Village-level Organization Service Function Alienation and Its Governance Research of the After Marketization

村党支部和村民委员会是当前中国农村和农民家庭之外最基本的组织单元和组织依托，作为国家权力机关和农民之间的“过渡人”，有着十分重要的作用。在特定的经济社会变革条件下（如长三角地区农村高度市场化发展情况），村级组织功能也受到较大影响：一是国家权力相对退出后，村级组织随之产生内生结构性变化；二是随着外部经济、政策对村级组织内部权力变化等的影响，村级组织的服务功能也发生了巨大的变化。 本文从经济社会发展角度叙述了“经济发展”这个外部因素不断直接影响村级组织功能，并逐步影响村级组织的内生型因素，从而更大程度的影响到村级组织功能；从对整个影响过程的分析梳理村级组织在后市场化特定时期内的服务功能异化情形及...The village Party branch and the village committee are the most basic organizational units and organizations in the rural areas and the farmers families.As a“transitional”between the state power organs and the peasants,Plays a very important role in the social and economic life of the country and the peasants.Under certain conditions of economic and social change（Such as the Yangtze River Delta re...学位：公共管理硕士院系专业：公共事务学院_公共管理硕士学号：1392013115039

Flooding Efficiency of Flooding systems and Wettability Study on the Simulaitn Rock Surface

为了研究驱油体系在模拟岩芯表面的润湿性，为微重力应用研究提供依据，选择胜利纯梁采油厂c6—41井原油，应用正交实验设计，通过最低瞬时界面张力测定，筛选出阴离子表面活性剂sDc—V、非离子表面活性剂FBB、HPAM和复碱的驱油体系配方．开展室内模拟驱油实验，同时测定驱油体系溶液对模拟岩芯的接触角，并且关联驱油效率和接触角之间的关系，发现驱油效率越高，接触角值越小

正交试验优选当归水提取工艺条件的研究

当归为多年生伞形科草本植物,主产于甘肃、云南、四川等地,根部入药,功能主治补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便,其主要有效成分是阿魏酸。阿魏酸的化学名称为4-羟基-3-甲氧基肉桂酸,有顺式和反式两种,顺式为黄色油状物。反式为白色至微黄色结晶物,一般系指反式,分子量194.19,熔点174℃,微溶于冷水,可溶于热水。阿魏酸具有很强的抗氧化活性和抗菌活性,除了医药,在食品、化妆品、液晶、饲料添加剂等行业都有很广泛的用途

Recombinant Keratinocyte Growth Factor-1 Expression in Rice

人角质细胞生长因子(kErATInOCyTE grOWTH fACTOr,kgf)在组织的损伤修复中起着重要的作用.植物细胞生物反应器是一种成本低、安全性好的蛋白生产系统.本研究将人kgf-1经农杆菌介导法转入水稻中,共获得38株抗性再生植株.SOuTHErn杂交和rT-PCr结果表明kgf-1基因整合入水稻基因组中且部分转化株中kgf-1基因得到转录.WESTErn blOTTIng检测结果显示有两株转化水稻中能够表达kgf-1.Keratinocyte growth factor(KGF) plays an important role in the tissue damage repair.Plant cell bioreactor is a low cost and safe protein production system.Human KGF-1 gene was transformed into rice by Agrobacterium-mediated method and a total of 38 putative transgenic rice plants were obainted.The results of southern blotting and RT-PCR assay showed that KGF-1 gene was integrated into the rice genome and KGF-1 gene was transcribed in part of the putative transformed rices.Western blotting results showed that KGF-1 was expressed in two transgenic rices.福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2010J01240

环境因子对微藻胞外多聚物主要组分的影响

胞外多聚物(extracellular polymeric substances,EPS)对于微藻细胞的生长和用途具有重要的影响.以1株葡萄藻、1株栅藻和2株小球藻为研究对象,考察氮源含量改变时微藻EPS中主要组分多糖和蛋白质的变化情况.选取长势最优的葡萄藻,研究pH值、温度和培养方式对EPS组分的影响.结果表明:缺氮的生长环境会引起EPS中蛋白质含量的减少,最多可减少56.0%;微藻EPS中最多的是胞外多糖,占总EPS组分的58.08%~80.78%,而胞外蛋白质含量则占5.73%~13.45%;相比葡萄藻和栅藻,小球藻胞外存在更多的多糖和蛋白质.对于葡萄藻,pH值为11时EPS中多糖和蛋白质含量(按每克细胞计)与pH值为7时相比分别增加0.135和0.018g;降低温度使EPS多糖含量从0.014g急剧增加到0.600g;异养培养时EPS中多糖含量更高而自养培养时蛋白质含量更高.国家自然科学基金(21736009);;福建省高校青年自然基金重点项目(JZ160401);;厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20173018

