The study of several kinds of nano materials as gene and drug carriers

本论文旨在研究明胶-硅氧烷、金纳米棒复合水凝胶和介孔二氧化硅三种纳米材料作为基因载体和药物载体的生物学效应。 本论文工作主要分为以下三个方面： 1.将单一多肽（Tat、HA2、R8）和两种多肽（Tat和HA2或者Tat和R8）修饰到明胶-硅氧烷纳米粒子（GSNPs）表面，系统研究不同多肽修饰的GSNPs对转染基因的包裹和保护、细胞活性、细胞内化、细胞内逃逸溶酶体效率和负载基因的基因转染效率等方面的区别，从而探讨不同多肽修饰的负载基因的GSNPs在细胞内转运的路径。 2.通过双光照射释药（808nm激光刺激释放包载在水凝胶中的药物，680nmLED灯光发挥酞菁的光动力作用）的方法考察了包载...This thesis was aimed to investigate the biological effect of gelatin-siloxane nanoparticles, Aurod@pNIPAAm-PEGMA nanogels, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as gene and drug carriers. The following three aspects were discussed in this thesis: 1.Construct single peptide (Tat, HA2, R8) or two peptides (Tat/HA2 or Tat/R8) modified gelatin-siloxane nanoparticles, and compare the ability of gen...学位：理学硕士院系专业：材料学院生物材料系_☆生物医学工程学号：3142009115008

开放经济条件下我国企业集团化经营探析

分析了入世后全面经济开放给中国企业带来的影响 ,指出实现企业集团化经营是开放经济条件下企业的必然选择 ,剖析了目前我国企业集团化经营中的存在的问题 ,并针对这些问题提出了改进的建

Novel MFL method for pipeline crack no blind spot detection using composite excitation

管道是石油和天然气工业的重要组成部分,而轴向裂纹是管道安全运营的重要隐患。传统的漏磁检测技术(MFL)对管道中轴向裂纹的检测灵敏度不高,从而形成检测盲区。本文提出了一种利用复合激励的MFL检测新方法,可实现对轴向和周向缺陷的同步检测。首先,利用U型磁轭对管壁进行交直流复合磁化;直流磁化场直接作用于周向裂纹并形成有效的MFL检测信号,而交流磁化场则在管壁内形成垂直于磁化方向的均匀涡流场;当该涡流场受到轴向裂纹干扰时,将形成二次感生磁场的扰动,因此,新方法通过对管壁表面的漏磁场及二次感生磁场检测,同时获得周向和轴向两个方向的探测能力;最后开展仿真和实验,并分析了新方法中作用于轴向和周向裂纹的磁化场、涡流场和二次感生磁场的分布。结果表明,新方法只需通过一次扫描,即可以获得缺陷的轴向和周向特征,实现了对裂纹的无盲点检测。Pipelines are the critical components in oil and gas industry,axial cracks caused by stress corrosion and fatigue damage are the hidden danger of pipeline safe operation. The conventional magnetic flux leakage( MFL) detection technique is inadequate for accurately detecting the narrow axial crack in pipeline and forms detection blind region. In this paper,a new MFL detection method capable of simultaneously detecting both axial and circumferential defects is proposed utilizing DC-AC composite excitation. Firstly,the measured pipe wall is magnetized by DC-AC compound magnetic field using a U-shaped yoke. The DC magnetic field is directly acted on the circumferential crack and generates effective MFL detection signal. The AC magnetic field generates a uniform eddy current field perpendicular to the magnetization direction inside the pipe wall. When the eddy current field is disturbed by the axial crack,a secondary induced magnetic field is generated. Through detecting the surface magnetic flux leakage and secondary induced magnetic field,the new method can obtain the axial and circumferential crack detection capability simultaneously. Both simulations and experiments were conducted,the distributions of the magnetizing field,eddy current field and secondary induced magnetic field acting on the axial and circumferential cracks were analyzed. The results show that the proposed new method can detect both axial and circumferential cracks effectively with one pass scanning,the pipeline crack no blind spot detection is achieved.国家自然科学基金(51177141,51677158);; 航空基金(2012ZD68003)项目资

