Neighboring / Adjacent Coupling Relationship Between Urbanization and Farmland Safety Based on the Decoupling Theory

当前我国快速城市化推进对半城市化、农村等近程区域分布的耕地产生直接、强烈的影响,也对耕地安全造成强大的胁迫效应。为此,构建城市化-耕地安全综合评; 价指标体系,分别计算城市化指数和耕地安全胁迫指数,并基于脱钩理论方法对城市化水平与耕地安全水平的近程耦合关系进行量化分析。以江苏省连云港市为例,; 定量分析20002014年间其城市化水平与耕地安全的脱钩-耦合关系及耕地安全对城市化进程的响应程度。结果表明,; 20002014年间,连云港市城市化指数持续增高,耕地安全胁迫指数波动降低;; 20002007年为强脱钩、弱脱钩、扩张负脱钩及扩张脱钩的波动状态;; 20082014年呈更加强烈的波动状态,包括20082012年的强脱钩和2013年的扩张负脱钩状态,这反映出区域发展规划、土地利用规划和城市总体; 规划的实施对这一典型近程耦合系统产生了较大影响。研究期内连云港市城市化水平大幅提高,耕地安全所受胁迫程度不断降低,两者虽总体呈强脱钩关系,但仍需; 注意近程耦合结果波动性较大所揭示的不确定性问题,需要谨慎权衡城市化相关政策对耕地安全的影响。与过去的宏观、单一指标模型相比,基于近程耦合关系提出; 的多指标脱钩-耦合模型更具综合性,能更加全面、精细化分析快速城市化进程与耕地安全保护之间的复杂关系,为半城市化地区景观安全格局评估提供支撑,为城; 市化与耕地保护之间的协调发展提供决策支持。The current rapid development of urbanization in China has directly and; seriously affected farmlands distribution in its para-urbanized; neighboring /adjacent regions,and also posed severe stresses on safety; of these land. It is,therefore,essential to build up a comprehensive; urbanization and farmland safety assessment indicator system,work out; quantitatively urbanization index and farmland safety stress index,and; analyze quantitatively neighboring coupling relations between; urbanization and arable land safety based on the decoupling theory and; method. A case study was conducted of Lianyungang City of Jiangsu; Province to explore quantitatively coupling-decoupling relationship; between urbanization and farmland safety and response of farmland safety; to the progress of urbanization during the period from 2000 to 2014.; Results show that during the study period,urbanization index of; Lianyungang City increased steadily,while farmland safety stress index; fluctuated with a declining trend. Their relationship displayed a wavy; trend from 2000 to 2007,i.e. strong decoupling-weak decoupling-expanding; negative decoupling-expanding connection and a strong fluctuation curve; from 2008 to 2014,including strong decoupling during 2008-2012 and; expanding negative decoupling in 2013,which reflects strong impacts of; the implementation of the regional development,land use and city overall; programs on this typical neighboring / adjacent coupling system. During; the study period,Lianyungang City made a huge and steady progress in; urbanization, while reducing fluctuation of its stress on farmland; safety. Though the two posed a strong decoupling relationship,the; problem of uncertainty reflected in the huge fluctuation of the result; of the neighboring /adjacent decoupling calls for high attention,and the; influence urbanization had on farmland safety needs to be weighed; prudently. Compared to the macroscopic single indicator models used in; the past,the multi-index decoupling-coupling model built for the; neighboring coupling relationship is more comprehensive and capable of; analyzing the complex relationship between rapid urbanization and; protection of farmland safety in a more holistic and finer way.; Furthermore,it may provide theoretical support to landscape safety; assessment of para-urbanizd regions and to decision-making on harmonized; development of both urbanization and protection of farmland.国家自然科学基金; 厦门大学大学生创新创业训练计划; 中国科学院大学生创新实践训练计

