Surface Structure Effects in Dissociative Adsorption Kinetics and Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Ethylene Glycol

本文选题研究乙二醇（EG）分子在铂单晶电极上吸附和氧化的表面过程和反应动力学，涉及电催化、表面科学、能源科学（直接燃料电池）等学科前沿。金属单晶面具有明确的表面原子排列结构，对于深入认识表面结构与性能的内在联系和规律，在微观层次发展电催化理论等方面具有重要意义。我们研制了(100),(110),(111),(311),(511),(711),(911)和(751)等8个Pt单晶面，运用电化学循环伏安、程序电位阶跃技术和原位FTIR反射光谱等方法，研究了EG在这8个Pt单晶电极上的解离吸附和氧化反应动力学，取得的主要原创性结果如下：(1)发现EG的解离吸附反应是表面结构敏感的过程，不同表面原子排...Electrocatalytic oxidation of small organic molecules is of fundamental importance in electrocatalysis. This thesis put emphasis upon studies of surface process and reaction kinetics of ethylene glycol (EG) adsorption and oxidation on Pt single crystal electrodes. The subject presents a frontier of multidiscipline covering electrocatalysis, surface science and energy science (direct fuel cell). Si...学位：理学博士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_物理化学(含化学物理)学号：B20012501

A Study on Setting-up the Happiness Organization Based on the Project and Product Oriented Business Unit

本论文提出了项目+产品的BU经营模式的幸福化组织概念。以稻盛和夫的阿米巴经营思想为理论研究框架，通过企业管理软件公司三种组织架构分析和结合厦门用友烟草软件有限责任公司的应用研究。研究结果表明：项目+产品的BU经营模式的幸福化组织实现了管理软件企业的实时核算及度量化体系，打破了传统管理软件企业依据印象和感情考核的激励体系，建立了度量化的激励体系。员工充分掌握自己所属BU组织的经营目标，每一个BU都变成了一个小的经营体，实现了经营权利的下放，赋予了员工参与经营的能力和条件，让员工由原来的被动执行到现在的主动思考经营，搭建了公司全员经营的经营体系。明确了员工的工作的目标和方向，提高了员工的幸福持续感...This thesis proposes a conception of the Happiness Organization based on the Project and Product Oriented Business Unit, A MIBA Management Idea as the theoretical framework , through the enterprise management software company, three kinds of structure analysis and combined with the application of Xiamen Yonyou Tobacco Software Co.Ltd.Research results show that: The Happiness Organization based on ...学位：工商管理硕士院系专业：管理学院高级经理教育中心（EMBA项目）_高级管理人员工商管理硕士(EMBA)学号：X201215603

Research on the Examination System of Fujian Ship Politics School

我国近代历史上第一所高等实业学堂——福建船政学堂的考试制度有着鲜明的特点。从考试这一视角来研究福建船政学堂,分析当时实施这项考试制度的时代背景、历史条件、具体措施及其给社会带来的巨大贡献。这对我们今天高等职业教育考试制度的改革有着重要的借鉴意义和现实意义。As the first higher vocational school in the modern history of our country,Fujian Ship Politics School has sharp-cut characteristic on its examination system.We study the Fujian Ship Politics School in the view of its examination system,analyzing the time background,the historical condition and the concrete measure and the tremendous contribution which brought to the society of its examination system.It has important reference use and the practical significance to the reformation of higher vocational education examination system today.教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目《高校招生考试制度改革的理论与实践研究》(03JZD0038)研究成果之

乙醛酸电合成研究进展

较为全面地总结了乙醛酸制备的技术路线,综合评价其工艺的优缺点;详述了电合成乙醛酸工艺开发方面的情况,总结其最佳工艺条件,提出了存在的问题和今后发展的方向

Effect of Specific Adsorption of Anions and Surface Structure of Pt(111) Electrode on Kinetics of Dissociative Adsorption of Ethylene Glycol

