国外大学财务报告的对比与借鉴——基于美、英、澳、新西兰四国大学年报的分析

国内外众多大学都具有非营利性性质,这决定了它们要在一定程度上依赖于政府财政资助、社会捐赠等公共资源的支持。作为这些公共资源配置的受托责任承担者,大学必然要报告公共受托资源的取得、分配和使用情况,其中最为常见的方式就是编制和披露大学的年度财务报告。本文通过对比分析美国、英国、澳大利亚、新西兰四国8所大学的财务报告,分析国外大学财务报告的方式与特点,为我国高等学校的财务信息披露与财务管理创新提供借鉴。教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“高校财务管理创新与财务风险防范机制研究”(课题编号:07JZD0020)的部分成

塔里木河下游地下水位对柽柳叶绿素荧光特性的影响

选取塔里木河下游3处地下水埋深>6m的监测井位作为研究点,结合典型生态监测断面的地下水位监测数据,分析不同地下水埋深处柽柳的叶绿素荧光特性和光系统的光合活性.结果表明:随着地下水埋深加大和干旱胁迫加剧,柽柳叶片的实际光化学效率、电子传输速率和光化学猝灭等参数普遍下降;非光化学猝灭和调节性能量耗散量子产量等参数显著升高,而最大光量子产量总体处于相对适宜状态.干旱胁迫下柽柳的PSII光合活性随地下水埋深增大而下降,捕获光能的过剩程度加剧,发生光抑制的几率增大,其自身良好的抗旱性和自我调节机制,使光系统II尚未发生显著光损伤

Detection of incoherent broadband terahertz light using antenna-coupled high-electron-mobility field-effect transistors

The sensitivity of direct terahertz detectors based on self-mixing of terahertz electromagnetic wave in field-effect transistors is being improved with noise-equivalent power close to that of Schottky-barrier-diode detectors. Here we report such detectors based on AlGaN/GaN two-dimensional electron gas at 77~K are able to sense broadband and incoherent terahertz radiation. The measured photocurrent as a function of the gate voltage agrees well with the self-mixing model and the spectral response is mainly determined by the antenna. A Fourier-transform spectrometer equipped with detectors designed for 340, 650 and 900~GHz bands allows for terahertz spectroscopy in a frequency range from 0.1 to 2.0~THz. The 900~GHz detector at 77~K offers an optical sensitivity about $1~\mathrm{pW/\sqrt{Hz}}$ being comparable to a commercial silicon bolometer at 4.2~K. By further improving the sensitivity, room-temperature detectors would find applications in active/passive terahertz imaging and terahertz spectroscopy.Comment: 4.5 pages, 5 figure

PHOTOSENSITIZATION of SULFONATED ALUMINUM PHTHALOCYANINE (AIPCS) ON HUMAN HEPATOMA SMMC7721 CELL AND ITS MECHANISM

目的探讨铝酞箐光敏剂对人肝癌细胞SMMC┐7721的作用及其机制。方法以碘钨灯为光源，采用台盼兰拒染法观察铝酞箐对人肝癌细胞的光敏作用。结果随着铝酞箐浓度的增加，对细胞光敏作用增强；避光组对细胞无毒害作用。羟自由基（·OH）清除剂l┐组氨酸可明显抑制铝酞箐对癌细胞的光敏作用。结论铝酞箐是一种理想的治癌光敏剂，其光敏作用与·OH有关。Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of photosensitization of sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine(AIPCS) on human hepatoma SMMC7721 cell.Methods:Using iodinetungsten lamp as a light source,the cytotoxicity of AIPCS on cancer cell was estimated by trypan blue exclusion method.Results:The role of photosensitized cytotoxicity increased with the concentration of AIPCS, while AIPCS alone without light has no any toxicity to hepatoma cells.The Lhistidine, one hydroxyl radical scavenger, could inhibit the phototsensitization of AIPCS obviously.Conclusion:AIPCS is an ideal photosensitizer for cancer therapy and the photocytotoxicity of AIPCS is due to hydroxyl radical

Research on DiffSev Performance Evaluation by Simulation

中文文摘：：Internet 越来越多的多媒体实时传输业务对网络服务质量提出了更高的要求。在分析传统 的尽力而为服务不足的基础上，剖析了区分服务的体系结构和工作机制，并运用NS2 网络仿真器 构建DiffServ 的仿真模型，进行性能评价研究。DiffServ 的端到端QoS 特性难以用精确的数学模 型加以刻画，模拟方法是评价这种服务性能的有效途径。 [英文文摘]Internet real time multimedia communication issues a further challenge to IP QoS. The authors discuss some problems of current network service, and analyze the architecture of DiffServ. We focus on the research into the DiffServ performance evaluation though simulation, and present the results to check DiffServ module versatility in services definition. Keywords: IP QoS; DiffServ; RED; simulation; performance evaluation国家自然科学基金 (60175008); 国家“九七三”信息与高性能 软件的子项目 (G199803040803)

基于PXA270嵌入式系统的Windows CE引导程序设计

PXA270处理器是一款Intel公司新近推出的32位微处理器,具有高性能、低功耗等优点,已开始广泛应用于以手持终端为代表的嵌入式系统开发中。Windows CE是目前手持终端等嵌入式系统主要采用的操作系统之一,要在基于PXA270处理器的手持终端产品中实现Windows CE系统的设计开发,关键在于如何设计实现Windows CE引导程序(即E-boot)。本文首先介绍基于PXA270处理器的嵌入式系统开发板(ARM-XMU)的基本架构和引导程序启动的基本原理、流程,分析该嵌入式系统启动所需的E-boot代码及其关键技术问题,并根据PXA270处理器的频率配置及存储器控制等特性,通过移植及优化,设计出适用于ARM-XMU开发板的引导程序,验证实现了一种基于Windows CE的手持终端系统

