ケイゾクテキ ジカン カンケイ ト ジュウゾクセツ ノ アスペクト

従来、時間節の事態と主節の事態が継起的である場合、q 時間節の述語動詞のアスペクト形式が同一でその形式が表すアスペクト的な意味も同じだと考えられる立場と、w「(スル)前」節と「(シタ)後」 節のアスペクト形式がスルかシタかをとり、それぞれ違うアスペクト的な意味を表し、その違いをスルとシタのアスペクト的対立と考える立場がある。本稿では、「(する)まで」節や「(し)てから」節などをも考察し、時間節のスルもシタもシテも同じく完成相形式で、そのアスペクト的な意味の違いを含め、 それぞれの時間節のアスペクトの異なったあり方は後続・先行関係や先行・後続関係などといった時間関係と関連するということを論じる。 具体的には次のような事実を指摘する。(1)後続・先行関係を表す「前(に)」複文と先行・後続関係を表す「後(で)」 複文や「(して)から」複文とで時間節の述語動詞の完成相の表すアスペクト的な意味やその他のアスペクト的な性格が異なっている。(2)「前(に)」節や 「まで」節の述語動詞の完成相が 〈終了限界達成≠ひとまとまり〉 を表す場合、無限界動詞に制限が見られ、「後(で)」節や「(して)から」節の述語動詞の完成相が 〈開始限界達成≠ひとまとまり〉 を表す場合、 多くの動詞に制限が見られる。(3) この種の制限は継起的時間関係が捉えられる他の従属節(「(しない)うち(に)」節や「するのを待つ」の「するのを」節)にも見られる。This present article intends to point out the following facts:(1) In mae (ni) clauses referring to precedence and in ato (de) clauses and (shite) kara clauses referring to subsequence, the meanings of the perfective and other aspectual features of both are different.(2)When the perfective of mae (ni) clauses and made clauses does not refer to the action as a whole, but only to its end point, atelic verbs are restricted in use, and the perfective of ato (de) clauses and (shite) kara clauses does not refer to the action as a whole, but only to its initial phase, and many verbs are restricted in use.(3)Such restrictions can be found in other complex sentences referring to sequential temporal relation

生物型纳米根管封闭剂的生物学性能研究

目的:对磷酸钙骨水泥为原料制备的生物型纳米根管封闭剂进行体外生物学性能研究,为其临床应用提供依据。方法:致敏性实验:依照GB/T16886.10-2005和GB/T16886.12-2005技术标准测定;细胞毒性实验:依照GB/T16886.5-2003技术标准,采用琼脂扩散法测定;鼠伤寒沙门氏杆菌回复突变试验(Ames试验):依照YY/T0127.10-2001技术标准测定。结果:生物型纳米根管封闭剂无致敏性,不导致染色体畸变,具有轻度细胞毒性。结论:生物型纳米根管封闭剂具有良好的生物学性能

乌蔹莓化学成分的初步探究

目的:系统性研究福建道地药材乌蔹莓的有效成分。方法:运用大孔树脂,Sephadex LH-20,ODS及正相硅胶柱等色谱手段对乌蔹莓Cayratia japonica的全草进行分离。结果:从中得到13个化合物,通过多种波谱数据分析鉴定化合物结构,确定其分别为木犀草素(1),芹菜素(2),柠檬酸三乙酯(3),吲哚-3-甲醛(4),秦皮乙素(5),邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(6),calendin(7),反式咖啡酸乙酯(8),木犀草素7-O-葡萄糖苷(9),5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-5-pentyl-2(5H)-furanone(10),3,4-二羟基苯甲酸乙酯(11),圣草酚(12),胡萝卜苷(13)。结论:其中3～8及10～12均为首次从乌蔹莓中分离得到

黔西北土法炼锌区水土流失的特点及防治对策

作者简介: 吴桂容( 1970- ) , 女, 广西贺州人, 博士研究生, 副教授, 主要从事污染生态学研究。E - mail: hzwgr510@ 163. com。通信作者: 敖子强, 博士研究生, 主要从事环境生态和污染生态学研究。E - m ai:l aoz iq iang628@ 163. com。通过对土法炼锌区的土壤、废渣、植物、地表水和沉积物进行实地调查和采样分析,发现土法炼锌区水土流失主要是由于含有SO2和重金属的废气导致植被严重破坏、土壤裸露造成的;水土流失同时导致了重金属的迁移扩散,污染土壤中重金属可溶态比重大,而废渣中重金属可溶态比重小,主要随废渣一起流失。减少土法炼锌区水土流失的主要途径是恢复植被和利用工程措施将废渣固定。对于污染土壤来说限制因子是土壤pH值低,可溶态重金属比重大,主要对策是增加土壤的pH值,选择耐酸性和耐重金属的树种恢复植被;对于废渣来说限制因子是废渣持水保肥能力差,重金属含量高,及废渣本身的结构疏松,主要对策是保持废渣的pH值不降低,利用工程措施将废渣固定,及改变土壤的结构来恢复植被;废渣和污染土壤上的先锋植物醉鱼草(Buddleja lindleyana)可作为首选来恢复植被。贵州省科学技术基金(编号:20062014);广西重点实验室研究基金(编号:桂科能0704K002

The development and in vitro experiment study of a bio-type root canal filling sealer using calcium phosphate cemen

[中文文摘]目的:以磷酸钙骨水泥为原料制备一种生物型纳米根管封闭剂,并对其理化性质、显影效果及对感染根管优势菌的体外抑菌能力进行研究。方法:根据ISO 6876:2001(E)口腔生物材料标准,测定其流动性、凝固时间和晶粒大小,测定不同显影剂比例的材料的显影效果。采用NCCLs推荐的厌氧菌药物敏感试验,用琼脂稀释法研究其对内氏放线菌、厌氧消化链球菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、牙髓卟啉单胞菌和具核梭杆菌的体外抑菌效果。应用染色渗漏法测定20颗离体牙的封闭效果,并与氧化锌丁香油糊剂进行比较。采用SPSS12.0软件包对数据进行t检验。结果:调和后的新型纳米根管封闭剂固化后的终产物为羟基磷灰石,晶粒大小为279nm,具有较好的流动性,可操作时间大于30min,凝固时间为(1.0±0.5)h(可调控)。其显影效果良好。MIC≤0.156～0.312。试验组染色渗漏深度显著小于氧化锌丁香油糊剂组(P<0.01)。结论:制备的材料符合新型纳米根管封闭剂的要求。[英文文摘]PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to develop a novel root canal filling sealers based on calcium phosphate cement (CPC), and to evaluate its physical-chemical properties and in vitro antibacterial activity on the predominant bacteria infecting root canal. METHODS: The fluidity and the setting time of the sealer were tested according to ISO 6876:2001(E) standards. The crystal size of the final product was determined. Its opacification with different composition were measured. The in vitro antibacterial property of the sealer was tested according to the Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobes recommended by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLs).The involved bacteria included Actinomyces naeslundii(A. naeslundii),Peptostreptococcus anaerobius(P anaerobius), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Porphyromonas endodpntalis (P. endodpntalis) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fnucleatum).Twenty single - rooted human extracted teeth were selected to evaluate the sealing ability using dye microleakage technology. Dye penetration was measured and the results were statistically analyzed using SPSS12.0 software package. RESULTS: The new root canal filling sealer was primarily composed of hydroxyapatite in 279nm after setting. Its liquidity was suitable, the operating time was over 30 minutes, and the controlled setting time was (1.0±0.5) hours. The opacification was acceptable. MIC≤0.156- 0.312. The dye penetration was significant different between two filling types (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The new root canal filling sealer is an ideal root canal filling sealer.厦门科技局资助厦门科技发展课题(2002-60-5

福建省人力资源管理学科发展研究报告

人力资源管理学科发展短却迅速,福建省人力资源管理学科发展也很迅猛。本研究从人力资源开发、战略人力资源管理、招聘与就业、绩效管理、薪酬管理、职业发展、员工关系管理、团队管理、跨文化管理、闽台人才交流合作等方面,对福建省人力资源管理研究者研究成果或人力资源管理研究者在福建省学习期间的研究成果进行综述。分析福建省人力资源管理学科发展的趋势,提出福建省人力资源管理学科发展的对策与建议

Proteomic Analysis of Rice Cultivar Jiafuzhan in the Responses to Xanthomonas campestris pv.oryzicola Infection

作者简介: 陈芳育(1978-) , 男, 讲师。E-mail : cfy307@ sohu. com * 通讯作者(Corresponding author) : 陈亮( 1963-) , 男, 教授, 博士生导师, 研究方向: 细胞与分子生物学。E-mail: chenlg@ xmu. edu. cn[中文文摘]运用双向电泳分析高抗水稻品种“佳辐占”受强毒力细菌性条斑病病原菌侵染2d后的叶片蛋白质组变化,共发现38个蛋白质发生差异表达,其中32个上调,5个下调,1个新增。用MALDI-TOF-MS分析和数据库检索鉴定出其中的33个差异表达蛋白质,并将它们分为4个功能类群,即信号转导相关蛋白、防卫相关蛋白、代谢相关蛋白和蛋白质稳定相关蛋白。这些蛋白分别参与了信号识别、信号传递、抗氧化、糖代谢、细胞壁加固、植保素合成等抗病生理反应。研究表明,水稻对细菌性条斑病病原菌的侵染存在着一个复杂的抗病信号应答和代谢调控网络,其作用机理可以通过差异表达的蛋白质(酶)反映出来,其中差异表达的8个R蛋白和3个PR蛋白可能与水稻对细菌性条斑病的抗病性密切相关。本研究为进一步揭示水稻对细菌性条斑病的抗性机理及相关抗病基因的功能克隆提供了依据。[英文文摘]Rice bacterial leaf streak( BLS) caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola ( Xooc) is one of the major rice diseases in South China. Here we focus on proteomics as a tool for the discovery of differentially expressed proteins closely related to the disease resistance. The leaves of rice cultivar Jiafuzhan (Oryzae sativa L. ) highly resistant to the disease, were infected by"89773-1- 1" strain of the Xooc with strong pathogenicity. Total proteins were extracted from the leaves sampled at two days after inoculation, and separated by two- dimensional electrophoresis. It was found that there were thirty- eight proteins expressed differentially, of which thirty-two were up-regulated, five down-regulated and one was "new". Of the thirty- eight responsive proteins, thirty-three were identified by MALD-I TOF-MS and database searching.Based on the predicted function, we grouped them into four clusters: signal transduction, defensive responses, substance metabolism and protein stabilization, which were involved in many resistant physiological react ions, including signal recognition and transduction, antioxidant react ion, carbonhydrate metabolism, cel-l wall reinforcement and phytoalexin biosythesis. In turn a complex signal transduct ion and metabolic regulative network in the resistant responses to the infection of Xooc was outlined in this work, and the molecular mechanism was revealed by differentially expressed protein/enzyme patterns during Xooc infection. In this study, eight R proteins and three pathogenesis- related(PR) proteins which might relate closely to the disease-resistance were found. This result provides us the basic information to further reveal the resistant mechanism and conduct functional cloning of the resistan-t related genes in rice to BLS.生物农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室( 福建农林大学) 开放课题基金项目( KF0411

Some biometeorological features of wheat field in the ecological conditions of oasis at the Heihe Region

观测分析了 HEIFE地区绿洲中麦田的一些微气候特征 ,结果表明 SPAC中水势随高度呈显著梯度分布 ,在土壤 -植物以及植物 -大气界面 ,水势值存在两个大的跳跃 ;水势廓线存在明显的日变化 ;SPAC各部分水势变化的起伏顺序是大气 >植物 >土壤 ,说明水势变化受植物水分代谢进程直至气象因子的强烈影响和控制。冠层上方近地面风温湿的时空剖面显示出白天与夜晚相比 ,大气混合得较好 ;日出前则大气较为稳定 ;在典型晴天条件下 ,麦田上方的大气存在内边界。其结构受来自沙漠干热风的影响和控制。冠层内部也存在着温度、湿度、CO2 浓度、PAR、蒸腾作用、光合作用、气孔导度和叶温的垂直梯度 ,其廓线的日变化主要受太阳辐射的强烈控制 ,同时也受冠层内部不同层面叶片水分代谢强弱以及土壤状况的影响 ,其温湿廓线表现出与冠层上方不同的变化模式。 【英文摘要】 We observed and analysed some characteristics of biometeorology over and within canopy in spring wheat field in the ecological conditions of oasis during HEIFE program.Water potential in SPAC appeared a well vertical profile and the profile showed an obvious diurnal variation.There were water potential jumps in the SPAC junction boundaries.Sequence of variation intensity for water potential in each part of the SPAC was atmosphere,plant and soil.It is shown that the water potential was influenced and control...中国科学院资助;; 国家自然科学基金!( No.94 870 0 4 );; 日本文部省资助!( No.0 2 0 4 1 0 4 3

