Valve Teratology of Two Marine Diatoms Under the Artificial Culture: Forms and Potential Mechanism

硅藻的细胞壁由一层硅质组成，分为上下两个壳面，具有种间特异性的花纹，是硅藻分类学的重要依据。硅质壳的外形及花纹通常具有规则性的轮廓及排列方式。如果处于环境胁迫下，硅藻硅质壳的轮廓和花纹就可能发生改变，称之为硅藻的形态畸变。这些畸变有时很轻微，畸变增加了形态分类学的难度。一般的畸变形式表现在壳面的整体轮廓改变，也可能发生在壳面的孔纹、壳缝及各种附属结构上。导致硅质壳畸变的原因有多种,其中长期的人工培养可以造成高比例的硅藻畸变。 本文依托国家自然科学基金项目“海洋硅藻硅质壳变形的特征与生态学机制”，对人工培养条件下的牡蛎海氏藻Hasleaostrearia和奇异棍形藻Baciliariapara...Diatom cell wall is composed of a layer of silicon, formed by the epitheca and hypotheca, the species-specific shape and ornamentation of the silicon cell wall is an important basis of diatom taxonomy. The outline of the shape and pattern of the striation have typical rules, but if exposed to different kinds of stress during reproductive processes, the cell outline and striation pattern of diatoms...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院_水生生物学学号：2162011115237

Tourist Consumer Behavior and Sustainable Development of the National Forest Park

近年来，中国森林公园迅速发展，在促进国际交流、拉动经济增长、扩大就业门路、增加国民收入等方面做出了突出贡献，并凸显了强劲的发展潜力。目前在森林公园可持续发展研究中，国内学术界偏重于对客体资源的研究，对旅游者消费行为规律研究理论和方法较少，而进行实地调查，系统性地研究游客消费行为与森林公园可持续发展的关系则非常少。尤其是，把旅游消费前的决策、消费活动过程中及消费结束后整个过程作为一个整体来进行研究的更少，大部分研究是将其中某一个过程片断或片面地作为单独的研究对象。通过游客消费活动，把管理者、经营者和旅游者有机联系起来，是促进旅游发展的内在动力，因此对游客消费行为的研究，有助于把握游客消费行为的变...In recent years, the rapid development of China's forest parks in promoting international exchange and stimulate economic growth, expanding employment opportunities, increase national income and so on have made outstanding contributions, and highlights the strong potential for development. Forest Park is currently in the study on sustainable development, the domestic academic emphasis on the study...学位：管理学硕士院系专业：管理学院旅游系_区域经济学学号：X200633002

由“二次打击”到“多重打击”:发病机制的演变带给非酒精性脂肪性肝病的治疗启示

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的全球患病率持续上升,与其密切相关的糖尿病、代谢综合征,以及由此产生的医疗负担也在同步增加. NAFLD的发病机制非常复杂,至今仍未彻底阐明,因而缺乏有效的治疗方案.近年来的研究结果逐渐超越和补充了经典的"二次打击"学说,出现了"多重打击"学说并逐渐被接受.其中对细胞、分子机制,环境与遗传因素相互作用的研究,揭示出NAFLD发病机制中众多的关键靶点,为NAFLD的诊断标志物和靶向治疗药物研发提供了多维方向.本文将从多个角度对NAFLD发病机制的最新进展作一阐述,分析和评估基于此开发其诊断标志物及治疗靶点的前景.陕西省科技厅重点研发计划,No.2017SF-274~

Studies on the Mechanism of Variations of Hybrids of Domesticated Silkworm and Eri Silkworm ——RAPD Analysis of Genome