Design of new type of medical infrared temperature measuring instrument

目的:针对市场现有的测温仪的弊端,设计一种新型医用红外测温仪。方法:采用红外线温度传感器采集人体温度,以HT67F5640芯片为主控制器,通过A/D转换把检测的人体温度显示在液晶显示器(liquid crystal display,LCD)上。该仪器设计的电路包括主控制电路、电源电路、红外温度传感器电路、LCD驱动电路、按键电路、报警电路等;软件部分包括主程序,AD采集、LCD显示、蜂鸣器报警以及按键扫描等子程序。结果:该医用红外测温仪测量体温速度快、精度高、重复性好,医务人员反应良好。结论:该测温仪功耗低、使用方便、稳定性高、便于携带、各项参数优越,可以实现患者体温的快速检测。Objective To design a new type of medical infrared temperature measuring instrument.Methods The data on human body temperature were collected by the infrared temperature sensor with HT67F5640 as the main controller,and then displayed on the LCD through the A/D conversion.The circuits of the instrument included power supply circuit,infrared temperature sensor circuit,LCD drive circuit,key circuit,alarm circuit,etc.The software involved in the main program,AD acquisition subroutine,environment temperature compensation subroutine,calibration mode subroutine,etc.Results The instrument gained advantages in speed,precision,repeatability and response from medical staffs.Conclusion The medical infrared thermometer behaves well in low power consumption,easy operation,high stability and portability and etc,and is very suitable for the rapid detection of the patient's temperature

Generating High-concentration Solution of Reactive Oxygen Species by Strong-field Ionization Discharge

为优化氧活性粒子(rOS)在水中的生成条件,并为rOS溶液生成装置提供优化系统参数的依据,研究了rOS质量浓度在水温、PH值、O2给气体积流量、rOS投加体积质量,以及系统气压(混溶压力)等因素作用下的变化规律。实验中,气态rOS在强电离条件下通过介质阻挡放电生成,以O3计,通过O3检测仪测定其浓度;水中rOS质量浓度采用dPd分光光度法测定,用CrS来表示。实验结果表明:水温、PH值与CrS呈极显著负相关(相关系数P0.05);CrS在水温分别为16℃与24.5℃之间、PH=6.5与PH=7.0之间、O2给气体积流量为2 l/MIn与3 l/MIn之间均为差异不显著(P>0.05),其余各水温、PH值、O2给气体积流量之间均为差异显著(PO2给气体积流量>系统气压与O2给气体积流量交互作用。To optimize the generating condition of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in solution, and to provide a reference for improving ROS preparation system, we investigated the effects of several parameters, including solution temperature, solution pH, O2 input, ROS dosages, and system pressure, on the concentration of obtained ROS solution.Gaseous ROS was generated in a strong-field ionization condition induced by under dielectric barrier discharge(DBD), and its dosage represented by O3 was measured by ozone monitor.ROS in solution was caught by DPD(N, N-diethyl-p-pHenylenediamine), which was measured by DPD spectrophotometry, and the concentration of ROS solution was denoted by CRS.According to the experiments, both water temperature and pH have significant negative correlation with CRS(relativefactor P0.05).The differences between CRS are insignificant(P>0.05) under conditions of solution temperature of 16 ℃, 20 ℃, 24.5 ℃, solution pH of 6.5 and 7.0, as well as O2 input of 2 L/min and 3 L/min(P>0.05), but they are highly significant(P<0.01) or significant(P<0.05) under other tested conditions.Moreover, CRS significantly increases with the decrease of miscibility pressure(P<0.01), and it is significantly affected by the interaction between miscibility pressure and O2 input under higher ROS dosages(P<0.01).Lower water temperature, lower pH, higher ROS dosages, and lower miscibility pressure are all beneficial to increasing the concentration of ROS(CRS), which is significantly affected by the change of several parameters including solution temperature in the lower range, pH around 7, O2 input in the range of larger amount, etc.On the condition of high ROS dosage input, CRS is influenced by miscibility pressure, O2 input, and the interaction between miscibility pressure and O2 input in a descending order.国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2012AA062609); 国家科技支撑计划(2013BAC06B02); 国家杰出青年科学基金(61025001)~

便携式拉曼光谱仪快速检测废水中残留有机溶剂

本文通过使用便携式拉曼光谱仪来快速检测废水中残留有机溶剂的种类和含量。首先利用便携式拉曼光谱仪建立标准拉曼谱图库,然后用便携式拉曼光谱仪检测废水样品并与标准谱图库比对,即可获得废水中含有的有机溶剂的种类和含量。该方法简便、灵敏、快速,对于实时监测废水的排放具有重要意义。国家自然科学基金(21522508);;浙江省重点研发计划(2017C03002,2018C03077

CT评价经皮左室分区术对心尖部室壁瘤形成的缺血性心肌病患者心功能的影响

心尖部室壁瘤是临床上常见的疾病,发病早期如果得不到及时有效的治疗,将会引起心力衰竭、心脏破裂、缺血性心肌病及栓塞等并发症,主要是由于冠状动脉粥样硬化引起的心肌梗死造成[1]。文献[2,3]报道显示:部分冠状动脉正常患者也可以引发心肌梗死后室壁瘤。数据报道显示[4,5]:每年全球约有1 700万人死于心血管疾病,并且一半以上死于急性心肌梗死,对于存活患者液容易演变为慢性心力衰竭。目前