific pathologies were 66.7% and 100% for pneumothorax, 66.7% and 98.8% for hemothorax, and 66.7% and 100% for hemoperitoneum, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of rE-FAST in determining thoracal and/or abdominal hemorrhage in stable patients were found to be 100% and 98.7%, respectively.CONCLUSION: E-FAST successfully rules in thoracoabdominal pathologies in patients with blunt trauma, with its high specificity. However, only a rE-FAST might be sensitive enough to exclude traumatic pathologies in these stable patients

COVID-19 pandemi döneminde acil servise yapılan tekrarlayan başvuruların değerlendirilmesi

Objective: Coronavirus disease-2019 has resulted in changes in healthcare and management services. One of these changes is related to in patient presentation to emergency departments (ED). This study aimed to investigate the rate of recurrent presentations to an ED during the pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period. Materials and Methods: Patients that presented to the ED of a tertiary hospital again within 72 hours of their first visit were screened from the hospital information management system for the pre pandemic (June 1-November 30, 2019) and pandemic (June 1-November 30, 2020) periods. So, hospitalization rates were compared between the two periods. Results: In the pre-pandemic period, the number of ED registrations was 67,414, of which 3,463 belonged to recurrent presentations, while in the pandemic period, these numbers were determined as 43,636 and 2,238, respectively. The rate of admission to any hospital ward (n=521, 16.4%) or the intensive care unit (n=56, 1.8%) nearly doubled during the pandemic. Six of these patients died in the ED in the pandemic period, while no death was observed in the pre-pandemic period. Conclusion: Although there was a decrease in the number of both hospital and ED presentations during the pandemic, an increase was observed in the number of patients with recurrent presentations to the ED. As a result of this patient group postponing visits to the hospital for their acute problems due to the fear of being infected, their need for hospitalization and intensive care follow-up increased.Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 (COVID-19) sağlık bakım ve yönetim hizmetlerinde değişikliklere neden oldu. Bu değişikliklerden biri de acil servis hasta başvurularında yaşandı. Bu çalışmada pandemi döneminde acil servislerde tekrarlayan başvuru oranlarının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Pandemi öncesi dönem (1 Haziran-30 Kasım 2019) ile pandemi döneminde (1 Haziran -30 Kasım 2020) 3. basamak bir hastanenin acil servisine ilk başvuru sonrası 72 saat içerisinde tekrar başvuruda bulunan hastalar hastane bilgi yönetimi sistemi üzerinden taranmıştır. Hastane ve acil servis başvuru sayıları, demografik özellikleri ve hastaneye yatış oranları her iki dönem açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Pandemi öncesi dönemde acil servis kayıt sayısı 67.414 olup bu hastalar içerisinde 3.463’ü tekrarlayan başvuruyken, pandemi döneminde kayıt sayısı 43.636 olup bunların 2.238’i tekrarlayan başvuruda bulunmuştur. Dönemler arasında istatistiksel olarak yaş ve cinsiyet açısından farklılık tespit edilmemiştir (p=0,143). Ancak tekrar başvuruda bulunan hastalar arasında yatarak takip ve tedavi edilmesi gereken hasta grubunun yaşı pandemi döneminde daha yüksekti. Pandemi döneminde herhangi bir kliniğe (n=521, %16,4) veya yoğun bakım ünitesine yatış (n=56, %1,8) oranlarında yaklaşık iki kat artış oldu. Bu hastalardan 6’sı pandemi döneminde acil serviste ölümle sonlanıma sahipken normal dönemde ölümle sonlanım görülmemiştir. Sonuç: Pandemi döneminde hem genel hastane hem de acil servis başvuru sayılarında azalma olmasına rağmen acil servise tekrarlayan başvuruda bulunan hasta sayısında artış olduğu tespit edildi. Bu hasta grubunun enfekte olma korkusu nedeniyle akut gelişen problemlerini ertelemesi karşısında herhangi bir kliniğe yatış ve yoğun bakım ünitesinde takip edilme ihtiyaçlarının artığı görüldü

Examination of the Relationship between Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Values and Hearing Function in Neonates

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between the results of the transient otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) test used in neonatal hearing screening and the results of the umbilical cord blood (UCB) analysis in neonates.Methods: This retrospective study included 209 neonates born in the obstetric unit at the 37th gestational week. Based on the results of the TEOAE test, the neonates included in the study were divided into two groups as the study group composed of those “REFER” (n=141) and the control group consisting those “PASS” (n=68) the test. The UCB sampling procedure was performed on all neonates. In the blood samples, the pH parameters were evaluated by using glass electrodes, and the pCO2 and pO2 parameters were evaluated directly by using sensitive electrodes.Results: When the additional maternal diseases were compared with the TEOAE results, the ratio of hypothyroidism was found to be statistically higher in the study group (p0.05).Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the results of UCB analysis and the TEOAE test. However, we believe that conducting a larger study evaluating other parameters and employing UCB analysis would be useful, and UCB evaluation, which is an inexpensive, easy and effective method in determining hypoxia in neonates, might be a significant marker in cases at risk of hearing loss

The frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease in children with isolated transaminase elevation: results from the observational VICTORIA study

IntroductionElevated transaminases and/or creatine phosphokinase can indicate underlying muscle disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) in male children and Pompe disease (PD) in male and female children with isolated hypertransaminasemia.MethodsThis multi-center, prospective study enrolled patients aged 3–216 months with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels >2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) for ≥3 months. Patients with a known history of liver or muscle disease or physical examination findings suggestive of liver disease were excluded. Patients were screened for creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and molecular genetic tests for DMD/BMD in male patients and enzyme analysis for PD in male and female patients with elevated CPK levels were performed. Genetic analyses confirmed PD. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed.ResultsOverall, 589 patients [66.8% male, mean age of 63.4 months (standard deviation: 60.5)] were included. In total, 251 patients (188 male and 63 female) had CPK levels above the ULN. Of the patients assessed, 47% (85/182) of male patients were diagnosed with DMD/BMD and 1% (3/228) of male and female patients were diagnosed with PD. The median ALT, AST, and CPK levels were statistically significantly higher, and the questioned neurological symptoms and previously unnoticed examination findings were more common in DMD/BMD patients than those without DMD/BMD or PD (p < 0.001).DiscussionQuestioning neurological symptoms, conducting a complete physical examination, and testing for CPK levels in patients with isolated hypertransaminasemia will prevent costly and time-consuming investigations for liver diseases and will lead to the diagnosis of occult neuromuscular diseases. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT04120168

Üreme çağındaki kronik pelvik ağrısı olan kadınlarda beden imajı ve depresyon düzeylerinin belirlenmesi : vaka kontrol çalışması