运用电化学循环伏安和程序电位阶跃方法研究了阴离子特性吸附和PT(111)电极表面结构对乙二醇解离吸附反应动力学的影响.结果表明,阴离子特性吸附显著影响乙二醇的解离吸附,在高氯酸介质中(无特性吸附)测得乙二醇解离吸附反应的初始速率VI以及解离吸附物种(dA)的饱和覆盖度均明显大于硫酸溶液(发生SO24-/HSO4-特性吸附)中的相应值;其平均速率V随电极电位的变化呈类似火山型分布,最大值位于0.22V(VSSCE)附近.还发现通过不同处理获得的PT(111)电极的不同表面结构对这一表面过程也具有显著的影响.The effect of specific adsorption of anions and the surface structure of a Pt(111) electrode on the kinetics of dissociative adsorption of ethylene glycol (EG) was studied using cyclic voltammetry and a programmed potential step technique.Quantitative results demonstrated that the specific adsorption of anions remarkably influenced the dissociative adsorption of EG.Both the initial reaction rate (vi) of the EG dissociative adsorption and the saturated coverage of dissociative adsorbates, measured in perchloric acid media (without specific adsorption), are significantly larger than the corresponding values acquired in sulfuric acid media (with specific adsorption of SO420-/HSO4-).We illustrate that the variation of the average reaction rate v of EG dissociative adsorption on Pt(111) in perchloric acid media with an electrode potential yields a volcano-like distribution with a maximum value near 0.22 V (vs SCE).Furthermore, different surface structures of the Pt(111) electrode that were obtained by different treatments also significantly affect this surface process.国家自然科学基金(20673091;20833005);广西师范大学博士科研启动基金资

Electrosynthesis of glyoxylic acid in a static bed reactor with cooled cathode

以过饱和草酸水溶液为阴极液,盐酸溶液为阳极液,在阴极冷却固定床电化学反应器内草酸电解合成乙醛酸。考察了电流密度、电极和电解液温度、阴极材料对合成乙醛酸时空产率和电流效率的影响。结果表明,阴极冷却固定床反应器是一种较理想的反应器,用石墨板作阳极,铅作阴极,电流密度为400.5A/m2,阴极空速u0=0.505m/s,电解温度为20℃左右时,电解1.5h,在阴极可得到质量分数为5.45%的乙醛酸溶液,平均时空产率可达0.12kg/dm3·h以上。Glyoxylic acid was produced by electroreduction of oxalic acid in the static bed reactor with cooled cathode. The cathodic and anodic electrolytes were super-saturated oxalic acid and hydrochloric acid aqueous solutions. The current efficiency and time-space yield of glyoxylic acid were studied under different current densities, temperatures of cathode and electrolyte,materials of cathode. The results indicated that the cooled cathode static bed reactor is an excellent reactor. The average space-time yield of glyoxylic acid is over 0.12 kg/dm~3·h and the concentration of glyoxylic acid can reach 5.45% after 1.5 h electrolysis with cathode of lead and anode of graphite board under conditions of temperature 20℃,superficial flow rate of 0.505 m/s and current density of 400.5 A/m~2 in the cooled cathode static bed reactor.福建省自然科学基金资助项目(F99029

Pt单晶(210)、(310)和(510)阶梯晶面上CO_2电催化还原的表面过程

研究Pt单晶(210)、(310)和(510)三个阶梯晶面上CO_2电催化还原的表面过程.通过改变处理条件获得单晶电极不同的表面结构.研究结果指出,当铂单晶电极表面保持其确定原子排列结构时,对CO2还原的电催化活性随晶面上(110)台阶密度的降低而减小,即Pt(210)>Pt(310)>Pt(510);当三个电极表面发生氧的吸附导致原子排列结构重建时,其电催化活性均有不同程度的提高.虽然其活性顺序未发生变化,但(110)台阶位密度越大的表面其电催化活性增加的程度越高.研究指出Pt单晶电极的表面结构越开放,其电催化活性也越高,并且在外界条件诱导下更易于转变为具有更高反应活性的表面结构.而相对有序的表面结构则比较稳定.研究结果从微观层次获得CO2与Pt单晶电极表面相互作用的规律,深化了对CO2电催化还原表面过程的认识.国家自然科学基金(批准号:20673091,20433060,20373059);; “973”计划(批准号:2002CB211804)资助项

