MOLECULAR GENETIC STUDY ON THE PEDIGREE OF HYBRID STRAIN AS2796 OF AGARICUS BISPORUS

应用PCR和凝胶电泳等技术，对双孢蘑菇杂交菌株As2796及其亲本和子代作分子遗传标记跟踪分析，结果如下: 1) 总DNA的RAPD分析表明，随着遗传代数的增加，杂种子代和出发异核体亲本间的遗传差异逐渐增大; 2) mtDNA的酶切图谱表明，亲本8213及其杂交子代具有相同的基因型，表明双孢蘑菇的mtDNA呈单亲遗传; 3) Est同工酶的PAGE图谱表明， 结合了亲本02高产特征和8213优质特征的杂交子代具有两个亲本的标记带型，证明Est同工酶标记是双孢蘑菇新菌株特性预测或鉴定的有效指标。The pedigree of the hybrid A.bisporus strain As2796 was analyzed through molecular genetic markers tracking. The results were as follows: 1)RAPD analysis of total DNA showed that with the addition of the number of genetic generations， the genetic differences between hybrid offspring and their original heterokaryotic parents increased. 2)The patterns of mtDNA digested by endonucleases showed that the hybrid offspring had the same mitochondrial genotype as the parent 8213， indicating that the mtDNA of A.bisporus was inherited from one of the parents. 3)PAGE patterns of esterase isozyme(Est) showed that the hybrid offsprings which combined both the characteristic of high yield of parent 02 and good quality of 8213 had the same marked bands of their parents. The Est isozyme marker was found to be an effective index of new strains' characteristic prediction or determination of A.bisporus.福建省自然科学基金重点资助项目!（C9820005

Flowering Phenology of East Xue Trail of Xue Mountain

高山植物的開花物候受限於惡劣的生育環境，長期以來為研究氣候變遷的重要題材。本研究於雪山雪東線步道，自海拔2,140 m登山口至海拔3,886 m雪山主峰沿線，包括中、高海拔生態系，橫跨高山植群帶、冷杉林帶、鐵杉雲杉林帶，以及櫟林帶上層等4個植群帶。由2012年3月起至同年12月止，每月觀察記錄步道兩旁種子植物之開花物候，提供保育及氣候變遷之訊息。共記錄45科125屬172種維管束植物，主要物種以菊科、薔薇科及杜鵑花科等3科種數最優勢。研究區內花期自3月開始，夏季6－7月為花期高峰，11月多數物種花期結束進入休眠狀態，至12月已無植物開花。雪山雪東線沿線植物的開花物候與氣溫呈顯著相關，反映氣溫是高山植物開花重要的限制因子。4個植群帶的逐月開花物候的種數模式相近，花期高峰皆在6－7月；其中，高山植群帶植物花期最短，自4月起至10月止，可能反映亞寒帶的氣溫相對較低，熱量累積較緩慢而致使植物之開花物候期程相對較短。本區物種花期的長度1－9個月不等，多數物種花期長2－3個月，其中多數大喬木的花期較短，約1－2個月。於生長季早期開花者有菫菜科、松科、楊柳科等，花期約在4－5月；於生長季晚期開花者有菊科、龍膽科、蓼科等，其花期多在8－9月。不同生長型中喬木、灌木植物花期較草本植物提早，推測其植株較高大可截取較多陽光有關。海拔廣泛分布的物種，分布於較低海拔的個體通常較高海拔者花期提早，花期開始時間延後1－4個月，少數種類如臺灣鬼督郵和一枝黃花則有提早現象。不同種類之花候差異可能與物種遺傳特性與熱量累積、以及環境的溫度變化及生育地異質性等有關。This study is focus on flowering phenology of vascular plants in the East Xue Trail of Xue Mountain. The total observed 172 species belong to 125 genera and 45 families. The elevation of the study area was 2,140 to 3,886 m, belongs to cold harsh climate. Amount the observed species, the most dominant families were Compositae, Rosaceae and Ericaceae. Plant growth and reproduction was strictly controlled by the environment condition, the observed duration was between March to December 2012. The flowering period was from March to November, with a peak in June to July. Flowering phenology pattern was followed with the change of temperature in the study area. Due to Alpine vegetation zone at the highest altitude had the lowest temperature, the flowering duration of plants at community level was shortest. Flowering duration ranging from 1-9 months, most specieswas 2-3 months, however, tree species had relatively shorter flowering period. Violaceae, Pinaceae and Salicaceae Species usually blooming centralized in April to May in early growing season. On the other hand, Compositae, Gentianaceae and Polygonaceae species often flowering in the late growing season in August to September. Trees and shrubs usually bloom earlier than herbs. Most species which the individuals grew in low altitude area blooming earlier about 1 to 4 months than those in high altitude. Otherwise, few species such as Solidago virgaurea and Ainsliaea latifolia ssp. henryi were flowering earlier at high altitude area than the lower ones. The flowering phenology differentiation of each species was influenced by genetic and environment heterogenetics

GaNAs/GaAs量子阱的静压光致发光研究

在15K和0-9GPa静压范围下测量了GaN0.015As0.985/GaAs量子阱的光致发光谱。观察到了GaNAs阱和GaAs垒的发光，发现GaNAs阱发光峰随压力的变化比GaAs垒发光峰要小很多。当压力超过2.5GPa后还观察到了与GaAs中的N等电子陷阱有关的一组新发光峰。用二能级模型及测得的GaAs带边和N等电子能级的压力行为计算了GaNAs发光峰随压力的变化，但计算结果与实验结果相差甚大，表明二能级模型并不安全适用。对观察到的GaNAs发光峰的强度和半宽随压力的变化也进行了简短讨论

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies