BIOSORPTION OF PRECIOUS AND HEAVY METALS*

The biosorption of metals has already attracted a great deal of attention because of its application potential in environment protection and removal or recovery of precious and heavy metals. The research activities about biosorption of precious and heavy metal ions by the biosorbent, the biomass of microorganisms, plants and animals for deriving, was described in this paper. The mechanisms of biosorption were also reviewed. Ref 33国家自然科学基金资助项目 (No .2 98760 2 6)~

微生物吸附贵金属的研究与应用

概述了微生物吸附回收金、银、铂、钯等贵金属的研究进展 ,微生物吸附贵金属的机理 ,生物吸附技术在贵金属回收等方面的应用及前景。国家自然科学基金资助项目 (No 2 974 30 0 1 ,2 9876 0 2 6 )~

Influence of Different Enzyme Preparation on Premature Yeast Flocculation activity of PYF Factor from Malt

选取2种不同复合酶制剂,采用乙醇沉淀法提取出麦芽中PYF因子,通过模拟糖化条件及添加不同酶量来考察外加酶是否对PYF因子具有水解能力。结果发现,与对照组PYF活力值(F=78.79)相比,不同添加量的2种复合酶与PYF因子作用后PYF活力值没有发生显著变化(P>0.05),即PYF因子是一种结构特殊、复合酶不能水解的多糖大分子。Through simulating saccharification condition and adding different enzyme amount,the hydrolysis abilities of 2 different kinds of enzyme preparation on PYF factor,which was extracted from malt by ethanol precipitation, were measured and compared.The results showed that compared with the PYF activity value(F=78.79) of control group,PYF activity value didn't change significantly(P>0.05)after 2 kinds of enzyme with different adding amounts acted with PYF factor,namely that PYF factor was a kind of polysaccharide with a higher molecular weight and special structure and couldn't be hydrolyzed by enzyme

Study on Chemical Mutation of Selected Strain of Saccharomyces Carlsbergensis FB

通过EMS诱变,从啤酒酿造生产菌株啤酒酵母(Saccharomyces carlsbergensis)FB中筛选分离得到一株发酵液中双乙酰含量优于亲株的新菌株FB-E1。以120Bx麦芽汁为培养基,用内装300ml麦芽汁的500ml三角瓶于12℃下发酵,发酵8d后发酵液中双乙酰含量比亲株降低了42.7%。该菌株的其它发酵性能的测定结果表明其保持了亲株的优良性状,且遗传性状稳定。After mutation with EMS (ethyl methane sulfonate), a Saccharomyces carlsbergensis strain FB-E1 was selected fromoriginal strain FB, a strain for beer brewage production. The diacetyl content in the fermented liquid during the fermentation wasinvestigated in 500ml flask with 300ml 120Bx wort at 11℃. After 8d, the diacetyl content in the fermented liquid of FB-E1 was0.0706mg/L, 42.7% lower than that of its original strain A (0.1233mg/L). The results showed that flocculence and fermentationrate of strain FB-E1 were kept just as good as the original strain FB

细菌还原Au--(3+)制备金催化剂的研究

从不同来源的细菌菌株筛选获得一株吸附还原Au3＋较强的菌株d01，经鉴定为巨大芽孢杆菌（bACIluSMEgATHErIuM）d01。菌株d01在Au3＋浓度600Mg/l下仍能较好生长。从电化学反应表明，该菌具有较强的还原力，它能将金催化剂的前驱体Au3＋/αfE2O3还原成具有催化CO＋O2→CO2的高分散度的Au0/αfE2O3催化剂国家自然科学基金;固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室资

微生物还原制备高分散度负载型钯催化剂

用地衣形芽孢杆菌 ( Bacillus licheniformis) R0 8菌体还原、制备高分散度负载型钯催化剂。透射电镜观察表明 ,R0 8菌体能够吸附还原 Pd2 +成 Pd0 颗粒。IR谱分析发现 ,细胞壁上的 - COO- 和 - HPO42 - 基团可能与菌体吸附 Pd2 +的过程有关。XPS测定结果表明 ,在载体 γ- Al2 O3上的 Pd2 +离子被 R0 8菌体还原成 Pd0。所形成的 Pd0 γ- Al2 O3催化剂经加热处理后 ,载体 γ- Al2 O3上的 Pd0 颗粒高度分散 ,其平均粒径为 5nm。该催化剂能够高效地催化一氧化碳的氧化反应

光动力学方法（PDT）治疗多形性腺瘤恶变一例报告

多形性腺瘤恶变采用PdT治疗国内尚未见报道。我科1988年治愈一例，存活至今已7年未复发。患者张xx，女，30岁，1985年右上唇颊沟长一肿物，在某地区医院手术切除三次复发。1987年7月21日我科收住院。入院检查：全身情况营养较差，消瘦、肝功gPT..

