厦门大学“化学学科拔尖学生培养试验计划”的探索与实践

全面介绍了厦门大学化学学科拔尖学生培养试验计划的探索与实施,包括:目标定位、生源遴选、导师配备、课程体系、科研训练、管理机制和实施成效等。厦门大学化学拔尖学生培养试验计

Hidden Intermediate State and Second Pathway Determining Folding and Unfolding Dynamics of GB1 Protein at Low Forces

厦门大学物理学系陈虎教授与吴晨旭教授，在蛋白质折叠与去折叠动力学方面取得新的研究进展，发现典型的两态模型蛋白质GB1在折叠去折叠过程中会经过一个不稳定的隐藏中间态，并且在自然状态与这个中间态之间存在两条不同的转变路径。 厦门大学物理系博士生郭子龙是文章第一作者，陈虎和吴晨旭老师为通讯作者，南京大学曹毅教授和王炜教授在样品制备方面和实验设计方面做出重要贡献。【Abstract】Atomic force microscopy experiments found that GB1, a typical two-state model protein used for study of folding and unfolding dynamics, can sustain forces of more than 100 pN, but its response to low forces still remains unclear. Using ultrastable magnetic tweezers, we discovered that GB1 has an unexpected nonmonotonic force-dependent unfolding rate at 5–160 pN, from which a free energy landscape with two main barriers and a hidden intermediate state was constructed. A model combining two separate models by Dudko et al. with two pathways between the native state and this intermediate state is proposed to rebuild the unfolding dynamics over the full experimental force range. One candidate of this transient intermediate state is the theoretically proposed molten globule state with a loosely collapsed conformation, which might exist universally in the folding and unfolding processes of two-state proteins.This research was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 11874309, No. 11474237, and No. 11574310 to H. C.) and the 111 Project (B16029)

The Problem and Strategies of Ecological Environment Based on Sustainable Development

【中文文摘】探讨了与生态环境相关的几个问题：大气污染、水资源短缺和水污染、近年来多发的“水华”、“赤潮”等水的富营养化问题以及乡镇企业对环境的影响，并提出了基于可持续发展的防治对策． 【英文文摘】Some problems with urban ecological environment are studied. Pollution of the environment includes air pollution, water shortage and pollution, water eutrophication. The pollution control measures are discussed

天然气水合物分解超孔隙压力研究

针对海洋油气资源开采和海洋工程施工过程中天然气水合物分解所引发的工程风险问题,展开了天然气水合物分解超孔隙压力理论模型研究。研究中采用理论解析方法,基于水合物分解前后的相态模型和热力学中的通用气体定律,推导了水合物分解导致的沉积物体积膨胀模型,进一步采用土力学中土体的压缩和回弹特性,最终获得了水合物分解超孔隙压力理论解析模型。采用典型的海底滑坡工程案例,验证了模型的合理性与正确性,并针对模型中复杂的影响参数展开参数考察,获得了不同参数的影响效应。研究对认识水合物分解产生的超孔隙压力的演变机理,保证水合物的储层稳定性,规避水合物分解带来的工程灾害具有重要的理论价值和现实意义

an approach for evaluating and improving blindness of steganalysis

现有隐写分析系统通常假定隐写算法及其配置已知,但该条件在实际的应用环境中很难满足。实际上,不同的隐写分析系统对未知隐写算法和配置有不同的适用性。将该适用性定义为盲性并在隐写系统概率模型的基础上给出一种具体的评价指标,分析提高盲性的方法,包括特征的融合优选和决策层的融合。实验表明,提出的指标能够有效指示隐写分析系统对具体隐写系统的适用性,所提方法确实提高了盲性。国家自然科学基金项目(61170281)|北京市自然科学基金项目(4112063)|中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA06030600)|中国科学院信息工程研究所内部项目(Y1Z0041101)Existing steganalysis systems are usually assumed that their target steganography and configurations are known.However,this assumption does not hold in actual implementation.The adaptability of different steganalysis systems varies during the detection of different steganographic algorithms with different configurations.In this paper,we define such applicability as the blindness and create a specific evaluation criterion based on the probability model for steganographic systems,and analyse the way to improve the blindness including the features fusion and optimisation as well as the decision level fusion.Experimental results show that,our criterion is effective in indicating the adaptabilities of steganalysis system on specific steganographic system,and the proposed schemes do have raised the blindness

Survey on standardized testing platform of psychological experiment based on Cognitive Atlas

当前精神障碍的诊断评估主要依赖于心理筛查量表和医生诊断,而很多精神障碍的临床表现比较复杂,且具有相似的外显临床症状,难以依靠现有测量方法从内在机制上进行精准区分.我们调研了国内外现有的心理实验测试任务集,分析并比较现有任务集的特征及优劣势,发现基于认知图谱构建心理实验标准化测试任务库,搭建网络和移动多种施测平台,有助于采集大规模的心理特征结构化数据.这些任务可用于构建客观、高效、可靠的精神障碍量化评估工具、指标和模型,以期对多重精神障碍进行多维度心理特征的量化评估,应用于复杂精神障碍进行精准分类,服务于精准医疗.更重要的是,标准化测试平台也将有助于正常人群认知行为测量,增强心理测试的标准性和可比性.</p

稀有鮈鲫脑芳香化酶cDNA片段的克隆与表达分析

芳香化酶(P450arom)是雌激素合成过程中的关键酶,在性别分化中起重要作用。鱼类存在卵巢性和脑型两种芳香化酶,分别由Cyp19a和Cyp19b编码。稀有鮈鲫作为我国特有的实验动物,尚无其芳香化酶的有关资料,其性别分化机制亦不清楚。本研究采用RT-PCR的方法以简并引物扩增了稀有鮈鲫脑型芳香化酶基因Cyp19b的部分序列,其长度为1070bp,编码357个氨基酸残基,具有典型的芳香化酶结构域。RT-PCR分析发现该基因主要在稀有鮈鲫的脑中表达,在性腺、肠、肾中也有表达;其在雌、雄脑中的表达差异不显著。