Üreme Çağındaki Kronik Pelvik Ağrısı Olan Kadınlarda Beden İmajı ve Depresyon Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi: Vaka Kontrol ÇalışmasıÖzlem ALTUNTAŞÖZETAmaç: Üreme çağındaki Kronik Pelvik Ağrısı (KPA) olan kadınlarda beden imajı ve depresif belirti düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla vaka kontrol çalışması planlanmıştır.Yöntem: Çalışmanın evrenini İstanbul İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı bir Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesinin jinekoloji polikliniklerine Temuz – Ekim 2019 tarihleri arasında başvuran kadınlar oluşturmuştur. Örneklemini ise çalışmaya katılma kriterlerini karşılayan Kronik Pelvik Ağrı (KPA) tanısı almış 115 kadın ile jinekoloji polikliniklerine kontrol amacı ile başvuran 115 kadın (KG) oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları olarak Tanılama Formu, Görsel Kıyaslama Ölçeği (GKÖ), Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği (RBSÖ), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve Vücut Algısı Ölçeği (VAÖ) kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan KPA grubundaki kadınların yaş ortalaması 34,00 ± 7,6, KG’undaki 34,90± 6,96 yıl olarak bulunmuştur. KPA’lı kadınların son altı aydır yaşadıkları pelvik ağrı şiddeti GKÖ’ne göre 7,14±1,71 olarak belirlenmiştir. RBSÖ toplam puan ortalamaları KPA tanısı alan kadınlar ile (15,94±5,19) KG’undaki kadınlar (20,18±3,46) karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak aralarında ileri derecede anlamlı fark olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,000). Aynı şekilde BDÖ toplam puan ortalamaları KPA tanısı alan kadınlar (20,01±8,25) ile KG’undaki kadınlar (16,22±9,13) karşılaştırıldığında, istatistiksel olarak aralarında ileri derece anlamlı fark olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,000). Ancak VAÖ toplam puan ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında, KG’undaki kadınların VAÖ puan ortalamaları (138,10±31,98), KPA tanısı alan kadınlardan (117,97±27,13) daha yüksek bulunmuş ve aralarındaki fark istatistiksel olarak ileri derecede anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Sonuç: KPA tanısı alan kadınların KG’undaki kadınlara göre benlik saygısı ve beden imajı algılarının daha düşük, depresif belirti düzeyleri puan ortalamalarının ise daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.Anahtar sözcükler: Kronik pelvik ağrı, beden imajı, benlik saygısı, depresif belirtiler. --------------------Determination of Body Image and Depression Levels in Women with Reproductive Age Chronic Pelvic Pain: A Case Control StudyÖzlem ALTUNTAŞ1.SUMMARYObjective: A case control study was planned to determine body image and depressive symptom levels in reproductive women with chronic pelvic pain (CPP).Method: The population of the study consisted of women who applied to the gynecology outpatient clinics of a Training and Research Hospital of Istanbul Local Health Authority between July - October 2019. The sample consisted of 115 women diagnosed with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) who met the criteria for participation in the study and 115 women (CG) who applied to gynecology outpatient clinics for control purposes. Diagnostic data, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Body Cathexis Scale (BCS) were used as data collection tools.Results: The mean age of the women in CPP group was 34,00 ± 7,6 years and 34,90± 6,96 years in CG. The severity of pelvic pain according to VAS experienced by CPP group for the last six months was 7,13 ± 1,71. When the total RSE mean scores were compared with CPP group (15,94 ± 5,19) and CG (20,18 ± 3,46), it was found that there was a statistically significant difference between them (p<0,000). Similarly, when the BDI total scores were compared with CPP group (20,01 ± 8,25) and CG (16,22 ± 9,13), it was found that there was a statistically significant difference between them, as well (p<0,000). However, when the total mean scores of the BCS were compared, the BCS scores of CG (138,10 ± 31,98) were found to be higher than CPP group (117,97 ± 27,13) and the difference between them was founded statistically significant (p <0,001).Conclusion: It was determined that self-esteem and body image perceptions of CPP group were less and depressive symptom scores were higher than CG.Key words: Chronic pelvic pain, body image, self-esteem, depressive symptom

Üreme çağındaki kronik pelvik ağrısı olan kadınlarda beden imajı ve depresyon düzeylerinin belirlenmesi : vaka kontrol çalışması