Seasonal Changes of Caloric Values in Different Organs of Butia capitata

对布迪椰子的幼叶、成熟叶、叶柄和根在不同季节的干重热值、去灰分热值和灰分含量进行了研究,结果表明:干重热值四个季节的平均值为成熟叶(20.65kJg-1)>幼叶(19.84kJg-1)>根(19.55kJg-1)>叶柄(18.77kJg-1),秋季的干重热值明显高于其它三个季节的干重热值,冬季的干重热值最低,去灰分热值与干重热值的变化趋势基本相同。灰分含量四个季节的平均值为根(5.14%)>叶柄(4.33%)>幼叶(4.21%)>成熟叶(3.97%)。成熟叶的灰分含量一直维持在比较低的水平,而幼叶的在秋季明显下降,在冬季明显上升,幼叶灰分含量的季节变化趋势与成熟叶的相同,叶柄灰分含量在冬季明显低于根部。布迪椰子这种不同器官在不同季节的热值和灰分的变化规律显示其具有较强的耐寒适应性。Seasonal changes of caloric value and ash content of Butia capitata were studied. The annual average caloric value was in the following order: mature leaves (20.65 kJ g-1) > young leaves (19.84 kJ g-1) > roots (19.55 kJ g-1) > petioles (18.77 kJ g-1). The organs showed maximum gross caloric values (GCV) in autumn and minimum ones in winter. Ash free caloric values (AFCV) varied as same as gross caloric values (GCV). The annual average ash content followed the order: roots (5.14%)> petioles (4.33%)> young leaves (4.21%)> mature leaves (3.97%). The ash content was lower in mature leaves, markedly decreased in young leaves during autumn, and then increased during winter. Seasonal changes of ash content in mature leaves were same with those in young leaves. Petioles had much lower ash content than roots during winter. Changes in ash content and caloric value of Butia capitata in different seasons were good energy use strategy for species with high cold resistance to adapt the low temperature.国家自然科学博士点基金项目资

The spatial and temporal distribution of virioplankton and heterotrophic bacteria in the coastal waters of Zhejiang

为了解浙江近海海域浮游病毒和异养细菌的时空生态分布,于2014年11月(秋)、2015年1月(冬)、2015年5月(春)和2015年7月(夏)连; 续4个季节采集了浙江近海海域表层海水样品,采用流式细胞仪技术对样品浮游病毒和异养细菌丰度进行了检测,对其时空分布特征及与环境因子的相关性做了分析; 。从水平分布来看,在4个季节中浮游病毒、异养细菌丰度均为宁波、沈家门、岱山等沿岸海域站位的丰度低,远陆海域东极和枸杞站位的丰度高。从季节变化来看; ,浮游病毒、异养细菌丰度的季节分布特征同为夏>春>秋>冬,相关性分析结果表明,春、夏、秋、冬4个季节,浮游病毒丰度与异养细菌丰度均为显著正相关。; 浮游病毒丰度在春、秋、冬季节均与病毒/细菌比值(VBR)显著正相关;夏、秋季节均与盐度显著正相关;春、夏季节均与总磷显著负相关;春季分别于与溶解; 氧、pH、化学耗氧量(COD)显著正相关。异养细菌在春、秋、冬季节均与VBR显著正相关;春、夏季节与溶解氧显著正相关,冬季与溶解氧显著负相关;春; 、夏季节与总磷显著负相关;秋、冬季节均与温度、盐度显著正相关;春、冬季节均与COD显著正相关。In order to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of; virioplankton and heterotrophic bacteria in the coastal waters of; Zhejiang,the representative samples of sea water were collected in the; coastal waters of Zhejiang for 4 consecutive seasons in November; 2014(Autumn),January 2015(winter),May 2015(spring) and July; 2015(summer). The distribution of virioplankton and heterotrophic; bacteria was studied by flow cytometry,and the correlations between the; abundances of virioplankton,heterotrophic bacteria and environmental; factors were also analyzed. From the horizontal distribution,in the four; seasons low abundance of virioplankton and heterotrophic bacteria was in; the stations of Ningbo,Shenjiamen,Daishan immediate offshore; area;high-abundance was in the stations of Dongji and Gouqi offshore; area. From the seasonal distribution,the abundance of the virioplankton; and heterotrophic bacteria was the same as that of; summer>spring>autumn>winter. The abundance of virioplankton and; heterotrophic bacteria was significantly and positively correlated in; the 4 seasons. The abundance of virioplankton was significantly and; positively correlated with VBR in spring,autumn and winter. The; abundance of virioplankton was significantly and positively correlated; with salinity in summer and autumn. The abundance of virioplankton was; significantly and negatively correlated with TP in spring and summer.; The abundance of virioplankton was significantly and positively; correlated with dissolved oxygen,pH,COD in spring. The heterotrophic; bacteria were significantly and positively correlated with VBR in; spring,autumn and winter. The heterotrophic bacteria were significantly; and positively correlated with dissolved oxygen in spring and summer but; were significantly and negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen in; winter. The heterotrophic bacteria were significantly and negatively; correlated with TP in spring and summer. The heterotrophic bacteria were; significantly and positively correlated with temperature and salinity in; autumn and winter. The heterotrophic bacteria were significantly and; positively correlated with COD in spring and winter.国家海洋局公益性行业科研专

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Picophytoplankton in Coastal Waters of Zhejiang

【目的】为了解浙江近海海域超微型光合自养浮游生物原绿球藻(Prochlorococcus,; Pro)、聚球藻(Synechococcus,Syn)和超微型真核浮游植物(Picoeukaryotes,Euk)的时空生态分布,【方法】于20; 14年11月(秋)、2015年1月(冬)、2015年5月(春)和2015年7月(夏)连续4个季节采集了浙江近海海域表层海水样品,采用流式细胞仪技; 术对样品超微型光合自养浮游生物丰度进行了检测,并对其时空分布特征及与环境因子的相关性进行了研究。【结果】从水平分布来看,在4个季节中超微型光合自; 养浮游生物丰度均为宁波、沈家门、岱山等沿岸海域站位的丰度低,远陆海域东极和枸杞站位的丰度高。从季节分布来看,原绿球藻的季节分布特征为夏季>秋季; >冬季>春季,聚球藻的季节分布特征为秋季 >冬季 >春季>夏季,超微型真核浮游植物的季节分布特征为夏季>秋季; >春季>冬季。相关性分析表明,春季,原绿球藻、聚球藻、超微型真核浮游植物均与pH显著正相关;秋季,原绿球藻、聚球藻、超微型真核浮游植物均与温度显; 著正相关;冬季,聚球藻、超微型真核浮游植物均与盐度显著正相关。【结论】本文超微型光合自养浮游生物丰度近岸海域明显低于远陆海域,这与近岸海域泥沙含; 量大,水色和透明度低有很大关系。浮游病毒对宿主的裂解也会影响超微型光合自养浮游生物的丰度变化。【Objective】 The preseat paper aims to investigate the spatial and; temporal distribution of picophytoplankton: Prochlorococcus,; Syn-echococcus and Picoeukaryotes in the coastal waters of; Zhejiang.【Method】 The representative samples of sea water in the coastal; waters of Zhejiang were collected for 4 consecutive seasons in November; 2014 (Autumn), January 2015 (winter),May 2015 (spring) and July 2015; (summer). The distributions of picophytoplankton by flow cytometry were; analyzed, and the correlation between the abundances of; picophytoplankton and environmental factors were studied.【Result】 From; the horizontal distribution, in the four seasons, the abundance of; picophytoplankton were low-abundance areas in the stations of; Ningbo,Shenjiamen, Daishan immediate offshore area, high-abundance areas; in the stations of Dongji and Gouqi offshore area. From seasonal; distribution, the abundance of Prochlorococcus was in order of summer >; autumn > winter > spring, the abundance of Synechococcus autumn > winter; > spring > summer; and the abundance of Picoeukaryotes summer > autumn >; spring > winter. Prochlorococcus,Synechococcus and Picoeukaryotes were; significantly positively correlated with pH in the spring.; Prochlorococcus,Synechococcus and Picoeukaryotes were significantly; positively correlated with temperature in autumn. Synechococcus and; Picoeukaryotes were positively correlated with salinity in; winter.【Conclusion】In this study, the abundance of picophytoplankton in; immediate offshore area was significantly lower than that of far; offshore area. The reason was that the sediment content was large,the; water color and transparency was low in immediate offshore area. The; cracking effect of the virioplankton on the host would affect the; abundance of picophytoplankton.国家海洋局公益性行业科研专