Pt(100)电极上乙二醇吸附和氧化的原位时间分辨FTIRS研究

运用原位时间分辨FTIR反射光谱在分子水平研究乙二醇(EG)在Pt(100)单晶电极上吸附和氧化的动力学过程.在0.10V的时间分辨光谱中,当t>5s于2050cm?1附近出现的红外谱峰归因于EG解离吸附产物线性吸附态CO(COL)的红外吸收.红外光谱特征及其变化还证实,吸附态CO在Pt(100)表面呈均匀分布;当t>70s于2342cm?1附近出现CO2的不对称伸缩振动谱峰,指认为EG的直接氧化.研究发现随着电位升高,直接氧化逐渐成为主要反应途径,使解离吸附反应削弱.当电位高于0.40V以后,EG的氧化主要通过活性中间产物(–COOH)的途径进行

Electrosynthesis of Glyoxylic Acid in a Packed Bed Reactor

以过饱和草酸水溶液为阴极液 ,盐酸为阳极液 ,在固定床电解槽中草酸电还原得到乙醛酸 .考察改变固定床的结构、电解温度及电流密度对生成乙醛酸电流效率和产率的影响 .结果表明 ,以铅粒作阴极 ,石墨板作阳极 ,电流密度 96 .3A·m- 2 ,阴极液空速 0 .5 0 5m·s- 1,电解温度 32℃时 ,在固定床双阳极室内反应 4 5min ,乙醛酸的电流效率仍达到 6 6 .2 % ,浓度 2 .0 2 %Glyoxylic acid was produced by electroreduction of oxalic acid in a packed bed reator.The cathodic and anodic electrolytes were super_saturated oxalic and hydrochloric acid aqueous solutions separated by a super_acid ion_exchange membrane.The current efficiency and yield of glyoxylic acid were studied under different structured packed bed reactors and different electrode materials,temperatures and current densities.The results indicated that the current efficiency of synthsis of glyoxylic acid was over 66.2% and the concentration of glyoxylic acid could reach 2.02% after 45min electrolysis with cathode of lead particles and anode of graphite board under conditions of temperature 32 ℃,superficial flow rate of 0.505 m·s -1 and current density of 96.3 A·m -2 in a packed bed reactor with double_anode cell.作者联系地址：厦门大学化工系,厦门大学化工系,厦门大学化工系,厦门大学化工系 福建厦门361005 ,福建厦门361005 ,福建厦门361005 ,福建厦门361005Author's Address: Dept. of Chem. Engin., Xiamen Univ., Xiamen 361005,Chin

Effect of Specific Adsorption of Anions and Surface Structure of Pt(111) Electrode on Kinetics of Dissociative Adsorption of Ethylene Glycol

The effect of specific adsorption of anions and the surface structure of a Pt(111) electrode on the kinetics of dissociative adsorption of ethylene glycol (EG) was studied using cyclic voltammetry and a programmed potential step technique. Quantitative results demonstrated that the specific adsorption of anions remarkably influenced the dissociative adsorption of EG. Both the initial reaction rate (v(i)) of the EG dissociative adsorption and the saturated coverage of dissociative adsorbates, measured in perchloric acid media (without specific adsorption), are significantly larger than the corresponding values acquired in sulfuric acid media (with specific adsorption of SO42-/HSO4-). We illustrate that the variation of the average reaction rate (v) over bar of EG dissociative adsorption on Pt(111) in perchloric acid media with an electrode potential yields a volcano-like distribution with a maximum value near 0.22 V (vs SCE). Furthermore, different surface structures of the Pt(111) electrode that were obtained by different treatments also significantly affect this surface process