User Driven Model Adjustment via Boolean Rule Explanations

AI solutions are heavily dependant on the quality and accuracy of the input training data, however the training data may not always fully reflect the most up-to-date policy landscape or may be missing business logic. The advances in explainability have opened the possibility of allowing users to interact with interpretable explanations of ML predictions in order to inject modifications or constraints that more accurately reflect current realities of the system. In this paper, we present a solution which leverages the predictive power of ML models while allowing the user to specify modifications to decision boundaries. Our interactive overlay approach achieves this goal without requiring model retraining, making it appropriate for systems that need to apply instant changes to their decision making. We demonstrate that user feedback rules can be layered with the ML predictions to provide immediate changes which in turn supports learning with less data

Box-Cox Regression Method in Time Scaling

Hata terimi ile bağımlı değişkenin süreklilik ve normal dağılma varsayımıbozulduğu durumlarda λj, j = 1, 2, ..., k, kuvvet dönüşümü ile tanımlanan Box-Coxregresyon yöntemi kullanılmaktadır. Y'ler üzerindeki λj, j = 1, 2, ..., k, kuvvetdönüşümünün hangi λj değerinde Hata Kareler Toplamı (HKT)' nı minimum yaptığıdurum ele alınmaktadır. Box-Cox regresyon yöntemi, regresyon fonksiyonunundoğrusal olmayan durumu, sabit olmayan hata varyansları ve hata terimlerinindağılışlarının çarpıklığını düzeltmek için Y'nin üzerinde dönüşüm yapılması açısındanoldukça uygundur. Bu çalışmada fark ve diferansiyel analizin birlikte ele alındığızaman skalası türev kavramı kullanılarak Box-Cox regresyon yöntemi kullanmanınavantaj ve dezavantajları incelenmiştir. Box-Cox regression method with λj, for j = 1, 2, ..., k, power transformation can beused when dependent variable and error term of the linear regression model do notsatisfy the continuity and normality assumptions. The situation obtaining the smallestmean square error when optimum power λj, transformation for j = 1, 2, ..., k, of Y hasbeen discussed. Box-Cox regression method is especially appropriate to adjustexistence skewness or heteroscedasticity of error terms for a nonlinear functionalrelationship between dependent and explanatory variables. In this study, the advantageand disadvantage use of Box-Cox regression method have been discussed indifferentiation and differantial analysis of time scale concept

ISL1 is a major susceptibility gene for classic bladder exstrophy and a regulator of urinary tract development.

Previously genome-wide association methods in patients with classic bladder exstrophy (CBE) found association with ISL1, a master control gene expressed in pericloacal mesenchyme. This study sought to further explore the genetics in a larger set of patients following-up on the most promising genomic regions previously reported. Genotypes of 12 markers obtained from 268 CBE patients of Australian, British, German Italian, Spanish and Swedish origin and 1,354 ethnically matched controls and from 92 CBE case-parent trios from North America were analysed. Only marker rs6874700 at the ISL1 locus showed association (p = 2.22 × 10-08). A meta-analysis of rs6874700 of our previous and present study showed a p value of 9.2 × 10-19. Developmental biology models were used to clarify the location of ISL1 activity in the forming urinary tract. Genetic lineage analysis of Isl1-expressing cells by the lineage tracer mouse model showed Isl1-expressing cells in the urinary tract of mouse embryos at E10.5 and distributed in the bladder at E15.5. Expression of isl1 in zebrafish larvae staged 48 hpf was detected in a small region of the developing pronephros. Our study supports ISL1 as a major susceptibility gene for CBE and as a regulator of urinary tract development

Bi-allelic variants in CELSR3 are implicated in central nervous system and urinary tract anomalies

CELSR3 codes for a planar cell polarity protein. We describe twelve affected individuals from eleven independent families with bi-allelic variants in CELSR3. Affected individuals presented with an overlapping phenotypic spectrum comprising central nervous system (CNS) anomalies (7/12), combined CNS anomalies and congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) (3/12) and CAKUT only (2/12). Computational simulation of the 3D protein structure suggests the position of the identified variants to be implicated in penetrance and phenotype expression. CELSR3 immunolocalization in human embryonic urinary tract and transient suppression and rescue experiments of Celsr3 in fluorescent zebrafish reporter lines further support an embryonic role of CELSR3 in CNS and urinary tract formation.</p

Bi-allelic variants in CELSR3 are implicated in central nervous system and urinary tract anomalies

CELSR3 codes for a planar cell polarity protein. We describe twelve affected individuals from eleven independent families with bi-allelic variants in CELSR3. Affected individuals presented with an overlapping phenotypic spectrum comprising central nervous system (CNS) anomalies (7/12), combined CNS anomalies and congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) (3/12) and CAKUT only (2/12). Computational simulation of the 3D protein structure suggests the position of the identified variants to be implicated in penetrance and phenotype expression. CELSR3 immunolocalization in human embryonic urinary tract and transient suppression and rescue experiments of Celsr3 in fluorescent zebrafish reporter lines further support an embryonic role of CELSR3 in CNS and urinary tract formation.</p

An application of the dollar and gold prices in Turkey with multivariable setar model