采用24种随机引物，对以蓖麻蚕精子进行人工授精得到的家蚕后代中的3个稳定变异品系及其亲本的基因组进行了rAPd检测，结果显示，在变异品系的rAPd图谱中，不仅存在大量与母本相同的“亲本带”，同时还出现了不同数量与母本不同的“变异带”，包括“非亲本带”、“缺失带”及个别仅与父本相同的“目的带”，从分子水平上揭示了变异品系存在着明显的“偏母性”与“变异性”特点。Twenty-Four random primers were used to analyze the genomes of three descendant strains with steady hereditable variation produced Form domesticated silkworm by artiFicial insemination with sperms of eri silkworm.The results show that in the RAPD patterns there are many ampliFied bands called“ parental bands”which are similar to those of the Female parent.At the same time, there appears varied amount of ampliFied bands called “variant bands” that are diFFerent From those of the Female parent.The variant bands include non-parental-bands, lost-bands and several “expected-bands” which only shared with the male parent.This research reveals the signiFicant matrocliny and variation in the descendant strains at the molecular level.国家自然科学基

RAPD Analysis of Hereditary and Variation of Domesticated Silkworm Generated by Introduction of Eri Silkworm DNA

借助于精子介导，在家蚕受精的过程中将蓖麻蚕dnA转入家蚕卵内，从它们后代获得了新的变异品系。本文采用rAPd技术对这些品系基因组dnA进行了分析。结果表明，所用50种10MEr随机引物中有49个检测出dnA的多态性，统计分析图谱中各类扩增带，其中变异品系与其相应受体的差异带占其总带数的26~37%，提示外源dnA导入受体后引起后代基因组的显著变异，并对这些变异的意义进行了讨论。With the aid of domesticated silkworm sperms, eri silkworm DNA was transFerred into domesticated silkworm eggs during insemination, and variant strains were obtained From the progenies.Genomes of three new strains were analyzed using RAPD assay.Polymorphic Fingerprints were obtained From 49 out of 50 primers.DiFFerent kinds of ampliFied bands in RAPD patterns were calculated and analyzed, the variant bands between variants and their recipients counted For 26～37% of the total bands of each variant.The results indicated that exogenous DNA introduced into recipients induced remarkable variation in progeny genomes.The signiFicance of the variation was discussed.国家自然科学基

Spatial sampling method for crop acreage based on remote sensing in hilly area in Minhou County,Fujian Province

以福建闽侯县作为研究区,采用传统抽样(简单随机抽样、系统抽样、分层抽样); 、空间抽样(空间随机抽样、空间系统抽样、空间分层抽样)等方法对研究区农作物种植面积进行样本抽选、总体推算及误差估计,结果表明: 1 500; m*1 500; m格网为最优抽样单元尺寸,空间分层抽样方法的相对误差为3.86%,变异系数为6.03%,抽样成本为6.03,抽样效率高.与传统抽样方法相比,空间; 抽样方法显著减少样本容量,节约调查成本.Traditional sampling methods of simple random sampling,systematic; sampling,stratified sampling,and spatial sampling methods of spatial; random sampling,spatial system sampling and spatial stratified sampling; were applied to conduct sample extraction,population extrapolation and; error estimation in crop acreage in Minhou County. The results showed; that spatial stratified sampling had the highest sampling efficiency; with 1 500 m*1 500 m square grid as the optimal sampling unit size. And; relative error,variation coefficient and sampling cost was 3.86%,6.03%; and 6.03,respectively. Compared to traditional sampling method,spatial; sampling method significantly reduced sampling size and saved cost.全国统计科学研究项

福建省闽侯县区域农作物种植面积的空间抽样方案

基于国产GF-1号卫星影像农作物空间分布数据,以正方形网格作为抽样单元形状,综合应用遥感技术、空间抽样方法、模拟退火算法及空间自相关理论,对福建省闽侯县农作物种植面积进行估算.结果表明:根据全局自相关指数Moran’s I及其显著性指标Z Score,选取1 500 m×1 500 m作为最优单元尺寸;对研究区进行剖分,构建抽样框,对比空间随机抽样、空间系统抽样及空间分层抽样的抽样结果,空间分层抽样方法的样本容量为37,相对误差为3.86%,抽样效率最高;运用模拟退火优化算法规划野外调查的最优路径,确定空间抽样调查方案.全国统计科学研究资助项目(2015LZ18

丙二酸二甲酯均相催化加氢合成3-羟基丙酸甲酯的研究

本文以乙酰丙酮钌和膦胺配体作为催化剂体系,用于催化丙二酸二甲酯加氢制3-羟基丙酸甲酯.围绕催化反应性能,系统探讨了配体结构和用量、温度、时间以及溶剂等对丙二酸二甲酯转化率和3-羟基丙酸甲酯产率的影响.研究发现,乙酰丙酮钌和o-二苯基膦苯胺构成的催化剂体系在合适反应条件下可以有效催化丙二酸二甲酯选择性加氢制3-羟基丙酸甲酯.在优化的反应条件下,这一催化剂体系也可以催化多种不同结构酯类分子加氢制醇

炎症性肠病的治疗与管理进展

炎症性肠病(IBD)是一类具有终生复发倾向的肠道慢性炎症性疾病,需要长期用药,且费用昂贵。本文结合最新IBD的治疗与管理研究进展,从几个关键点出发,涉及IBD的5-氨基水杨酸(5-ASA)的优化治疗方案、生物制剂与免疫调节治疗方案、心理治疗方案、肠道菌群治疗方案、以及IBD管理中的5S原则,旨在增强基层医师对IBD的认识,提高基层医师对IBD的治疗与管理水平。陕西省普通高等学校优势学科建设项目(陕教位[2014]3号

Theoretical Study of Substituent Effects on Bond Dissociation Enthalpies in Lignite Model Compounds

为了探究褐煤热解过程中氧桥键C—O均裂这一重要反应,选取α-O-4和β-O-4类结构单元作为褐煤模型化合物,运用不同密度泛函计算了部分模型化合物中C—O的离解焓,并以CbS-Qb3作为理论基准值进行比较,最后选取M05-2X进行离解焓计算.结果显示,对于选定的α-O-4和β-O-4类模型化合物,其平均离解焓分别为51.0 kCAl/MOl和66.1 kCAl/MOl.周围取代环境能显著影响C—O离解焓,芳环上存在给电子基团(OH,OCH3和CH3)能降低C—O离解焓,而吸电子基团COOH则能增加其离解焓.然后深层次分析了取代基效应对C—O离解焓的影响.此外,分子内氢键的形成对离解焓也有很大的影响.C—O的离解焓与其键长没有特定的相关性,不能简单的通过C—O键长来预测其离解焓.Lignite is an abundant natural resource that is a potential source of clean fuel and value-added chemicals.The mechanisms by which thermal and catalytic treatments deconstruct lignite remain elusive,which is where quantum mechani-cal calculations can offer fundamental insights.In order to investigate the cleavage of C—O bridge bond,which is the critical step in the thermal decomposition of lignite,the α-O-4 and β-O-4 types of structural units are selected as lignite model com-pounds to calculate the C—O bond dissociation enthalpies using several kinds of density functional theory methods(B3PW91,B3P86,PBE1PBE,BMK,M06-2X and M05-2X) at 6-31+G(d,p) level.By the comparison between the results and the theoretical benchmark values provided by CBS-QB3 method,M05-2X functional was applied for the calculations on C—O bond dissociation enthalpies.The present results indicate that the C—O average bond dissociation enthalpies are 51.0 kcal/mol and 66.1 kcal/mol for the α-O-4 and β-O-4 types of model compounds,respectively.Local substituents have a great withdrawing groups such as carboxyl group.Then the substituent effects are deeply analyzed on the basis of the ground-state effect on the C—O bond dissociation enthalpies,the C—O bond dissociation enthalpies will decrease when the adjacent arene rings are substituted by electron donating groups(OH,OCH3 and CH3),while the results are opposite for the electron effect and radical effect.An electron donating group can stabilize the phenoxy radicals(radical effect),however,an electron withdrawing group has the opposite effect.In most cases,the radical effect is more important than the ground-state effect.Furthermore,there is a negligible correlation between the C—O bond distances and strengths,and the C—O bond dissocia-tion enthalpies cannot be predicted so easily.Interestingly,the C—O bond dissociation enthalpies can be significantly influ-enced by the intramolecular hydrogen bond,if the intramolecular hydrogen bond still exists after the cleavage of the C—O bond,the bond dissociation enthalpies will be lower.国家重点基础研究发展计划(No.2012CB214901); 国家自然科学基金(No.51274197)资助~