一种利用顶点位形描述的任意正交折线线圈阻抗解析建模新方法

本文利用顶点位形描述方法,建立了任意正交折线线圈阻抗的封闭模型.首先,利用二阶矢量位公式对一个线形矩形线圈的电磁场分布进行描述,并推导了该矩形线圈的标量势表达式,其包含有一个利用矩形四个顶点的位置因子和角形因子进行描述的积分项;其次,证明了角形因子的两个重要性质,并利用该性质将矩形线圈的标量势表达式推广到任意正交折线线圈的情况;最后,建立了任意正交折线线圈阻抗的解析表达式,并以矩形螺线线圈为例进行了阻抗计算,并将计算结果与实验测量值进行了对比.结果表明,计算值与测量值之间有较好的吻合度.相对于现有的矩形描述法,本文所提方法在简化建模过程及提高建模速度方面具有明显优势.国家自然科学基金(No.51677158

New NDT method for ferromagnetic materials based on differential permeability

利用微分磁导率变化特性,提出了一种可对材料的宏观缺陷进行快速扫查的无损检测新方法。首先,将铁磁性材料置于偏置磁化场环境下,缺陷将导致内部磁通的畸; 变;其次,磁通畸变进一步体现在材料表面微分磁导率分布的差异性;再次,通过特殊设计的微分磁导率检测探头,对材料表面微分磁导率的分布进行扫查;最后,; 由磁导率分布差异获得材料内部的不连续性信息,从而实现对缺陷的无损检测。开展了系列验证实验,结果表明,相对于传统的漏磁检测方法,新方法具有磁化强度; 低、磁通泄漏少、检测信号稳定的特点。新方法正、反面缺陷探测信号存在差异,在缺陷深度识别方面亦存在优势。A new non-destructive testing method is proposed to fast scan and detect; the macroscopic defects of materials using the variation characteristics; of the differential permeability of ferromagnetic materials. Firstly,the; ferromagnetic material,such as steel plate,is placed under the bias; magnetic field,and the defects in the material will inevitably lead to; the distortion of its internal magnetic flux. Secondly,the magnetic flux; distortion is further reflected in the difference of the differential; permeability distribution on the surface of the tested material.; Thirdly,using a specially designed probe,the distribution of; differential permeability on the surface of tested material is rapidly; scanned. Finally,from the difference of the differential permeability; distribution,the discontinuity information in the material can be; obtained,so as to realize the nondestructive testing of macroscopic; defects. Series of experiments were carried out,and the results show; that,compared with traditional magnetic flux leakage method,the new; method has the advantages of low magnetic intensity,less flux leakage; and stable detection signals. Moreover,the detection signals for the; front-side and back-side defects have obviously different distribution; characteristics,and the method also has obvious advantages in the field; of defect depth identification.国家自然科学基金; 福建省科技计划重大专

苦菜不同部位提取物的抗氧化活性

分别用水、乙醇(体积分数分别为25%、50%、75%)和无水乙醇,对苦菜的根、茎、叶、花4个部位进行冷浸提取。测定不同处理条件下的提取率,并用DPPH自由基清除法检测提取物的抗氧化活性;测定提取物的总黄酮和总多酚类物质的含量及其EC50。结果表明:用50%乙醇提取的苦菜各部位提取率最高,不同部位不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性均呈明显的剂量关系;提取物的抗氧化活性与其中总黄酮和总多酚的含量有关;不同部位的抗氧化能力大小为:花>叶>茎>根

深海产低温碱性淀粉酶菌Halomonas sp.W7的筛选及发酵条件研究

从27份深海沉积物中筛选到30株产淀粉酶细菌,并对其中的W7菌株的产酶条件及酶学性质进行了研究。对W7菌株进行16SrDNA序列分析表明该菌株属于盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)。其最适生长温度为25℃,能适应pH值7～13和盐度0～100的环境条件。该菌株可利用多种碳源,但只在淀粉存在的条件下产酶,可利用有机氮源和无机氮源,但有机氮源更能促进淀粉酶的产生。产酶的最适条件为:25℃,pH10,接种量2%,盐度50,150r/min摇床培养36～48h。粗酶液的最适作用温度为40℃,最适pH值为10。该菌具有反硝化和氨化活性