掺铒氟化物玻璃ZBLALip光谱性质和Judd-Ofelt理论分析

测量了常温下,Er3+离子在氟化物玻璃ZBLALip中的吸收光谱和荧光寿命;应用Judd-Ofelt理论计算了Er3+离子的谱线强度、自发辐射几率A、荧光分支比β和辐射寿命τrad等光谱参量,并拟合了相应的强度参数Ωt(t=2,4,6),分别为Ω2=2.80×10-20 cm2,Ω4=0.95×10-20 cm2,Ω6=0.94×10-20 cm2;利用McCumber理论计算了能级4I13/2→4I15/2跃迁的受激发射截面σem;通过计算发现,该材料的量子效率较高,达到90%,可成为新的激光材料,为拉制高Q值的光学介质微球腔提供了参考

Study on the Reduction of Supported Noble Metal Ions Using Bacteria

负载型贵金属离子细菌还原的探索研究傅锦坤于新生林种玉胡荣宗（固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室厦门大学化学系厦门361005）刘月英姚炳新翁绳周（厦门大学生物学系厦门361005）生物化学法制备高分散度贵金属（rH、PT、Pd、Ag、Au）催化剂的研究中...The Gram positive bacteria strain D01 selected From various samples, are possessed of the stronger reducing ability. Its culture was easy. Supported Rh 3+ , Pt 4+ , Pd 2+ , A + g, Au 3+ could be adsorbed and reduced by this bacteria.The results obtained by IR techniques shown that there was the biochemistry action between the bacteria and the noble metal ions. Using the cyclic voltammograph method indicated that the reducing ability of the bacteria were stronger. XPS experiments Further indicated above noble ions could be reduced by this bacteria with diFFerent degree, the reduction did not be inFluenced by the kinds of noble metal ions and supports. The results shown that the properties of redox of above noble metal ions For electron transFer were the same. The preparation of Au catalyst with high dispersion ( Au 0 For nanometer particles ) on (Fe 2O 3)was also studied.国家自然科学基金（风险基金）;固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室基

Spectroscopic Characterization on Interaction of Gold (Au ~(3+)) Biosorption by Bacillus megaterium D01

对休眠的巨大芽孢杆菌 (Bacillusmegatherium)D0 1菌体吸附Au3 + 的作用过程进行了谱学表征 .运用AAS考察了pH、时间和温度对D0 1菌体吸附Au3 + 过程的化学动力学和热力学相关参数的影响 .D0 1菌粉中硫元素含量的EDX分析说明该菌体中对Au3 + 具有还原作用的L 半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸的含量极少 ;D0 1菌体水解后葡萄糖含量的UV vis测定说明该菌体水解产物中含有一定量的还原糖 .空白的和吸附Au3 + 的D0 1菌体的FTIR检测表明该菌体细胞壁肽聚糖层糖类化合物的羟基和肽链侧链氨基酸残基离子化羧基为吸附Au3 + 的活性基团 ;肽聚糖层部分多糖的水解产物低聚糖、二糖及单糖等还原糖的半缩醛羟基游离态醛基为电子供体 ,将Au3 + 原位还原成Au0 .葡萄糖和Au3 + 相互作用的XRD和FTIR表征证明Au3 + 是在还原糖的醛基上直接被还原成Au0Biosorptive interaction of gold with resting cell of Bacillus megatherium D01 biomass has been characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The effects of pH, time and temperature on the correlation parameters of chemical kinetics and thermodynamics of the binding reaction has been investigated through the determination of the gold ion binding to the biomass using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The analysis for sulfur content in dry powder of the D01 biomass by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) shows that cysteine and methionine being capable of reducing Au 3+ to Au0 is very small, whereas the glucose content in hydrolysates of the biomass analyzed by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis) indicates that the amount of the reducing sugars in the biomass is much larger than 3.33%. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy on blank and gold-loaded biomass demonstrates that the active groups such as the hydroxyl group of saccharides and the ionized carboxyl group of amino acid residues on the cell wall seem to be the sites for Au 3+ binding, and the free aldehyde group of the hemiacetalic hydroxyl group from reducing sugars, i.e. the hydrolysates of the polysaccharides, serving as the electron donor, in situ reduces the Au 3+ to Au0. X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD) and FTIR spectroscopic characterizations of the interaction of Au 3+ with glucose confirm that the reduction of Au 3+ to Au0 can directly occur in the aldehyde group of the reducing sugars