Contents and Structure Analysis of Tannins in Leaves of Three Cultivars of Camellia sinensis

测定了本山、黄旦和铁观音三个品种茶树成熟叶片的总酚及可溶缩合单宁含量,并通过基质辅助激光解吸附飞行时间质谱(MAldI-TOfMS)研究了茶叶缩合单宁的基本结构。结果显示,三种茶叶均具有较高的总酚含量,大约为200Mg/g;三种茶叶的缩合单宁是以(表)儿茶素(EC/C)和(表)棓儿茶素(EgC/gC)为基本结构单元的均聚物和杂聚物,且大部分聚合物的结构单元之间存在A型和b型两种连接方式,其中本山和黄旦缩合单宁的最高聚合度要大于铁观音。The contents of total polyphenols and extractable condensed tannins in leaves of three types of Camellia sinensis (Benshan,Huangdan and Tieguanyin) were determined.In addition,the structures of condensed tannins were characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-Tof MS).Three types of tea leaves have total phenolic contents as high as 200 mg/g.The majority of condensed tannins in the three types of C.sinensis are identified as the mixtures of procyanidins and prodelphinidins with a medium level of galloylation through the linkage of A-type and B-type interflavan bonds.Meanwhile the degree of polymerizations is higher in Benshan and Huangdan than in Tieguanyin.国家自然科学基金项目(40376026;30671646

Implementation of License File Scheme Through Modified Digital Signature Scheme Based on PKI

基于软件的保护方式主要有注册码和许可证文件,文章介绍了将单向散列函数同公开密钥相结合实现数字签名的技术,提出了一种软件许可证生成、验证的许可系统,并基于gnu开源库lIbgCryPT为电信设备实现许可证系统。与传统技术相比,该系统具有简单易用、安全可靠的特点。There are two main methods,i.e.License Key and License File in software copyrights protection area based on soft mode.This paper constructed digital signature adopting public key cryptography technique and Hashing,and then proposed a new license flie generation and validation system,and also gave detailed design and implemention based on Libgcrypt which belongs to GNU.This system is easier and safer to use

Comparison of caloric values and ash contents in three palm species

通过测定厦门的三种棕榈植物布迪椰子、油棕和沼地棕的不同组分的热值和灰分含量。结果表明,布迪椰子各组分干重热值和去灰分热值由大到小的顺序为成熟叶>细根>幼叶>粗根>根茎>叶柄;油棕的为成熟叶>粗根>细根>幼叶>叶柄>根茎;沼地棕的为成熟叶>粗根>细根>幼叶>叶柄。布迪椰子的灰分含量高低顺序为细根>粗根>根茎>幼叶>叶柄>成熟叶,油棕的为成熟叶>幼叶>细根>粗根>叶柄>根茎;沼地棕的为幼叶>成熟叶>细根>粗根>叶柄。布迪椰子和沼地棕成熟叶的热值显著高于油棕,并且布迪椰子的成熟叶热值略低于沼地棕,但布迪椰子幼叶的热值显著高于沼地棕和油棕,布迪椰子的叶柄的热值显著低于沼地棕和油棕,说明耐寒性强的布迪椰子热值和灰分比耐寒性弱的油棕的分配策略更加合理,有利于提高其对低温的适应性,对植物引种具有重要的指导意义。An experiment was conducted to evaluate the caloric value and ash contents in various components of three palm species(Butia capitata,Elaeis guineensis,Acoelorraphe wrightii)from the nursery in the Xiamen Botanical Garden.The results showed that the gross caloric values(GCV)of Butia capitata in various components can be ranked in the decreasing order as follows:mature leaves>lower roots>young leaves>upper roots>rhizome>petioles;for Acoelorraphe wrightii,the order was:mature leaves>upper roots>lower roots>young leaves>petioles;for E.guineensis,the order was:mature leaves>upper roots>lower roots>young leaves>petioles>rhizomes.The ash free caloric values(AFCV)in different components also varied widely,and could be ranked almost in the same order as those of GCV.B.capitata ash contents in various components could be ranked in a decreasing order as follows:lower roots>upper roots>rhizomes>young leaves>petioles>mature leaves;for A.wrightii,the order was:young leaves>mature leaves>lower roots>upper roots>petioles;for E.guineensis,the order was:mature leaves>young leaves>lower roots>upper roots>petioles>rhizomes.The results indicated that the cold resistant B.capitata has a more reasonable distribution of caloric values and ash contents,this character may help to improve its adaptation to the low temperature.教育部博士教育基金~

天然橡胶的老化机理

采用人工紫外光老化和自然老化2种方法对天然橡胶(NR)进行老化研究,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振波谱及紫外-可见光吸收光谱测试法对老化产物进行表征,探究了NR的老化机理。结果表明,天然橡胶抗紫外光老化能力较差,在紫外光下照射3 h,其分子结构即发生明显改变,而在自然老化的条件下,天然橡胶经过30 d结构才发生变化。天然橡胶的老化机理:双键α-H最先被活化,随后发生氧化生成醛酮等氧化产物,同时双键被加成,烯氢含量减少;老化过程中,氧化降解与交联反应同时存在,老化前期以降解为主,后期产生交联。以核磁谱图为依据对烯氢的氧化百分比进行定量分析,建立了本实验条件下2种老化方程,并得出了自然老化时间与人工紫外光老化时间的关系,天然橡胶经紫外光老化7 d约相当于自然老化下3个月的老化效果

自然保护区群网生态建设的几点思考

论述了自然保护区在生态建设中的作用、我国国家级自然保护区的分布、福建国家级自然保护区的类型及其分布,提出了自然保护区群网建设的必要性.针对保护区建设的现状,提出了现阶段的工作重点:⑴建立自然保护区之间的群网关系;⑵开展自然保护区群网建设与研究工作;⑶保护区群网建设与森林涵养水源的重大意义和保护区域水的生态安全和生态效益;⑷保护区群网建设与发展循环经济;⑸主导资源保护与合理利用;⑹统一落实经费筹措;⑺加强部门、人员协调;⑻配合生态省建设工作·从而促进自然保护区的生态保护、生态修复和生态工程的协调发展

急性髓系白血病NPM1基因突变检测方法的研究

本研究旨在建立检测急性髓系细胞白血病(AML)患者NPM1基因突变的方法。针对NPM1基因突变集中区域设计引物/探针,建立高分辨熔解曲线方法(HRM)和等位基因特异PCR方法(AS-PCR),通过89份AML标本进行了临床评估,并采用毛细管电泳法(CE)和测序法作为对照进行了验证。结果表明,通过上述4种方法共检出阳性标本17例(19.1%),其中A型突变15例,B型和Nm型突变各1例。上述方法中HRM法检测全面,灵敏度为5%,而AS-PCR法有一定的漏检,但灵敏度高达0.01%。结论:考虑到操作的难易程度,同时也结合临床样品的检测情况,HRM在临床上可法用于NPM1突变筛查,而AS-PCR法可用于后续的微小残留病定量检测