Kendinden uyarımlı eşiksel otoregresif (SETAR [Self-exciting threshold autoregressive]) model, doğrusal olmayan zaman serisi modellerinden biridir. Model, bir zaman serisinin kendi geçmiş değerlerinden etkilenerek farklı rejimlerde farklı doğrusal otoregresif süreçlere sahip olmasını ifade etmektedir. Tsay (1998), çalışmasında tek değişkenli kendinden uyarımlı eşiksel otoregresif süreci çok değişkenli yapı için genişletmiştir. Bu çalışmada, çok değişkenli kendinden uyarımlı eşiksel otoregresif model uygulaması için TL cinsinden günlük Dolar (USD) kuru ve altın fiyatları serisi kullanılmıştır. Altın fiyatları serisi gösterge değişken olarak alınıp çok değişkenli SETAR model oluşturulmuş ve modelin performansını değerlendirmek üzere modelden öngörüler elde edilmiştir Yapılan çalışmada, altın fiyatlarının gösterge değişken olarak alındığı çok değişkenli Dolar ve altın fiyatları modelinden elde edilen öngörüler serilerin gözlenen değerleri ile yakın bir seyir izlemektedir. Buna göre kurulan modelin öngörü yapmak için uygun olduğu söylenebilir. Elde edilen çok değişkenli SETAR modele göre, Türkiye piyasasında altın ve Dolar fiyatlarının birbirini etkilediği ve birlikte modellenebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.Self-exciting threshold autoregressive (SETAR) model is one of the non-linear time series models. The model represents that a time series which is influenced by its own past values, has different regimes in different linear autoregressive processes. Tsay (1998) extends the univariate self-exciting threshold autoregressive process for multivariate structure in his study. In this study, daily exchange rate of dollar (USD) and gold prices series in TL are used for multivariate self-exciting threshold autoregressive model application. Gold prices series has been taken as indicator variable and multivariate SETAR model has been created. Then, predictions have been obtained from the model to evaluate performance of the model. Accordingly, the model is said to be suitable to make predictions. According to this obtained multivariate SETAR model, the prices of gold and dollar affect each other in Turkey market and they can be modelled together

Investigation of the antiviral effect of vepesid on HSV type 2

Objective: Vepesid is a semisynthetic derivative of phodophylotoxin extracted from Phodophylum peltatum, which is in the group of plant alkaloids. In this study, the antiviral effect of Vepesid against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in in vitro conditions was investigated. Materials and Methods: In this investigation, a HEp-2 continuous cell line that was derived from human larynx cancer cells was used. The experiments were done in culture plates with smooth bases consisting of 96 wells. Cultivation of cells was realized in EMEM medium with 10% fetal bovine serum at an atmosphere of 37°C with 5% CO2. The toxicity of investigated agents and sensitivity of HEp-2 cells were evaluated according to the Reed and Muench method. The 50% effective dose (ED50) of the antiviral agent was expressed as the concentration that inhibits the cytopathological effect in half of the quadruplicate test cultures. Acyclovir was included as a positive control drug for HSV. The experiments were done in two stages. In the first stage, the concentration of Vepesid that did not affect proliferation was determined by means of morphological and biochemical parameters (pH, pCO2, pO2, Na+). In the second stage, the antiviral effect of that dose was examined on 100 TCID{50} of HSV-2. Results: The concentrations of Acyclovir and Vepesid (3.12 mg/ml, 6.28 mg/ml) were toxic and 1.56 mg/ml of both agents did not affect cell proliferation. These amounts of Acyclovir and Vepesid inhibited viral reproduction and had no cytopathological effect on cells. Na+ content of the culture medium was 138 ± 2.54 mEq/L for the control group, 126 ± 1.65 mEq/L for the virus control, 142 ± 0.3 for the Acyclovir, 142 ± 0.4 for the Acyclovir + virus, 143 ± 1.1 for Vepesid, 141 ± 0.2 for the virus + Vepesid. LD50 of Acyclovir and Vepesid was found to be 71% for a virus titer of 100 TCID50. Conclusion: We found that Vepesid prevented the viral replication of herpes simplex virus type 2. We think that the study of Vepesid as the treatment for patients with herpes simplex virus (HSV) is very important in terms of its clinical and epidemiological nature.Objective: Vepesid is a semisynthetic derivative of phodophylotoxin extracted from Phodophylum peltatum, which is in the group of plant alkaloids. In this study, the antiviral effect of Vepesid against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in in vitro conditions was investigated. Materials and Methods: In this investigation, a HEp-2 continuous cell line that was derived from human larynx cancer cells was used. The experiments were done in culture plates with smooth bases consisting of 96 wells. Cultivation of cells was realized in EMEM medium with 10% fetal bovine serum at an atmosphere of 37°C with 5% CO2. The toxicity of investigated agents and sensitivity of HEp-2 cells were evaluated according to the Reed and Muench method. The 50% effective dose (ED50) of the antiviral agent was expressed as the concentration that inhibits the cytopathological effect in half of the quadruplicate test cultures. Acyclovir was included as a positive control drug for HSV. The experiments were done in two stages. In the first stage, the concentration of Vepesid that did not affect proliferation was determined by means of morphological and biochemical parameters (pH, pCO2, pO2, Na+). In the second stage, the antiviral effect of that dose was examined on 100 TCID{50} of HSV-2. Results: The concentrations of Acyclovir and Vepesid (3.12 mg/ml, 6.28 mg/ml) were toxic and 1.56 mg/ml of both agents did not affect cell proliferation. These amounts of Acyclovir and Vepesid inhibited viral reproduction and had no cytopathological effect on cells. Na+ content of the culture medium was 138 ± 2.54 mEq/L for the control group, 126 ± 1.65 mEq/L for the virus control, 142 ± 0.3 for the Acyclovir, 142 ± 0.4 for the Acyclovir + virus, 143 ± 1.1 for Vepesid, 141 ± 0.2 for the virus + Vepesid. LD50 of Acyclovir and Vepesid was found to be 71% for a virus titer of 100 TCID50. Conclusion: We found that Vepesid prevented the viral replication of herpes simplex virus type 2. We think that the study of Vepesid as the treatment for patients with herpes simplex virus (HSV) is very important in terms of its clinical and epidemiological nature