Mutagenesis,cultivation and ultrastructural observation of Synechococcus sp.PCC7942 and two Amp-tolerant mutants

利用化学诱变剂,对野生型蓝藻Synechococcussp.PCC7942进行诱变筛选,获得2株抗氨苄的聚球藻突变株.对抗氨苄株1、抗氨苄株2及野生藻PCC7942的生长情况、优化培养条件和超微结构等方面进行了比较分析,结果表明,野生型PCC7942的基础抗性为100 mg.L-1,而抗氨苄株1、抗氨苄株2分别为240和250 mg.L-1.经培养,3种藻的生长都表现出全天光照优于半天光照.在加入氨苄青霉素的BG-11培养基中,抗氨苄株1、2的长势明显好于野生型PCC7942,但都不如它们各自在正常BG-11培养基中的长势.用透射电镜对3种藻不同生理时期的超微结构进行观察,发现在一般情况下3种藻之间以及它们在不同生长时期的外观基本相同,但出现了螺旋结构和出芽生殖的特殊情况.Two Amp-tolerant mutants of PCC7942 were acquired after ethylmethyl sulphonate (EMS) mutagenesis and ampicillin enrichment.Through comparing among PCC7942 and two mutants on their growing responses,cultivating conditions and ultrastructures,it was discovered that the basic tolerance of PCC7942 to Amp was 100 mg·L~(-1) while the values of mutant 1 and 2 were 240 mg·L~(-1) and 250 mg·L~(-1).It was also observed that PCC7942 and the two mutants all grew better when receiving all-day illumination than half-day one.In BG-11 containing antibiotic Amp,the growing responses of mutant 1 and 2 were obviously better than wild type PCC7942.In the ultrastructural level,the structure of the wild-type and two mutants was similar in the different growing phases,but some special phenomenons such as the spiral structure and budding were also discovered.国家科学技术部国家转基因研究与产业化专项基金资助项目(J00-B-014

一种富集高温栅藻Desmodesmus sp. F51的新型生物絮凝剂

【背景】海科贝特氏菌(Cobetia marina)可产生大量具有絮凝活性的胞外产物，可视为一种新型的生物絮凝剂。高温栅藻(Desmodesmus sp. F51)是一种具有较高叶黄素含量的微藻，被认为是一种新兴的叶黄素来源，但利用该生物絮凝剂高效富集高温栅藻的相关研究迄今尚未见报道。【目的】以高温栅藻为对象，研究该新型生物絮凝剂的絮凝效率，并对絮凝机理进行初步探讨。【方法】探索在不同生长阶段微藻培养液添加生物絮凝剂、添加量、絮凝时间、pH对絮凝效率的影响，分析生物絮凝剂的功能基团，并测定在不同pH条件下添加生物絮凝剂前后高温栅藻的Zeta电位变化，以及在显微镜下分析藻细胞在添加生物絮凝剂前后的形态。【结果】在高温栅藻生长至稳定期，pH 8.0添加2 mL生物絮凝剂，絮凝15 min絮凝效果最佳，达82.1%。傅里叶红外图谱显示了多糖及酰胺结构的特征吸收峰，由此推测生物絮凝剂主要是多糖的混合物，含有少量蛋白质。根据Bradford法测定絮凝剂中蛋白含量约为0.4%(质量比)，通过苯酚-硫酸法测定总糖质量分数约为34.5%(质量比)，与FTIR谱分析结果基本相符。生物絮凝剂在pH 4.0～11.0保持60%以上的絮凝效率，说明无论是酸性或是碱性条件下絮凝效率都较高，结合Zeta电位的分析表明，推测生物絮凝剂对高温栅藻的絮凝机理中占主导地位的可能是吸附架桥作用。【结论】该研究对微藻生物絮凝具有重要的理论和实践意义。厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20173018)福建省自然科学基金(2017J01077)国家自然科学基金项目 (31871779

Biological Effects of Stevia rebaudianum Induced by Carbon Ion Implantation

对甜菊 (SteviarebaudianumBertoni)种子注入能量为 75keV、剂量为 10 14 /cm2 的碳离子 ,研究其种子萌发期产生的一系列生物学效应。注入碳离子的种子萌发率略高于对照组 ,但种苗的成活率比对照组低 (P <0 .0 2 )。运用假设检验法分析 ,结果表明注入离子的种子出苗株高显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。萌发 4d的处理组 ,叶片细胞壁增厚 ,胞间连丝扩大 ,内有高电子密度的物质沉积 ,细胞质膜皱折 ,膜上有高电子密度的沉积颗粒 ,质膜向细胞壁方向突起 ,质膜上的颗粒通过胞间连丝转移或沉积于细胞壁上。上述现象可能与注入离子的过壁运输有关 ,也可能与胼胝质的积累有关。此外 ,实验组植物的叶绿体发达 ,片层结构明显多于对照组 ,两个质体发生中心同时存在于同一个叶绿体内 ;线粒体丰富 ,内嵴发达 ;微体内可见典型的晶格排列结构。这些结果表明 ,离子注入种子以后 ,种子萌发期的合成代谢和呼吸代谢能力明显强于对照组The biological effects during seed germination were investigated after the dry seeds of Stevia rebaudianum Bertoni were implanted with carbon ion beam of 75 keV and 10 14 ions/cm 2. The results showed that the germination rate of carbon ion implanted seeds was slightly higher than that of the control, but the survival rate of the treated seedlings, on the contrary, was lower than that of the control (P<0.02), while the height of the treated seedlings was significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.01). On the 4th day after germination, the leaf cell wall in the treated group was thick, some high electron_dense substance deposited in the enlarged plasmodesma; Cell membrane creased with high electron_dense granules deposited on it. The plasma membrane protruded towards cell wall, and the granules shifted via plasmodesma or deposited onto cell wall. These phenomena may be related to the conveyance of implanted ions across cell wall, or be related to the accumulation of callose. In addition, the implantation of carbon ions could increase the lamellae of the chloroplast and cause high development of the chloroplast which sometimes contained two plastid centers in an individual chloroplast. Also, the highly developed cristae, abundant mitochondria and typical crystalloid structure in microbody could be found. All these results indicated that the anabolic and catabolic activities in the seedlings implanted with carbon ions before germination were obviously more active than those in the controls.TheNationalKeyProjectofInterdiscipline ( 19890 3 0 0

Analysis of the Content of Stevia Sweeteners by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

本文介绍了一种用毛细管区带电泳法筛选甜菊糖苷突变体的有效方法。根据实验结果 ,优化的电泳条件为 :60mmol/LTris 硼酸缓冲液 (pH 8.0 ) ,柱温 30℃ ,工作电压 2 5kV。优化条件下 ,甜菊苷 (Ste vioside)迁移时间的R .S .D为 0 .45% (1 5次 ) ,且在 7.45× 1 0 - 5～ 1 .74× 1 0 - 2 mol/L的浓度范围内存在良好的线性关系 (r=0 .9994) ,甜菊主要糖苷在 5min内均可实现分离。在优化条件下 ,本实验研究了低能离子注入后甜菊主要糖苷含量变化 ,结果令人满意。This paper introduced an effect capillary zone electrophoresis method for screening of stevia mutation. According to the experimental results, the optimum separation conditions were selected as: 60 mmol/L Tris tetraborate buffer of pH 8.0, 30 ℃ and 25 KV. Under optimum conditions, the R.S.D. of stevioside migration time for 15 runs was 0.45%. The detector response for stevioside was linear over the range of 7.45×10 -5 ～1.74×10 -2 mol/L (r=0.9994). Stevia main sweeteners cound be separated effectively in less than five minutes. This method was applied for determining the variation of stevia main sweeteners after low_energy ions implantation