Some characteristics of energy exchange at the underlying surface of desert and oasis in Hexi Corridor

在河西走廊黑河地区沙漠和绿洲下垫面生态条件下,用涡旋相关法研究了能量输送的不同模式和日变化进程;以及两种生态条件下能量输送间可能存在的相互关系。在沙漠生态条件下,大部分净辐射用于显热散失,另一部分用于向地下传输,较少部分则用于潜热输送,其方向在白天向下,在夜间向上;其Bowen比为13.16。在绿洲的麦田生态条件下,能量输送的基本模式为:大部分净辐射用于潜热散失,其输送方向与沙漠相反,另一部分用于显热散失,其输送方向一般在午后约3h即由上传转为下传。土壤热通量在最大时一般不超过40W/m2。冠层光合作用固定的能量则更小,其数量级维持在10W/m2以下,小麦不同生长阶段各能量分量占净辐射的比例有所变化。麦田的Bowen比从分蘖期的0.33降到拔节期末的0.095。当有干热大风自沙漠吹向绿洲时观测了典型的绿洲效应,其能量输送模式发生很大变化,显热显著下传,地热流量减弱,潜热散失强烈,起风后约2h潜热甚至高于净辐射。表明沙漠的能量组分参与了麦田的能量平衡过程。 【英文摘要】 With eddy correlation,we studied the pattern and dinurnal variation course of energy transfer for the underlying surface of desert and wheat field in oasis and their possible relationship between two ecological conditions at Heihe River region in Hexi Corridor during the HEIFE project.In the desert,the most net radiation( Rn )was consumed by sensible heat( H )transfer,another part of Rn conducted into desert surface,and a small part of Rn was dissipated by latent heat( LE ) transfer on a fine ...中国科学院资助项目;;国家自然科学基金;;日本文部省资助项

Enzyme from engineering strain and application in 1, 3-propanediol coupling-enzymatic catalysis

第一作者简介：彭益强（1973—），男，博士研究生。联系人：方柏 山，教授，博导，从事生物化工研究。E-mail [email protected]。[中文摘要]培养定向进化后的质粒保藏菌E.coli BL21(DE3)pLysS/PET-15b-dhaT’-24并进行质粒抽提,将抽提的质粒转化入感受态宿主细胞E.coli BL21(DE3)pLysS中得产1,3-丙二醇氧化还原酶的工程菌。工程菌经乳糖诱导后进行发酵培养获得酶活为182 U/mL的1,3-丙二醇氧化还原酶,最适反应pH值为10,pH值稳定范围为7.0～9.0,最适反应温度为55℃,温度稳定范围为30～45℃。利用工程菌产的1,3-丙二醇氧化还原酶进行转化3-羟基丙醛为1,3-丙二醇的反应,同时偶联甘油脱氢酶(由另一工程菌制备)转化甘油的反应进行辅酶NADH的再生,实现了1,3-丙二醇的双酶耦合的连续反应。由于来源于工程菌的双酶酶学性质相适应,反应连续进行34 h后,底物3-羟基丙醛的转化率达63.4%,产物1,3-丙二醇的产率达64.6%。 [英文摘要]Engineering strain was acquired by transforming directly evolved plasmid from the incubated conservation bacterium E. coli BL21（DE3）pLysS/PET-15b-dhaT’-24 to the host cell E. coli BL21（DE3）pLysS. The lactose induced engineering strain was fermented to acquire 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase（PDOR）with 182 U/mL activity. The optimal reaction pH was 10 and the pH stabile range was 7.0—9.0. The optimal reaction temperature was 55 ℃ and stabile temperature range was 30 — 45 ℃ . 3-Hydroxypropionaldehyde （ 3-HPA ） was catalysed by the PDOR to produce 1,3-propanediol（1,3-PD）. The reaction was coupled with another reaction of glycerol dehydrogenase （GDH，acquired from another engineering strain）to realize NADH regeneration. Thus，1,3-PD coupling enzymatic catalysis was constructed. Due to the two enzymes from engineering strains showed suitable characteristics，the reaction was continued for 34 hours and 63.4% translation rate of 3-HPA，64.6% 1,3-PD production rate were acquired.国家863计划子课题(2006AA020103)，国家自然科学基金资助项目(20676048