塔玛亚历山大藻对卤虫干重及能值的影响

研究了有毒赤潮藻塔玛亚历山大藻Alexandrium tamarense对甲壳动物卤虫的干重及能值的影响。实验表明,经过18h的染毒实验,7 500尾卤虫Artemia parthenogenetica在水体中有塔玛亚历山大藻细胞或过滤液(细胞密度均为200cells.ml-1)存在的情况下,其总干重及总能值的增加明显受到抑制。卤虫总干重,对照组增加0.010 4g,而滤液组和藻细胞组均增加了0.002 2g,仅为对照组的21.1%;卤虫总能值,对照组增加0.143 5kJ,而滤液组和藻细胞组则分别增加0.018 0kJ和0.056 8kJ,分别为对照组的39.5%和12.5%。经SAS软件分析,塔玛亚历山大藻细胞对卤虫总干重的影响与对照组比较有显著性差异(p=0.037 0),而对其总能值增加则无显著差异(p=0.1251);而塔玛亚历山大藻过滤液对卤虫的总干重、总能值的增加与对照组都有显著性差异(p分别为0.021 5和0.013 5)。另外,无论是藻细胞或是过滤液对卤虫的比能值均无影响。有毒塔玛亚历山大藻使卤虫总干重减少可影响其他相关海洋动物的食物供给,而对卤虫能值的影响则表明毒藻可改变食物链中能量的传递效率,从而影响处于较高营养层的生物。研究还显示该藻的不利影响可出现在赤潮发生期及消退期,这为全面了解赤潮危害提供新的视角

Culture medium optimization for algicidal strain Y35 and preparation of algicidal bacterial agents

塔玛亚历山大藻是一种有毒甲藻,常引发赤潮,严重威胁海洋生态的稳定和人类的健康,细菌Deinococcus sp.Y35表现出对塔玛亚历山大藻的杀藻能力,为促进菌株生长、提高杀藻效果并方便保存,对菌株Y35培养条件进行优化,并制备杀藻菌剂.分别确定菌株Y35生长所需的最适氮源、碳源、无机盐,并确定其最适添加量,在优化的基础上完成冻干菌剂的制备和最适冻干保护剂的选择.菌株Y35生长的最适培养基成分是1.0%胰蛋白胨和0.5%酵母粉.在优化的培养基基础上对菌株Y35进行发酵,培养至对数期后进行冷冻干燥,制备杀藻菌剂.菌株Y35需要添加1.0 g/L的蔗糖作为冻干保护剂.杀藻菌剂的杀藻添加量为2.0 mg/m L.本研究可为下一步将细菌应用于赤潮治理奠定基础.Alexandrium tamarense is a toxic dinoflagellate,which causes harmful algal blooms(HABs),posing a serious threat on marine ecology and human health.Deinococcus sp.Y35 shows algicidal activity on A.tamarense.This research aimed to optimize its culture medium and improve the preparation of bacterial agents.We determined the optimum nitrogen source,carbon source and inorganic salts of strain Y35,then decided the optimum adding amount,prepared the freeze drying bacterial agents,and chose the optimum freeze-drying protective agent.The optimum culture medium composition of strain Y35 was found to be 1% tryptone and 0.5% yeast extracts.We needed to add 1.0 g/L sucrose as a protective agent for bacterial culture of strain Y35 before freeze-drying.The optimum amount of algicidal agent was 2.0 mg/m L.The optimization of culture conditions could ensure the bacterial growth and algicidal activity.The results of this research provide some foundation for HABs control in the future.国家自然科学基金项目(41576109,31500095);; 河南师范大学博士科研启动基金(5101049170160)资助~

虾池沉积环境中若干功能菌及弧菌的时空变化

2003年10月～2004年5月在泉州东海一新建虾池与一池龄15年的老旧虾池,采用平板计数方法研究底泥环境中可培养异养菌(HB) 、淀粉降解菌(AB) 、有机磷降解菌OPB) 、无机磷溶解菌( INP) 、几丁质降解菌(CB) 、油脂降解菌(LB) 、纤维素降解菌(CLB) 、硫氧化细菌( SOB)等各种功能菌以及弧菌(VB)数量的变化情况,并对它们与可培养异养菌之间的相关关系进行了探讨. 结果表明,在整个养殖期中,新池泥样中可培养异养菌总数范围在1. 95 ×104 ～7. 7 ×105CFU /g之间, 旧池泥样中可培养异养菌总数范围在2 ×104 ～1. 88 ×105 CFU /g之间,两池的数量变化波动均较大,其它功能菌与异养菌相似,在整个养殖周期也是呈现较大的波动幅度, 但统计分析表明淀粉降解菌、有机磷降解菌、油脂降解菌、弧菌等与可培养异养细菌之间呈现着明显的正相关,而几丁质降解菌、无机磷溶解菌、纤维素降解菌以及硫氧化细菌与异养菌之间则无明显的相关关系.国家863项目(2002AA603013) ,国家自然科学基金项目 (30370276) ,福建省科技重点项目(2004 I023)资