Screening of Gongshisong's Active Sites for Anti-sports Fatigue

目的:筛选公石松抗运动性疲劳的活性部位。方法:用80%乙醇提取制备公石松浸膏,用水分散后依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取,得各部位提取物。将70只小鼠随机分为空白对照(1%羧甲基纤维素钠,CMC-Na)组、阳性对照[大株红景天胶囊,590 mg/(kg·d)]组和公石松石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇提取物组及水层组(分别记为TS、TL、TY、TZ、TW组),公石松提取物组小鼠均按2.5 g(生药)/(kg·d)ig给药,连续7 d,测定小鼠负重游泳力竭时间。将70只小鼠按上述方法分组给药,测定小鼠体内肝糖原、肌糖原含量和肝脏系数。将80只小鼠除按上述方法分组给药外增设模型(1%CMC-Na溶液)组,不负重游泳90 min后测定小鼠血清中乳酸、肌酸激酶及尿素氮含量。结果:与空白对照组比较,TS、TY、TZ组小鼠负重游泳力竭时间延长,TY、TZ、TW组小鼠体内肝糖原含量增加,TS、TW组小鼠体内肌糖原含量增加,模型组小鼠血清中尿素氮、乳酸、肌酸激酶含量增加(P<0.05或P<0.01);与模型组比较,TS、TY组小鼠血清中尿素氮含量减少,TZ组及TW组小鼠血清中乳酸含量减少,TS组小鼠血清中肌酸激酶含量减少(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:公石松的石油醚、正丁醇部位和水层具有较好的抗疲劳活性。OBJECTIVE:To screen Gongshisong's active sites for anti-sports fatigue. METHODS:Gongshisong extract was prepared with 80% ethanol extraction technology,and extracted with petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate and n-butyl alcohol after dispersed with water to obtain the extract. 70 mice were randomly divided into blank control group(1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose,CMC-Na),positive control group [Rhodiola wallichiana capsules,590 mg/(kg·d)],petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate and n-butyl alcohol extracts and aqueous layer of Gongshisong groups(TS,TL,TY,TZ,TW groups). Gongshisong extracts groups was given relevant medicine 2.5 g(crude drug)/(kg·d),ig,for consecutive 7 days. Exhaustion time of burden swimming test was detected. 70 mice were grouped according to above method,and the contents of liver glycogen,muscle glycogen and the coefficient of liver were tested in mice. 80 mice were grouped according to above method,and model group was established additionally(1% CMC-Na). The contents of lactic acid(LA),creatine kinase(CK)and urea nitrogen(BUN)in serum of mice were determined after 90 minutes of unburden swimming. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,exhaustion time of burden swimming mice in TS,TY and TZ groups prolonged;the content of liver glycogen increased in TY,TZ and TW groups;the content of muscle glycogen increased in TS and TW groups;the contents of BUN,LA and CK in mice increased in model group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model group,the serum content of BUN in mice decreased in TS and TY groups;that of LA in mice decreased in TZ and TW groups;that of CK in mice decreased in TS group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS:The petroleum ether and n-butanol extract site and water layer of Gongshisong are good anti-fatigue active sites.解放军第175医院青年苗圃基金资助项目(No.13Y017

重量-压强法在大输液配制系统定容中的应用

目的建立医院大输液制剂配制系统定容方法。方法拟定纯化水体积与定容参数的相关性,测定输液的相对密度,计算配制量输液等同于同重量纯化水的体积,计算理论定容参数。结果采用重量-压强法能准确对医院大输液制剂配制系统进行定容。结论该方法操作简便,迅速,可用于大输液系统定容

Analysis on 6 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Ammonium Chloride and Licoricl Oral Solution

目的：探讨氯化铵甘草口服溶液不良反应的特点,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法：对本院2014年1月-2016年3月上报的6例氯化铵甘草口服溶液不良反应监测报告进行回顾性分析,对6例患者的年龄、性别、原患疾病,药物使用情况,ADR发生时间、临床表现、治疗与转归,ADR的类型与关联性评价等项目进行统计分析。结果：氯化铵甘草口服溶液不良反应多发生于老年患者;发生时间主要在用药8h内;以累及系统呼吸系统和皮肤为主;6例患者均痊愈,未出现后遗症或导致死亡。6例ADR中一般的ADR 2例,新的一般的ADR 2例,新的严重ADR 2例;关联性评价为可能4例,很可能2例。结论：临床上应重视氯化铵甘草口服溶液的不良反应,应密切观察患者,保证用药安全。Objective： To explore the characteristics of the adverse drug reactions （ADRs） induced by ammonium chloride and licoricl oral solution, to provide the reference for clinical safe medication and prevent adverse reaction. Methods：Restrospectively analysis were used on the ADRs reports of 6 cases of ammonium chloride and licoricl oral solution form January 2014 to March 2016 in our hospital. The application of drug, the age and gender distribution of patients ,occurrence time of ADRs, clinical manifestations ; treatment and outcome ; types and relevance evaluation of ADRs were analyzed respectively. Results：ADRs were mostly happened in the senile patients 8h after the medication. The clinical manifestations were respiratory and skins. 6 patients were all recovered, no occurrence sequel or lead to death. There were 4 cases of new ADR ,4 cases of commom ADR and 2 cases of severe ADR, 4 cases of possible relevance and 2 cases of probale relevance. Conclusion：The ADRs caused by ammonium chloride and licoricl oral solution should be pay more attention to, observed the changes closely to ensure clinical safe mediation

Anti-demodecidosis activity and skin safety ofJatropha curcas.1 leaves extract in vitro

目的 探讨麻风树叶治疗蠕形螨病的应用价值。方法 用80%乙醇热回流提取法提取麻风树叶提取液。取蠕形螨感染者面部皮脂,分离并鉴定蠕形螨备用。设不同浓度麻风树叶实验组、2%浓度的甲硝唑对照组和生理盐水对照组,进行体外抗螨实验。pH仪测定不同浓度麻风树叶提取物pH值。设麻风树叶实验组和75%乙醇对照组,用健康家兔进行皮肤刺激实验和急性皮肤毒性实验。结果 50、25、12 mg/ml麻风树叶组与2%甲硝唑组毛囊蠕形螨死亡时间分别为（1.55±0.67）min、（1.61±0.67）min、（2.47±0.80）min和（1.20±0.48）min。50、25 mg/ml麻风树叶组以及2%甲硝唑组两两之间差异无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）。50、25、12 mg/ml麻风树叶提取液pH值分别为6.07±0.73、6.27±0.82、6.35±0.83,对家兔完整皮肤及破损皮肤刺激评分均为0,且无明显毒性。结论 麻风树叶提取物具有较强的体外抗蠕形螨活性且具有皮肤安全性。Objective To test the application value of the extract of Jatropha curcas.l leaves in treatment of demodecidosis. Methods Jatropha curcas.1 leaves were extracted with 80% ethanol by using heat reflux method. Facial sebum specimen from demodecidosis-infected patients were used to isolate and identify demodecidosis. Different concentration groups of Jatropha curcas.l leaves, 2% metronidazole control group and physiological saline control group were defined. The anti-demodecidosis experiment was performed in vitro. The pH value of different concentrations of Jatropha curcas.l leaves extract was determined. Skin irritation test and acute skin toxicity test were carried out in healthy rabbits, and Jatropha curcas.1 leaves and 75% ethanol served as experiment and control groups, respectivelyl Results The mite-killing time was （1.55-4-0.67） min with 50 mg/ml Jatropha curcas.l leaves extract, （1.61-4-0.67） min with 25 mg/ml Jatropha curcas.l leaves extract, （2.47-4-0.80） min with 12 mg/ml Jatropha curcas.l leaves extract, and （1.20-4-0.48） min with 2% metronidazole. There was no significant different between 50, 25 mg/ml Jatropha curcas.l leaves extract groups and 2% metronidazole group （P 〉 0.05）. The pH value was 6.07＋0.73 of 50 mg/ml Jatropha curcas.l leaves extract, 6.27-1-0.82 of 25 mg/ml Jatropha curcas.l leaves extract and 6.35-4-0.83 of 12 mg/ml Jatropha curcas.1 leaves extract. Score for irritation to normal and wounded rabbit skin was both 0, and acute toxicity test showed no significant toxicity. Conclusions Jatropha curcas.l leaves extract shows a remarkable activity to demodecidosis with skin safety in vitro.漳州市自然科学基金（ZZ2014J33

临床药师干预肿瘤患者药物治疗的效果分析

目的探讨临床药师参与药物治疗的有效方法。方法对2012年解放军第175医院临床药师干预肿瘤患者用药医嘱的192条内容及效果进行分析。结果低学历、低年资医师对用药建议的采纳率最高,证据充分的用药建议和医嘱问题明显的用药干预易被采纳,非专科用药的干预也较易成功。结论临床药师可通过关注低年资、低学历医师的用药医嘱,重点干预问题明显的医嘱和非专科用药医嘱,并以此形成临床药师的工作模式

