Protective effects of a chalcone derivative against Aβ-induced oxidative stress and neuronal damage

Amyloid Β-peptide (AΒ-peptide)-induced oxidative stress is thought to be a critical component of the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). New chalcone derivatives, the Chana series, were recently synthesized from the retrochalcones of licorice. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of the Chana series against neurodegenerative changes in vitro and in vivo. Among the Chana series, Chana 30 showed the highest free radical scavenging activity (90.7%) in the 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl assay. Chana 30 also protected against AΒ-induced neural cell injury in vitro. Furthermore, Chana 30 reduced the learning and memory deficits of AΒ(1-42)-peptide injected mice. Taken together, these results suggest that Chana 30 may be a promising candidate as a potent therapeutic agent against neurodegenerative diseases.ope

복지, 안전국토 실현과 공간빅데이터 활용

노트 : [특집 | 공간빅데이터와 새로운 국토가치 창출 2

전자지방정부 구현을 위한 GIS 활용방안 연구(Strategies for implementing GIS-based local E-government)

노트 : 이 연구보고서의 내용은 국토연구원의 자체 연구물로서 정부의 정책이나 견해와는 상관없습니다

국토이용모니터링체계 구축방안 연구(Method and strategies for constructing land use monitoring system)

노트 : 이 연구보고서의 내용은 국토연구원의 자체 연구물로서 정부의 정책이나 견해와는 상관없습니다

디지털시대에 대비한 사이버국토 구축전략 연구(Cyber territory construction in digital age)

노트 : 이 연구보고서의 내용은 국토연구원의 자체 연구물로서 정부의 정책이나 견해와는 상관없습니다

Inlay graft of acellular dermal matrix to prevent incisional dehiscence after radiotherapy in prosthetic breast reconstruction

BACKGROUND: As the indications for postmastectomy radiotherapy expand, innovative solutions are required to reduce operative complications and reconstructive failure after prosthetic breast reconstruction. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) inlay grafts in preventing postoperative wound dehiscence of irradiated breasts in the context of prosthetic breast reconstruction. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 45 patients who received two-stage prosthetic reconstruction and radiotherapy following mastectomy. An ADM graft was placed beneath the incisional site during the second-stage operation in 19 patients using marionette sutures, whereas the control group did not receive the ADM reinforcement. Patient demographics and complications such as wound dehiscence, capsular contracture, peri-prosthetic infection, cellulitis, and seroma were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: During an average follow-up period of 37.1 months, wound dehiscence occurred significantly less often in the ADM-reinforced closure group (0%) than in the non-ADM group (23.1%) (P=0.032). There was no significant difference between the two groups in relation to other complications, such as capsular contracture, postoperative infection, or seroma. CONCLUSIONS: The ADM inlay graft is a simple and easily reproducible technique for preventing incisional dehiscence in the setting of radiotherapy after prosthetic breast reconstruction. The ADM graft serves as a buttress to offload tension during healing and provides a mechanical barrier against pathogens. Application of this technique may serve to reduce complications in prosthetic breast reconstruction after radiotherapy.ope

A Study on Standard Measurement of Search and Rescue Radar Transponder(SART)

1992년 2월 1일부터 전면 시행된 전 세계 해상 조난 및 안전제도(GMDSS)의 탑재 요건에 따라 신제도의 기술기준에 적합한 통신장비들이 선박에 탑재되고 있으며, 이 중 SART는 구조시스템에 이용되며 현장통신에 의하여 연락을 취하면서 레이더 수색 및 위치확인 수단이 된다. 국제기구 및 국제 협약에 따라 SART의 성능기준 및 전기적 기술기준들이 마련되었으며 각국의 관계 주관청에서는 이러한 기준을 만족하는 국내법을 제정하고, 형식인증(Type Approval)에 필요한 시험항목들을 규정하고 있다. 그러나, WTO 체제 하에서 관세장벽인 무역장벽이 사실상 없어지면서 비관세장벽으로써 기술 장벽을 형성하여 각국에서는 자국 산업을 보호하기 위하여 타국 제품의 국내 시장 진출을 제한하고 있으며, 타국 제품의 자국 진출시 새로이 형식인증을 받도록 할 뿐만 아니라, 형식인증을 위한 상이한 시험절차를 만들어 놓았다. 이러한 문제점을 효율적으로 극복하고자 각국은 국가간 상호 인정협정(MRA)을 위해 노력하고 있으며 이 상호인정협정의 기본은 시험성적서의 인정에서부터 시작된다. SART의 경우 국내 형식승인을 위한 시험항목 및 절차가 유럽연합이나 외국에 비해 다소의 차이가 있기 때문에 이를 국제 기준으로 개정할 필요성이 있다. 또한 전기적 기술시험에 있어 전용 계측기를 사용한 측정방법이 훨씬 더 효과적이며, 등가등방성전력 및 송신부, 급전선부, 안테나부가 하나의 몸체로 이루어진 SART에서는 각각을 측정하여 공식을 이용하는 방법보다는 직접 SART에서 방사하여 측정하는 방법이 훨씬 더 적합하다고 판단된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 시험항목과 방법을 국제기준에 맞도록 표준 측정 방법을 제시하고자 한다.According to SOLAS agreement from 1. Feb. 1992, the communication equipments which sated on GMDSS rule requirements is mounted in ships. One of them, the SART(Search And Rescue Radar Transponder) has a function to indicate its position. Thus, it is so much available to assist search and rescue operation when an emergency and casualty occur at any sea area. The functional standard and electrical and technological standards of SART are provided in accordance with international organizations and agreement. Consequently, the supervising office enacts the proper domestic laws which is satisfying the international standards and regulate the test items of type approval. Under WTO, the trade wall as a tariff wall is actually vanished, but technology wall is forming as a non-tariff barrier. For this reason, other countries's products have difficult to be imported due to protection of domestic industry, imported goods have get the type approval of exported country according to the different test rules and procedures. In order to overcome those problems efficiently, each country makes an effort to admit MRA which starts from the recognition of the test report. In case of SART, the test items and procedures have some differences against EU or foreign countries so they have a necessary to be reform international standard. Also, the usage of exclusive measurement equipments are more effective for the electrical and technological test. In the test of EIRP of SART, conventional method is that each power of transmitter, electric power supply, antenna is measured then, EIRP is calculated by formula. But instead of each power of SART, the EIRP measurement of all in one SART system is more effective at this equipment. Therefore, in this thesis we introduce the standard measurement method and test items of SART in accordance with international standard.제 1 장 서론 = 1 1.1 연구의 배경 = 1 1.2 연구의 목적 및 내용 = 3 제 2 장 SART의 개요 = 5 2.1 SART의 이론적 배경 = 5 2.2 SART 기본 구성도 = 10 제 3 장 국내외 기술기준 및 시험항목 비교·분석 = 13 3.1 국제기술 기준 = 13 3.2 국내기술 기준 = 16 3.3 국내외 시험항목 = 비교·분석17 제 4 장 SART의 형식검정을 위한 표준측정방법 = 23 4.1 환경시험 = 23 4.2 전자파 적합성 시험 = 24 4.3 성능시험 = 29 제 5 장 결론 = 44 참고문헌 = 4

Xanthorrhizol inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced acute inflammation and two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis by blocking the expression of ornithine decarboxylase, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase through mitogen-activated protein kinases and/or the nuclear factor-κB

Xanthorrhizol is an active component isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. (Zingiberaceae) that is traditionally used in Indonesia for medicinal purposes. In the present study, we found that the topical application of xanthorrhizol before 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) treatment significantly inhibits TPA-induced mouse ear edema and TPA-induced tumor promotion in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-initiated ICR mouse skin. The topical application of xanthorrhizol following the induction of papillomas with TPA-induced hyperplasia and dysplasia also reduced tumor multiplicity and incidence in DMBA-initiated mouse skin. To further elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor-promoting activity of xanthorrhizol, its effect on the TPA-induced expression of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the upstream signaling molecules controlling these proteins were explored in mouse skin. The pre-treatment with xanthorrhizol inhibited the expression of ODC, iNOS and COX-2 proteins and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in both mouse skin with TPA-induced acute inflammation and DMBA-initiated mouse skin promoted by TPA for 19 weeks. When mouse skin was treated after TPA-induced production of papillomas, xanthorrhizol remarkably suppressed the expression of ODC, iNOS and COX-2 and inhibited the activation of NF-κB. Furthermore, western blot analysis showed that xanthorrhizol suppressed the activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase, p38, c-Jun-N-terminal kinase and Akt in mice after topical application for 6 weeks following the induction of papillomas. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that xanthorrhizol not only delays or inhibits tumor formation, but also reverses the carcinogenic process at pre-malignant stages by reducing the protein levels of ODC, iNOS and COX-2 regulated by the NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinases and/or Akt.ope

Club cell-specific role of programmed cell death 5 in pulmonary fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) causes progressive fibrosis and worsening pulmonary function. Prognosis is poor and no effective therapies exist. We show that programmed cell death 5 (PDCD5) expression is increased in the lungs of patients with IPF and in mouse models of lung fibrosis. Lung fibrosis is significantly diminished by club cell-specific deletion of Pdcd5 gene. PDCD5 mediates β-catenin/Smad3 complex formation, promoting TGF-β-induced transcriptional activation of matricellular genes. Club cell Pdcd5 knockdown reduces matricellular protein secretion, inhibiting fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. Here, we demonstrate the club cell-specific role of PDCD5 as a mediator of lung fibrosis and potential therapeutic target for IPF.ope

Inhibition of Wntless/GPR177 suppresses gastric tumorigenesis

Wntless/GPR177 functions as WNT ligand carrier protein and activator of WNT/beta-catenin signaling, however, its molecular role in gastric cancer (GC) has remained elusive. We investigated the role of GPR177 in gastric tumorigenesis and provided the therapeutic potential of a clinical development of anti-GPR177 monoclonal antibodies. GPR177 mRNA expression was assessed in GC transcriptome data sets (GSE15459, n = 184; GSE66229, n = 300); protein expression was assessed in independent patient tumor tissues (Yonsei TMA, n = 909). GPR177 expression were associated with unfavorable prognosis [log-rank test, GSE15459 (P = 0.00736), GSE66229 (P = 0.0142), and Yonsei TMA (P = 0.0334)] and identified as an independent risk predictor of clinical outcomes: GSE15459 [hazard ratio (HR) 1.731 (95% confidence interval; CI; 1.103- 2.715), P = 0.017], GSE66229 [HR 1.54 (95% CI, 1.10-2.151), P = 0.011], and Yonsei TMA [HR 1.254 (95% CI, 1.049- 1.500), P = 0.013]. Either antibody treatment or GPR177 knockdown suppressed proliferation of GC cells and sensitized cells to apoptosis. And also inhibition of GPR177 suppresses in vitro and in vivo tumorogenesis in GC cells and inhibits WNT/beta-catenin signaling. Finally, targeting and inhibition of GPR177 with antibody suppressed tumorigenesis in PDX model. Together, these results suggest GPR177 as a novel candidate for prognostic marker as well as a promising target for treatment of GC patients. [BMB Reports 2018; 51(5): 255-260].ope