Micro- and macro economic effects of unconditional basic income and participation income:A systematic review

This paper reviews 48 studies on the micro and macro-economic effects of Unconditional Basic Income (UBI, including NIT or Negative Income Tax) and Participation Income related programs (PI). Compared to previous review studies in the field, it advances on viewing the broader (un)intended) effects on income, (mental) health, subjective wellbeing and related outcomes (trust, social participation, substance abuse, crime etc.). Given the increasing number of studies on UBI-like programmes, the review focuses on RCT field experiments and simulation studies of UBI-PI while leaving out conditional cash transfer programs (CCT) and laboratory experiments. All programmes aim at providing a guaranteed minimum income either for the population at large or for specific groups (such as unemployed). We employ a systematic review with the main purpose of bringing together and learning from the evidence on these broader effects. Our focus is on studies of the effects of the older programmes in Canada and the United States during the 1970s and 1980s and of the more recent programs in the European context from the 1990s on. Recent US/Canada studies re-estimating the found negative labor supply effects (notably for married women with children) in the original studies of the experiments, came to much lower and even insignificant estimates. The effects on reducing poverty and inequality but also on health and subjective wellbeing were however more positive. The studies on the European programmes and experiments (Finland, Spain, Netherlands) show slightly more positive but still mostly insignificant labour supply effects. More positive and significant effects were however found on subjective wellbeing, (mental) health and trust which are however less pronounced than in Canada and the US. Some welfare state lessons that can be drawn from these results are briefly discussed

The relation between maternal work hours and the cognitive development of young school-aged children

This paper analyses the relation between maternal work hours and the cognitive development of young school-going children. We find that children's language and sorting test scores are higher when their mothers have a large part-time job or even a full-time job. We find no evidence that this can be explained by a richer home environment in terms of the number of parent-child activities provided to the child

Arbeidsmarktmonitor Metalektro 2014

Met genoegen bieden de auteurs van het Researchcentrum voor Onderwijs en Arbeidsmarkt (ROA) en opdrachtgever Stichting A+O Metalektro u de Arbeidsmarktmonitor Metalektro 2014 aan. De monitor bevat analyses van de actuele en toekomstige ontwikkelingen op personeels- en arbeidsmarktgebied in de Nederlandse Metalektro. De uitkomsten van deze analyses kunnen als input dienen bij het ontwikkelen van personeels- en arbeidsmarktbeleid door metalektrobedrijven, de sociale partners en andere partijen

Arbeidsmarktmonitor Metalektro 2013

De rapportage die voor u ligt vormt het sluitstuk van een onderzoek waarbij gedurende een heel jaar op verschillende momenten gegevens zijn verzameld. De hoofdmoot van de bevindingen in de Arbeidsmarktmonitor Metalektro is gebaseerd op de uitgebreide internetvragenlijst die in 2013 aan het begin van ieder kwartaal door het werkgevers-panel is ingevuld. In elke meting zijn vragen beantwoord met betrekking tot de in- en uitstroom en vacatures. Hierop is de werkgelegenheidsbarometer gebaseerd

Burden of hip fracture using disability-adjusted life-years: a pooled analysis of prospective cohorts in the CHANCES consortium

Background No studies have estimated disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost due to hip fractures using real-life follow-up cohort data. We aimed to quantify the burden of disease due to incident hip fracture using DALYs in prospective cohorts in the CHANCES consortium, and to calculate population attributable fractions based on DALYs for specific risk factors. Methods We used data from six cohorts of participants aged 50 years or older at recruitment to calculate DALYs. We applied disability weights proposed by the National Osteoporosis Foundation and did a series of sensitivity analyses to examine the robustness of DALY estimates. We calculated population attributable fractions for smoking, body-mass index (BMI), physical activity, alcohol intake, type 2 diabetes and parity, use of hormone replacement therapy, and oral contraceptives in women. We calculated summary risk estimates across cohorts with pooled analysis and randomeffects meta-analysis methods. Findings 223 880 men and women were followed up for a mean of 13 years (SD 6). 7724 (3·5%) participants developed an incident hip fracture, of whom 413 (5·3%) died as a result. 5964 DALYs (27 per 1000 individuals) were lost due to hip fractures, 1230 (20·6%) of which were in the group aged 75–79 years. 4150 (69·6%) DALYs were attributed to disability. Current smoking was the risk factor responsible for the greatest hip fracture burden (7·5%, 95% CI 5·2–9·7) followed by physical inactivity (5·5%, 2·1–8·5), history of diabetes (2·8%, 2·1–4·0), and low to average BMI (2·0%, 1·4–2·7), whereas low alcohol consumption (0·01–2·5 g per day) and high BMI had a protective effect. Interpretation Hip fracture can lead to a substantial loss of healthy life-years in elderly people. National public health policies should be strengthened to reduce hip fracture incidence and mortality. Primary prevention measures should be strengthened to prevent falls, and reduce smoking and a sedentary lifestyle