Effects of Hemocoagulase Agkistrodon for Hemostasis in Surgical Tresis Vulnus: A Meta-analysis

目的:评价尖吻蝮蛇血凝酶(HCA)对手术创口的止血效果。方法:计算机检索Pub MEd、CbM、中国知网、维普和万方等数据库,收集采用HCA治疗手术创口出血的临床随机对照试验(rCT),并追溯纳入研究的参考文献。由2位评价者按照纳入排除标准独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价质量后,采用rEV MAn 5.2软件进行META分析。结果:纳14篇文献,共1 382个患者。META分析结果显示:与对照组比较,HCA可明显减少患者手术切口创面出血量[Md=-1.67,95%CI(-2.04,-1.30),P<0.000 1],减少术后引流量[Md=-19.10,95%CI(-25.96,-12.25),P<0.000 01],减少切口单位面积出血量[Md=-0.05,95%CI(-0.08,-0.03),P<0.000 01],缩短止血时间[Md=-50.67,95%CI(-74.85,-26.49),P<0.000 1]。结论:术前给予尖吻蝮蛇血凝酶能明显减少手术患者切口创面出血量、术后引流量和切口单位面积出血量,并缩短止血时间,但本研究仍有局限性,需大样本、多中心、随机对照临床试验进一步证实。Objective: To review the effects of hemocoagulase agkistrodon( HCA) for hemostasis in surgical tresis vulnus.Methods: Databases including Pub Med,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang were searched electronically to collect literature published.Randomized controlled trials( RCTs) were identified about HCA for hemostasis in surgical tresis vulnus.References of the included studies were also retrieved.Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted data,and assess the quality of the included studies.Then Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.2 software.Results: Fourteen trials involved 1 382 patients were included.The results of Metaanalysis indicated that,using HCA for hemorrhagic volume in surgical tresis vulnus[MD =- 1.67,95% CI(- 2.04,- 1.30),P < 0.000 1 ],drainage volume after the operation[MD =- 19.10,95% CI(- 25.96,- 12.25),P <0.000 01],hemorrhagic volume per square unit[MD =- 0.05,95% CI(- 0.08,- 0.03),P < 0.000 01] significantly decreased in comprison with blank control,hemostatic time[MD =- 50.67,95% CI(- 74.85,- 26.49),P < 0.000 1]were significantly shorten with blank control.Conclusion: HCA administered preoperatively could significant reduce the hemorrhagic volume,drainage volume after the operation,hemorrhagic volume per square unit and shorten hemostatic time compared with blank control in surgical patients.However,due to limitations of the included studies,the clinical effects need to be confirmed by large multicenter randomized controlled trials

镰形棘豆黄酮类化合物对紫外线辐射引起的角质形成细胞损伤的保护作用

目的探讨镰形棘豆黄酮类化合物对中波紫外线照射所致人角质形成细胞损伤的保护作用。方法体外培养人角质形成细胞系,以60、90、120 mJ/cm2中波紫外线照射,加入镰形棘豆黄酮类化合物进行干预处理,倒置相差显微镜观察细胞受损程度,以MTT法检测细胞增殖活性,ELISA检测上清液TNF-α、IL-10分泌量,实时荧光定量PCR检测TNF-αmRNA、IL-10 mRNA表达。结果中波紫外线照射后,细胞形态受损,随着照射剂量增加,细胞增殖活性下降,损伤程度加重,TNF-α、IL-10分泌量增加,TNF-αmRNA、IL-10 mRNA表达水平增加。加入镰形棘豆黄酮类化合物干预后,细胞活性有所恢复,TNF-α、IL-10分泌量降低,TNF-αmRNA、IL-10 mRNA表达水平下调,具有显著性差异。结论镰形棘豆黄酮类化合物具有一定的光保护作用,抑制炎症细胞因子分泌可能是其减轻紫外线辐射损伤的机制之一

Association between Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Lower Extremity Atherosclerotic Disease

目的:研究汉族人群中亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase,MTHFR)基因多态性与下肢动脉粥样硬化(lower extremity atherosclerotic disease,LEAD)的相关性。方法:收集福建省闽南地区384例(LEAD者224例,健康者160例)的临床资料及外周血;LEAD检查采用踝肱指数(ABI)、趾肱指数(TBI)、多普勒彩超和其他影像学检查等手段;选取MTHFR基因rs1801133、rs1801131、rs2274976、rs4846048、rs3737966、rs1537515、rs4846049、rs3834044、rs13306561和rs3737964等10个单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNP)位点进行基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱分析技术(matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight,MALDI-TOF)的基因分型。结果:10个SNP位点均符合HardyWeinberg平衡;rs4846048与rs3737966等37个位点之间存在明显连锁不平衡现像(D'均大于0.9);MTHFR基因GCCTCGGAAT单倍型在LEAD和正常组的分布差异有统计学意义(P=0.02);等位基因频率的χ~2检验显示rs1801131(OR=1.287);rs4846048(OR=1.844,P=0.02);rs3737966(OR=1.339);rs4846049(OR=1.314)和rs3737964(OR=1.522);且rs4846048位点的趋势χ~2检验(cochran-armitage trend test,TREND)、显性基因检验(Dominant gene action test,DOM)均显示LEAD与正常组之间分布频率的差异有统计学意义(P 0. 9) and so on. There were significant differences( P = 0. 02) in GCCTCGGAAT haplotypes of MTHFR gene groups between LEAD cases and the normal groups. The results from chi-square test of allele frequencies suggested rs1801131( OR = 1. 287),rs4846048( OR = 1. 844,P = 0. 02),rs3737966( OR =1. 339),rs4846049( OR = 1. 314) and rs3737964( OR = 1. 522). Significant differences( P < 0. 05) were observed between LEAD and the normal groups in Cochran- Armitage trend test and Dominant gene action test of rs4846048. Conclusion: The SNP of rs1801131,rs4846048,rs3737966,rs4846049 and rs3737964 might be associated with the susceptibility of LEAD,and rs4846048 gene mutation might serve as a risk factor for LEAD in the community-based population.2013年度南京军区医学科技创新课题(编号:MS098);; 解放军第175医院青年苗圃基金项目(编号:13Y015

我院开展治疗药物监测的实践与思考

目的讨论开展治疗药物监测(TdM)的临床意义,查找存在不足,并思考解决问题的对策。方法全面总结回顾该院TdM工作开展的基础、主要内容、药学服务举措及教学与科研创新成果,并结合临床实际,探讨今后开展工作的新思路。结果TdM工作中遇到的问题主要是医务人员利用TdM手段实施个体化给药的意识还不够强,医药团队协作能力有待提高。结论应通过加大TdM宣传力度,以TdM为切入口,加强与临床的密切配合与协作,配备更多高素质的临床药师,并通过与药物基因组学的结合,进一步提高治疗药物监测的工作质量

The protective effects of compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall on acute hepatic injury in mice

目的观察复方风柜斗草对四氯化碳(CCl4)引起的小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法将小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、复方风柜斗草低剂量组(2.2 g/kg)、中剂量组(4.4 g/kg)、高剂量组(8.8 g/kg)和联苯双酯阳性对照组(0.2g/kg)。空白组与模型组给予1%羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-nA)水溶液,其他组给予相应的药物,1次/d,连续灌胃给药10 d后,除正常组外,腹腔注射CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤。检测肝组织中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOd)及血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(AlT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的活性,同时检测血清中总胆红素(T-bIl)、直接胆红素(d-bIl)及肝组织中丙二醛(MdA)的水平,并计算肝脏指数。结果预先给予复方风柜斗草能显著降低急性肝损伤小鼠体内T-bIl、d-bIl、AlT、AST和MdA的水平,并升高肝组织中SOd活力。结论复方风柜斗草对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与其所具有的抗脂质过氧化和清除体内过多氧自由基的作用有关。Objective To observe the protective effects of compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall against tetrachloride( CCl4)-induced acute hepatic injury in mice.Methods The mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group,low dose compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall group( 2.2 g / kg),medium dose group( 4.4 g / kg),high dose group( 8.8 g / kg),and positive control( biphenyldicarboxylate) groups( 0.2 g / kg).The mice were ig pretreated with compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall and biphenyldicarboxylate once daily for consecutive 10 d,respectively.The mice in the normal and model groups were given 0.1% CMCNa,the water-solution instead.Then,acute liver injury in mice was induced by ip injection of CCl4.The activities of serum ALT and AST,hepatic SOD,and the level of serum T-BIL and D-BIL,hepatic MDA were also determined,the hepatic indices were calculated.Results The activities of ALT and AST,the level of T-BIL,D-BIL and MDA were significantly decreased by compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall pretreatment,while activity of SOD in hepatic tissues was markedly increased.Conclusion Compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall has protective effects against CCl4-induced acute hepatic injury in mice,and the mechanisms might be associated with its anti-oxidative and scavenging free radical activity