Üreme Çağındaki Kronik Pelvik Ağrısı Olan Kadınlarda Beden İmajı ve Depresyon Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi: Vaka Kontrol Çalışması Özlem ALTUNTAŞ ÖZET Amaç: Üreme çağındaki Kronik Pelvik Ağrısı (KPA) olan kadınlarda beden imajı ve depresif belirti düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla vaka kontrol çalışması planlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmanın evrenini İstanbul İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı bir Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesinin jinekoloji polikliniklerine Temuz – Ekim 2019 tarihleri arasında başvuran kadınlar oluşturmuştur. Örneklemini ise çalışmaya katılma kriterlerini karşılayan Kronik Pelvik Ağrı (KPA) tanısı almış 115 kadın ile jinekoloji polikliniklerine kontrol amacı ile başvuran 115 kadın (KG) oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları olarak Tanılama Formu, Görsel Kıyaslama Ölçeği (GKÖ), Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği (RBSÖ), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve Vücut Algısı Ölçeği (VAÖ) kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan KPA grubundaki kadınların yaş ortalaması 34,00 ± 7,6, KG’undaki 34,90± 6,96 yıl olarak bulunmuştur. KPA’lı kadınların son altı aydır yaşadıkları pelvik ağrı şiddeti GKÖ’ne göre 7,14±1,71 olarak belirlenmiştir. RBSÖ toplam puan ortalamaları KPA tanısı alan kadınlar ile (15,94±5,19) KG’undaki kadınlar (20,18±3,46) karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak aralarında ileri derecede anlamlı fark olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,000). Aynı şekilde BDÖ toplam puan ortalamaları KPA tanısı alan kadınlar (20,01±8,25) ile KG’undaki kadınlar (16,22±9,13) karşılaştırıldığında, istatistiksel olarak aralarında ileri derece anlamlı fark olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,000). Ancak VAÖ toplam puan ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında, KG’undaki kadınların VAÖ puan ortalamaları (138,10±31,98), KPA tanısı alan kadınlardan (117,97±27,13) daha yüksek bulunmuş ve aralarındaki fark istatistiksel olarak ileri derecede anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Sonuç: KPA tanısı alan kadınların KG’undaki kadınlara göre benlik saygısı ve beden imajı algılarının daha düşük, depresif belirti düzeyleri puan ortalamalarının ise daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Anahtar sözcükler: Kronik pelvik ağrı, beden imajı, benlik saygısı, depresif belirtiler. -------------------- Determination of Body Image and Depression Levels in Women with Reproductive Age Chronic Pelvic Pain: A Case Control Study Özlem ALTUNTAŞ 1. SUMMARY Objective: A case control study was planned to determine body image and depressive symptom levels in reproductive women with chronic pelvic pain (CPP). Method: The population of the study consisted of women who applied to the gynecology outpatient clinics of a Training and Research Hospital of Istanbul Local Health Authority between July - October 2019. The sample consisted of 115 women diagnosed with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) who met the criteria for participation in the study and 115 women (CG) who applied to gynecology outpatient clinics for control purposes. Diagnostic data, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Body Cathexis Scale (BCS) were used as data collection tools. Results: The mean age of the women in CPP group was 34,00 ± 7,6 years and 34,90± 6,96 years in CG. The severity of pelvic pain according to VAS experienced by CPP group for the last six months was 7,13 ± 1,71. When the total RSE mean scores were compared with CPP group (15,94 ± 5,19) and CG (20,18 ± 3,46), it was found that there was a statistically significant difference between them (p<0,000). Similarly, when the BDI total scores were compared with CPP group (20,01 ± 8,25) and CG (16,22 ± 9,13), it was found that there was a statistically significant difference between them, as well (p<0,000). However, when the total mean scores of the BCS were compared, the BCS scores of CG (138,10 ± 31,98) were found to be higher than CPP group (117,97 ± 27,13) and the difference between them was founded statistically significant (p <0,001). Conclusion: It was determined that self-esteem and body image perceptions of CPP group were less and depressive symptom scores were higher than CG. Key words: Chronic pelvic pain, body image, self-esteem, depressive symptom

Seralarda çift kat plastik örtü ve ısı perdesi kullanımının domateste bitki gelişmesi ve verim üzerine etkileri

TEZ1292Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 1992.Kaynakça (s. 60-63) var.viii ,65 s. ; 30 cm.

İkili emülsiyon yöntemi kullanılarak B1 vitamininin hapsedilmesi.

The main objective of the study was to encapsulate Vitamin B1 in the inner aqueous phase of water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) type double emulsion containing hazelnut oil as oil phase and to transfer it to food products for enrichment. It was also aimed to replace the synthetic Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate (PGPR) with lecithin and to study the influence of homogenization methods on double emulsion characteristics. The expected type of emulsion, water in oil (W/O), could not be obtained by using only lecithin so lecithin-PGPR mixture at different ratios was used as hydrophilic emulsifier. It was found that addition of lecithin (1.5 g/100 g) to PGPR (1.5 g/100 g) enhanced the stability of the double emulsion. Three different homogenization methods were applied as High Speed Homogenization (HSH), Ultrasound and Microfluidization to produce primary emulsion. It was found that the homogenization methods used in the preparation of primary emulsion influenced the physiochemical characteristics of the double emulsion. The most stable double emulsion with the smallest droplet size was obtained by HSH. Vitamin B12 was used as a marker for water soluble compounds to study the encapsulation properties. It was found that higher than 96.7% of the vitamin could be entrapped by the prepared double emulsion. Considering the results, Vitamin B12 was replaced by pH sensitive Vitamin B1 and added to carrot juice. It was determined that specific structure of double emulsion could reduce vitamin loss during storage. After two days storage, in the double emulsion system vitamin loss was 12% while it was 46% when vitamin was added directly to the juice.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra